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A toxicologic and dermatologic assessment of cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones when used as fragrance ingredients

Belsito, D. ; Bickers, D. ; Bruze, Magnus LU ; Calow, P. ; Dagli, M. L. ; Dekant, W. ; Fryer, A. D. ; Greim, H. ; Miyachi, Y. and Saurat, J. H. , et al. (2012) In Food and Chemical Toxicology 50. p.517-556
Abstract
The cyclopentanone and cyclopentenone group of fragrance ingredients was critically evaluated for safety following a complete literature search. For high end users, calculated maximum dermal exposures vary from 0.002% to 15.16% in hydroalcoholic products; systemic exposures vary from 0.0003 to 0.7122 mg/kg/day. The cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones had a low order of acute toxicity and no significant toxicity in repeat dose studies. No mutagenic or genotoxic activity in bacteria and mammalian cell line assays was observed. Developmental toxicity was not observed. Minimal evidence of skin irritation in humans is associated with current levels of use. Eleven materials were tested undiluted for eye irritation; three were considered... (More)
The cyclopentanone and cyclopentenone group of fragrance ingredients was critically evaluated for safety following a complete literature search. For high end users, calculated maximum dermal exposures vary from 0.002% to 15.16% in hydroalcoholic products; systemic exposures vary from 0.0003 to 0.7122 mg/kg/day. The cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones had a low order of acute toxicity and no significant toxicity in repeat dose studies. No mutagenic or genotoxic activity in bacteria and mammalian cell line assays was observed. Developmental toxicity was not observed. Minimal evidence of skin irritation in humans is associated with current levels of use. Eleven materials were tested undiluted for eye irritation; three were considered irritants. No phototoxic and photosensitization reactions were seen with nine materials tested. At concentrations higher than current reported use, 14 materials were non-sensitizing in HRIPT or maximization tests. 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone, 2-heptylidenecyclopentan-1-one and 3-methyl-2-(pentyloxy)-2-cyclopenten-1-one are weak sensitizers and have IFRA Standards. Risk of sensitization to the cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones is generally small under current levels of use. The Panel is of the opinion that there are no safety concerns for the cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones at reported levels of use and exposure as fragrance ingredients. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Fragrance material, Group summary, Ketones, Cyclopentanones, Cyclopentenones, Review
in
Food and Chemical Toxicology
volume
50
pages
517 - 556
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000309847700001
  • scopus:84866454951
  • pmid:22561342
ISSN
0278-6915
DOI
10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.019
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
26d23eb2-c51e-4015-a89f-85f618287cce (old id 3276253)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:16:53
date last changed
2022-01-27 18:18:49
@article{26d23eb2-c51e-4015-a89f-85f618287cce,
  abstract     = {{The cyclopentanone and cyclopentenone group of fragrance ingredients was critically evaluated for safety following a complete literature search. For high end users, calculated maximum dermal exposures vary from 0.002% to 15.16% in hydroalcoholic products; systemic exposures vary from 0.0003 to 0.7122 mg/kg/day. The cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones had a low order of acute toxicity and no significant toxicity in repeat dose studies. No mutagenic or genotoxic activity in bacteria and mammalian cell line assays was observed. Developmental toxicity was not observed. Minimal evidence of skin irritation in humans is associated with current levels of use. Eleven materials were tested undiluted for eye irritation; three were considered irritants. No phototoxic and photosensitization reactions were seen with nine materials tested. At concentrations higher than current reported use, 14 materials were non-sensitizing in HRIPT or maximization tests. 2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone, 2-heptylidenecyclopentan-1-one and 3-methyl-2-(pentyloxy)-2-cyclopenten-1-one are weak sensitizers and have IFRA Standards. Risk of sensitization to the cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones is generally small under current levels of use. The Panel is of the opinion that there are no safety concerns for the cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones at reported levels of use and exposure as fragrance ingredients. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},
  author       = {{Belsito, D. and Bickers, D. and Bruze, Magnus and Calow, P. and Dagli, M. L. and Dekant, W. and Fryer, A. D. and Greim, H. and Miyachi, Y. and Saurat, J. H. and Sipes, I. G.}},
  issn         = {{0278-6915}},
  keywords     = {{Fragrance material; Group summary; Ketones; Cyclopentanones; Cyclopentenones; Review}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{517--556}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Food and Chemical Toxicology}},
  title        = {{A toxicologic and dermatologic assessment of cyclopentanones and cyclopentenones when used as fragrance ingredients}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.019}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.019}},
  volume       = {{50}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}