A toxicological and dermatological assessment of aryl alkyl alcohols when used as fragrance ingredients
(2012) In Food and Chemical Toxicology 50. p.52-99- Abstract
- The aryl alkyl alcohol (AAA) fragrance ingredients are a diverse group of chemical structures with similar metabolic and toxicity profiles. The AAA fragrances demonstrate low acute and subchronic dermal and oral toxicity. No carcinogenicity in rats or mice was observed in 2-year chronic testing of benzyl alcohol or alpha-methylbenzyl alcohol: the latter did induce species and gender-specific renal adenomas in male rats at the high dose. There was no to little genotoxicity, mutagenicity, or clastogenicity in the mutagenic in vitro bacterial assays, and in vitro mammalian cell assays. All in vivo micronucleus assays were negative. NOAELs for maternal and developmental toxicity are far in excess of current human exposure levels. At... (More)
- The aryl alkyl alcohol (AAA) fragrance ingredients are a diverse group of chemical structures with similar metabolic and toxicity profiles. The AAA fragrances demonstrate low acute and subchronic dermal and oral toxicity. No carcinogenicity in rats or mice was observed in 2-year chronic testing of benzyl alcohol or alpha-methylbenzyl alcohol: the latter did induce species and gender-specific renal adenomas in male rats at the high dose. There was no to little genotoxicity, mutagenicity, or clastogenicity in the mutagenic in vitro bacterial assays, and in vitro mammalian cell assays. All in vivo micronucleus assays were negative. NOAELs for maternal and developmental toxicity are far in excess of current human exposure levels. At concentrations likely to be encountered by consumers, AAA fragrance ingredients are non-irritating to the skin. The potential for eye irritation is minimal. With the exception of benzyl alcohol and to a lesser extent phenethyl and 2-phenoxyethyl AAA alcohols, human sensitization studies, diagnostic patch tests and human induction studies, indicate that AAA fragrance ingredients generally have no or low sensitization potential. Available data indicate that the potential for photosensitization is low. It is concluded that these materials would not present a safety concern at current levels of use as fragrance ingredients. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3287808
- author
- Belsito, D. ; Bickers, D. ; Bruze, Magnus LU ; Calow, P. ; Dagli, M. L. ; Fryer, A. D. ; Greim, H. ; Miyachi, Y. ; Saurath, J. H. and Sipes, I. G.
- organization
- publishing date
- 2012
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Fragrance ingredients, Aryl alkyl alcohols, Safety review
- in
- Food and Chemical Toxicology
- volume
- 50
- pages
- 52 - 99
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000309574800002
- scopus:84865740513
- pmid:22051184
- ISSN
- 0278-6915
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.042
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 55a5c771-5c3a-436d-8e40-a3f03b3496c0 (old id 3287808)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 13:08:01
- date last changed
- 2022-03-13 22:23:24
@article{55a5c771-5c3a-436d-8e40-a3f03b3496c0,
abstract = {{The aryl alkyl alcohol (AAA) fragrance ingredients are a diverse group of chemical structures with similar metabolic and toxicity profiles. The AAA fragrances demonstrate low acute and subchronic dermal and oral toxicity. No carcinogenicity in rats or mice was observed in 2-year chronic testing of benzyl alcohol or alpha-methylbenzyl alcohol: the latter did induce species and gender-specific renal adenomas in male rats at the high dose. There was no to little genotoxicity, mutagenicity, or clastogenicity in the mutagenic in vitro bacterial assays, and in vitro mammalian cell assays. All in vivo micronucleus assays were negative. NOAELs for maternal and developmental toxicity are far in excess of current human exposure levels. At concentrations likely to be encountered by consumers, AAA fragrance ingredients are non-irritating to the skin. The potential for eye irritation is minimal. With the exception of benzyl alcohol and to a lesser extent phenethyl and 2-phenoxyethyl AAA alcohols, human sensitization studies, diagnostic patch tests and human induction studies, indicate that AAA fragrance ingredients generally have no or low sensitization potential. Available data indicate that the potential for photosensitization is low. It is concluded that these materials would not present a safety concern at current levels of use as fragrance ingredients. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},
author = {{Belsito, D. and Bickers, D. and Bruze, Magnus and Calow, P. and Dagli, M. L. and Fryer, A. D. and Greim, H. and Miyachi, Y. and Saurath, J. H. and Sipes, I. G.}},
issn = {{0278-6915}},
keywords = {{Fragrance ingredients; Aryl alkyl alcohols; Safety review}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{52--99}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Food and Chemical Toxicology}},
title = {{A toxicological and dermatological assessment of aryl alkyl alcohols when used as fragrance ingredients}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.042}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.042}},
volume = {{50}},
year = {{2012}},
}