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Cadmium, mercury and lead in the blood of urban women in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, China, Ecuador and Morocco

Pawlas, Natalia ; Strömberg, Ulf LU ; Carlberg, Bo ; Cerna, Milena ; Harari, Florencia ; Harari, Raul ; Horvat, Milena ; Hruba, Frantiska ; Koppova, Kvetoslava and Krskova, Andrea , et al. (2013) In International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 26(1). p.58-72
Abstract
The aim of the study was to make an international comparison of blood levels of cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) of women in seven European, and three non-European cities, and to identify determinants. About 50 women (age: 46-62) from each city were recruited (totally 480) in 2006-2009. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained. Blood samples were analysed in one laboratory to avoid interlaboratory variation. Between the European cities, the B-Pb and B-Cd results vary little (range of geometric means: 13.5-27.0 mu g/l and 0.25-0.65 mu g/l, respectively); the variation of B-Hg was larger (0.40-1.38 mu g/l). Between the non-European cities the results for B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg were 19.2-68.0, 0.39-0.99 and 1.01-2.73 mu g/l,... (More)
The aim of the study was to make an international comparison of blood levels of cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) of women in seven European, and three non-European cities, and to identify determinants. About 50 women (age: 46-62) from each city were recruited (totally 480) in 2006-2009. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained. Blood samples were analysed in one laboratory to avoid interlaboratory variation. Between the European cities, the B-Pb and B-Cd results vary little (range of geometric means: 13.5-27.0 mu g/l and 0.25-0.65 mu g/l, respectively); the variation of B-Hg was larger (0.40-1.38 mu g/l). Between the non-European cities the results for B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg were 19.2-68.0, 0.39-0.99 and 1.01-2.73 mu g/l, respectively. Smoking was a statistically significant determinant for B-Cd, while fish and shellfish intakes contributed to B-Hg and B-Pb, amalgam fillings also contributed to B-Hg. The present results confirm the previous results from children; the exposure to lead and cadmium varies only little between different European cities suggesting that other factors than the living area are more important. The study also confirms the previous findings of higher cadmium and lead levels in some non-European cities. The geographical variation for mercury is significant. (Less)
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cadmium, Mercury, Lead, Blood, Urban Women, European cities, Non-European Cities
in
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
volume
26
issue
1
pages
58 - 72
publisher
De Gruyter
external identifiers
  • wos:000317428800006
  • scopus:84876103564
  • pmid:23526195
ISSN
1896-494X
DOI
10.2478/S13382-013-0071-9
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
554e1018-68f5-4974-b479-9d3a9169884d (old id 3739349)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 10:08:57
date last changed
2022-04-04 02:46:18
@article{554e1018-68f5-4974-b479-9d3a9169884d,
  abstract     = {{The aim of the study was to make an international comparison of blood levels of cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) of women in seven European, and three non-European cities, and to identify determinants. About 50 women (age: 46-62) from each city were recruited (totally 480) in 2006-2009. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained. Blood samples were analysed in one laboratory to avoid interlaboratory variation. Between the European cities, the B-Pb and B-Cd results vary little (range of geometric means: 13.5-27.0 mu g/l and 0.25-0.65 mu g/l, respectively); the variation of B-Hg was larger (0.40-1.38 mu g/l). Between the non-European cities the results for B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg were 19.2-68.0, 0.39-0.99 and 1.01-2.73 mu g/l, respectively. Smoking was a statistically significant determinant for B-Cd, while fish and shellfish intakes contributed to B-Hg and B-Pb, amalgam fillings also contributed to B-Hg. The present results confirm the previous results from children; the exposure to lead and cadmium varies only little between different European cities suggesting that other factors than the living area are more important. The study also confirms the previous findings of higher cadmium and lead levels in some non-European cities. The geographical variation for mercury is significant.}},
  author       = {{Pawlas, Natalia and Strömberg, Ulf and Carlberg, Bo and Cerna, Milena and Harari, Florencia and Harari, Raul and Horvat, Milena and Hruba, Frantiska and Koppova, Kvetoslava and Krskova, Andrea and Krsnik, Mladen and Li, Yu-Feng and Löfmark, Lina and Lundh, Thomas and Lundstrom, Nils-Goran and Lyoussi, Badiaa and Markiewicz-Gorka, Iwona and Mazej, Darja and Osredkar, Josko and Pawlas, Krystyna and Rentschler, Gerda and Spevackova, Vera and Spiric, Zdravko and Sundkvist, Anneli and Tratnik, Janja Snoj and Vadla, Drazenka and Zizi, Soumia and Skerfving, Staffan and Bergdahl, Ingvar A.}},
  issn         = {{1896-494X}},
  keywords     = {{Cadmium; Mercury; Lead; Blood; Urban Women; European cities; Non-European Cities}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{58--72}},
  publisher    = {{De Gruyter}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health}},
  title        = {{Cadmium, mercury and lead in the blood of urban women in Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, China, Ecuador and Morocco}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/S13382-013-0071-9}},
  doi          = {{10.2478/S13382-013-0071-9}},
  volume       = {{26}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}