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Importance of fossil fuel emission uncertainties over Europe for CO2 modeling : model intercomparison

Peylin, P. ; Houweling, S. ; Krol, M. C. ; Karstens, Ute LU orcid ; Roedenbeck, C. ; Geels, C. ; Vermeulen, Alex LU orcid ; Badawy, B. ; Aulagnier, C. and Pregger, T. , et al. (2011) In Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11(13). p.6607-6622
Abstract
Inverse modeling techniques used to quantify surface carbon fluxes commonly assume that the uncertainty of fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions is negligible and that intra-annual variations can be neglected. To investigate these assumptions, we analyzed the differences between four fossil fuel emission inventories with spatial and temporal differences over Europe and their impact on the model simulated CO2 concentration. Large temporal flux variations characterize the hourly fields (similar to 40% and similar to 80% for the seasonal and diurnal cycles, peak-to-peak) and annual country totals differ by 10% on average and up to 40% for some countries (i.e., the Netherlands). These emissions have been prescribed to seven different transport... (More)
Inverse modeling techniques used to quantify surface carbon fluxes commonly assume that the uncertainty of fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions is negligible and that intra-annual variations can be neglected. To investigate these assumptions, we analyzed the differences between four fossil fuel emission inventories with spatial and temporal differences over Europe and their impact on the model simulated CO2 concentration. Large temporal flux variations characterize the hourly fields (similar to 40% and similar to 80% for the seasonal and diurnal cycles, peak-to-peak) and annual country totals differ by 10% on average and up to 40% for some countries (i.e., the Netherlands). These emissions have been prescribed to seven different transport models, resulting in 28 different FFCO2 concentrations fields. The modeled FFCO2 concentration time series at surface sites using time-varying emissions show larger seasonal cycles (+2 ppm at the Hungarian tall tower (HUN)) and smaller diurnal cycles in summer (-1 ppm at HUN) than when using constant emissions. The concentration range spanned by all simulations varies between stations, and is generally larger in winter (up to similar to 10 ppm peak-to-peak at HUN) than in summer (similar to 5 ppm). The contribution of transport model differences to the simulated concentration std-dev is 2-3 times larger than the contribution of emission differences only, at typical European sites used in global inversions. These contributions to the hourly (monthly) std-dev's amount to similar to 1.2 (0.8) ppm and similar to 0.4 (0.3) ppm for transport and emissions, respectively. First comparisons of the modeled concentrations with C-14-based fossil fuel CO2 observations show that the large transport differences still hamper a quantitative evaluation/validation of the emission inventories. Changes in the estimated monthly biosphere flux (Fbio) over Europe, using two inverse modeling approaches, are relatively small (less that 5 %) while changes in annual Fbio (up to similar to 0.15% GtC yr(-1)) are only slightly smaller than the differences in annual emission totals and around 30% of the mean European ecosystem carbon sink. These results point to an urgent need to improve not only the transport models but also the assumed spatial and temporal distribution of fossil fuel emission inventories. (Less)
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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
volume
11
issue
13
pages
6607 - 6622
publisher
Copernicus GmbH
external identifiers
  • wos:000292728400029
  • scopus:79960206396
ISSN
1680-7324
DOI
10.5194/acp-11-6607-2011
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
2f2b4cfd-cd66-4c1a-8e38-fb169ac822e7 (old id 4623848)
alternative location
http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/6607/2011/
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 09:49:34
date last changed
2022-01-25 17:01:34
@article{2f2b4cfd-cd66-4c1a-8e38-fb169ac822e7,
  abstract     = {{Inverse modeling techniques used to quantify surface carbon fluxes commonly assume that the uncertainty of fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions is negligible and that intra-annual variations can be neglected. To investigate these assumptions, we analyzed the differences between four fossil fuel emission inventories with spatial and temporal differences over Europe and their impact on the model simulated CO2 concentration. Large temporal flux variations characterize the hourly fields (similar to 40% and similar to 80% for the seasonal and diurnal cycles, peak-to-peak) and annual country totals differ by 10% on average and up to 40% for some countries (i.e., the Netherlands). These emissions have been prescribed to seven different transport models, resulting in 28 different FFCO2 concentrations fields. The modeled FFCO2 concentration time series at surface sites using time-varying emissions show larger seasonal cycles (+2 ppm at the Hungarian tall tower (HUN)) and smaller diurnal cycles in summer (-1 ppm at HUN) than when using constant emissions. The concentration range spanned by all simulations varies between stations, and is generally larger in winter (up to similar to 10 ppm peak-to-peak at HUN) than in summer (similar to 5 ppm). The contribution of transport model differences to the simulated concentration std-dev is 2-3 times larger than the contribution of emission differences only, at typical European sites used in global inversions. These contributions to the hourly (monthly) std-dev's amount to similar to 1.2 (0.8) ppm and similar to 0.4 (0.3) ppm for transport and emissions, respectively. First comparisons of the modeled concentrations with C-14-based fossil fuel CO2 observations show that the large transport differences still hamper a quantitative evaluation/validation of the emission inventories. Changes in the estimated monthly biosphere flux (Fbio) over Europe, using two inverse modeling approaches, are relatively small (less that 5 %) while changes in annual Fbio (up to similar to 0.15% GtC yr(-1)) are only slightly smaller than the differences in annual emission totals and around 30% of the mean European ecosystem carbon sink. These results point to an urgent need to improve not only the transport models but also the assumed spatial and temporal distribution of fossil fuel emission inventories.}},
  author       = {{Peylin, P. and Houweling, S. and Krol, M. C. and Karstens, Ute and Roedenbeck, C. and Geels, C. and Vermeulen, Alex and Badawy, B. and Aulagnier, C. and Pregger, T. and Delage, F. and Pieterse, G. and Ciais, P. and Heimann, M.}},
  issn         = {{1680-7324}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{13}},
  pages        = {{6607--6622}},
  publisher    = {{Copernicus GmbH}},
  series       = {{Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics}},
  title        = {{Importance of fossil fuel emission uncertainties over Europe for CO2 modeling : model intercomparison}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-6607-2011}},
  doi          = {{10.5194/acp-11-6607-2011}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}