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Time- and Frequency-Varying K -Factor of Non-Stationary Vehicular Channels for Safety-Relevant Scenarios

Bernado, Laura ; Zemen, Thomas ; Tufvesson, Fredrik LU orcid ; Molisch, Andreas LU and Mecklenbrauker, Christoph F. (2015) In IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 16(2). p.1007-1017
Abstract
Vehicular communication channels are characterized by a non-stationary time- and frequency-selective fading process due to fast changes in the environment. We characterize the distribution of the envelope of the first delay bin in vehicle-to-vehicle channels by means of its Rician $K$-factor. We analyze the time–frequency variability of this channel parameter using vehicular channel measurements at 5.6 GHz with a bandwidth of 240 MHz for safety-relevant scenarios in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This data enables a frequency-variability analysis from an IEEE 802.11p system point of view, which uses 10 MHz channels. We show that the small-scale fading of the envelope of the first delay bin is Rician distributed with a varying... (More)
Vehicular communication channels are characterized by a non-stationary time- and frequency-selective fading process due to fast changes in the environment. We characterize the distribution of the envelope of the first delay bin in vehicle-to-vehicle channels by means of its Rician $K$-factor. We analyze the time–frequency variability of this channel parameter using vehicular channel measurements at 5.6 GHz with a bandwidth of 240 MHz for safety-relevant scenarios in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This data enables a frequency-variability analysis from an IEEE 802.11p system point of view, which uses 10 MHz channels. We show that the small-scale fading of the envelope of the first delay bin is Rician distributed with a varying K-factor. The later delay bins are Rayleigh distributed. We demonstrate that the K-factor cannot be assumed to be constant in time and frequency. The causes of these variations are the frequency-varying antenna radiation patterns, as well as the time-varying number of active scatterers, and the effects of vegetation. We also present a simple but accurate bimodal Gaussian mixture model, which allows to capture the K-factor variability in time for safety-relevant ITS scenarios. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Channel modelling, intelligent transportation systems, non-stationary fading, Rician K-factor, safety-relevant scenarios, vehicle-to-vehicle links
in
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
volume
16
issue
2
pages
1007 - 1017
publisher
IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
external identifiers
  • wos:000352282500041
  • scopus:85027929609
ISSN
1524-9050
DOI
10.1109/TITS.2014.2349364
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
3b652d6d-9e2c-479f-b223-3a475a59c3bb (old id 4731601)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 13:37:24
date last changed
2022-03-21 19:36:03
@article{3b652d6d-9e2c-479f-b223-3a475a59c3bb,
  abstract     = {{Vehicular communication channels are characterized by a non-stationary time- and frequency-selective fading process due to fast changes in the environment. We characterize the distribution of the envelope of the first delay bin in vehicle-to-vehicle channels by means of its Rician $K$-factor. We analyze the time–frequency variability of this channel parameter using vehicular channel measurements at 5.6 GHz with a bandwidth of 240 MHz for safety-relevant scenarios in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This data enables a frequency-variability analysis from an IEEE 802.11p system point of view, which uses 10 MHz channels. We show that the small-scale fading of the envelope of the first delay bin is Rician distributed with a varying K-factor. The later delay bins are Rayleigh distributed. We demonstrate that the K-factor cannot be assumed to be constant in time and frequency. The causes of these variations are the frequency-varying antenna radiation patterns, as well as the time-varying number of active scatterers, and the effects of vegetation. We also present a simple but accurate bimodal Gaussian mixture model, which allows to capture the K-factor variability in time for safety-relevant ITS scenarios.}},
  author       = {{Bernado, Laura and Zemen, Thomas and Tufvesson, Fredrik and Molisch, Andreas and Mecklenbrauker, Christoph F.}},
  issn         = {{1524-9050}},
  keywords     = {{Channel modelling; intelligent transportation systems; non-stationary fading; Rician K-factor; safety-relevant scenarios; vehicle-to-vehicle links}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{1007--1017}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
  series       = {{IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems}},
  title        = {{Time- and Frequency-Varying K -Factor of Non-Stationary Vehicular Channels for Safety-Relevant Scenarios}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2014.2349364}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/TITS.2014.2349364}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}