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Continuous glucose monitoring vs conventional therapy for glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections the gold randomized clinical trial

Lind, Marcus ; Polonsky, William ; Hirsch, Irl B ; Heise, Tim ; Bolinder, Jan ; Dahlqvist, Sofia ; Schwarz, Erik ; Ólafsdóttir, Arndis Finna ; Frid, Anders LU and Wedel, Hans , et al. (2017) In JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 317(4). p.379-387
Abstract

IMPORTANCE The majority of individuals with type 1 diabetes do not meet recommended glycemic targets. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Open-label crossover randomized clinical trial conducted in 15 diabetes outpatient clinics in Sweden between February 24, 2014, and June 1, 2016 that included 161 individuals with type 1 diabetes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of at least 7.5%(58 mmol/mol) treated with multiple daily insulin injections. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to receive treatment using a continuous glucose monitoring system or conventional treatment for 26 weeks, separated by a... (More)

IMPORTANCE The majority of individuals with type 1 diabetes do not meet recommended glycemic targets. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Open-label crossover randomized clinical trial conducted in 15 diabetes outpatient clinics in Sweden between February 24, 2014, and June 1, 2016 that included 161 individuals with type 1 diabetes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of at least 7.5%(58 mmol/mol) treated with multiple daily insulin injections. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to receive treatment using a continuous glucose monitoring system or conventional treatment for 26 weeks, separated by a washout period of 17 weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Difference in HbA1c between weeks 26 and 69 for the 2 treatments. Adverse events including severe hypoglycemia were also studied. RESULTS Among 161 randomized participants, mean age was 43.7 years, 45.3%were women, and mean HbA1c was 8.6%(70 mmol/mol). A total of 142 participants had follow-up data in both treatment periods. Mean HbA1c was 7.92%(63 mmol/mol) during continuous glucose monitoring use and 8.35%(68 mmol/mol) during conventional treatment (mean difference, -0.43%[95%CI, -0.57%to -0.29%] or -4.7 [-6.3 to -3.1 mmol/mol]; P < .001). Of 19 secondary end points comprising psychosocial and various glycemic measures, 6met the hierarchical testing criteria of statistical significance, favoring continuous glucose monitoring compared with conventional treatment. Five patients in the conventional treatment group and 1 patient in the continuous glucose monitoring group had severe hypoglycemia. During washout when patients used conventional therapy, 7 patients had severe hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with inadequately controlled type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections, the use of continuous glucose monitoring compared with conventional treatment for 26 weeks resulted in lower HbA1c. Furthe.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
volume
317
issue
4
pages
9 pages
publisher
American Medical Association
external identifiers
  • pmid:28118454
  • wos:000392509600020
  • scopus:85011930995
ISSN
0098-7484
DOI
10.1001/jama.2016.19976
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
5db3e90c-3272-4258-b6d1-14949c34beb4
date added to LUP
2017-02-28 10:43:06
date last changed
2024-03-17 07:07:33
@article{5db3e90c-3272-4258-b6d1-14949c34beb4,
  abstract     = {{<p>IMPORTANCE The majority of individuals with type 1 diabetes do not meet recommended glycemic targets. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Open-label crossover randomized clinical trial conducted in 15 diabetes outpatient clinics in Sweden between February 24, 2014, and June 1, 2016 that included 161 individuals with type 1 diabetes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of at least 7.5%(58 mmol/mol) treated with multiple daily insulin injections. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to receive treatment using a continuous glucose monitoring system or conventional treatment for 26 weeks, separated by a washout period of 17 weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Difference in HbA1c between weeks 26 and 69 for the 2 treatments. Adverse events including severe hypoglycemia were also studied. RESULTS Among 161 randomized participants, mean age was 43.7 years, 45.3%were women, and mean HbA1c was 8.6%(70 mmol/mol). A total of 142 participants had follow-up data in both treatment periods. Mean HbA1c was 7.92%(63 mmol/mol) during continuous glucose monitoring use and 8.35%(68 mmol/mol) during conventional treatment (mean difference, -0.43%[95%CI, -0.57%to -0.29%] or -4.7 [-6.3 to -3.1 mmol/mol]; P &lt; .001). Of 19 secondary end points comprising psychosocial and various glycemic measures, 6met the hierarchical testing criteria of statistical significance, favoring continuous glucose monitoring compared with conventional treatment. Five patients in the conventional treatment group and 1 patient in the continuous glucose monitoring group had severe hypoglycemia. During washout when patients used conventional therapy, 7 patients had severe hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with inadequately controlled type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections, the use of continuous glucose monitoring compared with conventional treatment for 26 weeks resulted in lower HbA1c. Furthe.</p>}},
  author       = {{Lind, Marcus and Polonsky, William and Hirsch, Irl B and Heise, Tim and Bolinder, Jan and Dahlqvist, Sofia and Schwarz, Erik and Ólafsdóttir, Arndis Finna and Frid, Anders and Wedel, Hans and Ahlén, Elsa and Nyström, Thomas and Hellman, Jarl}},
  issn         = {{0098-7484}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{379--387}},
  publisher    = {{American Medical Association}},
  series       = {{JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association}},
  title        = {{Continuous glucose monitoring vs conventional therapy for glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections the gold randomized clinical trial}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.19976}},
  doi          = {{10.1001/jama.2016.19976}},
  volume       = {{317}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}