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Polygenic Risk Score for Coronary Heart Disease Modifies the Elevated Risk by Cigarette Smoking for Disease Incidence

Hindy, George LU ; Wiberg, Frans LU ; Almgren, Peter LU ; Melander, Olle LU orcid and Orho-Melander, Marju LU (2018) In Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine 11(1).
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental components. Smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for CHD. Our aim was to test whether the increased CHD incidence by smoking is modified by genetic predisposition to CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Our study included 24 443 individuals from the MDCS (Malmö Diet and Cancer Study). A weighted polygenic risk score (PRS) was created by summing the number of risk alleles for 50 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CHD. Individuals were classified as current, former, or never smokers. Interactions were primarily tested between smoking status and PRS and secondarily with individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Then,... (More)

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental components. Smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for CHD. Our aim was to test whether the increased CHD incidence by smoking is modified by genetic predisposition to CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Our study included 24 443 individuals from the MDCS (Malmö Diet and Cancer Study). A weighted polygenic risk score (PRS) was created by summing the number of risk alleles for 50 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CHD. Individuals were classified as current, former, or never smokers. Interactions were primarily tested between smoking status and PRS and secondarily with individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Then, the predictive use of PRS for CHD incidence was tested among different smoking categories. During a median follow-up time of 19.4 years, 3217 incident CHD cases were recorded. The association between smoking and CHD was modified by the PRS (Pinteraction=0.005). The magnitude of increased incidence of CHD by smoking was highest among individuals in the lowest tertile of PRS (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-1.56 per smoking risk category) compared with the highest tertile (odds ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.30 per smoking risk category). This interaction was stronger among men (Pinteraction=0.001) compared with women (Pinteraction=0.44). The PRS provided a significantly better net reclassification and discrimination on top of traditional risk factors among never smokers compared with current smokers (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Genetic predisposition to CHD modifies the associated increased CHD risk by smoking. The PRS has a better predictive use among never smokers compared with smokers.

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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cigarette smoking, coronary disease, gene-environment interaction, genetic predisposition to disease, ppolymorphism, genetic, smoking
in
Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine
volume
11
issue
1
article number
e001856
publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
external identifiers
  • scopus:85057520919
  • pmid:29874179
ISSN
2574-8300
DOI
10.1161/CIRCGEN.117.001856
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
b35bb0dc-ce89-4720-add1-02d206637bf1
date added to LUP
2018-12-20 12:59:09
date last changed
2024-03-18 21:50:19
@article{b35bb0dc-ce89-4720-add1-02d206637bf1,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental components. Smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for CHD. Our aim was to test whether the increased CHD incidence by smoking is modified by genetic predisposition to CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS: Our study included 24 443 individuals from the MDCS (Malmö Diet and Cancer Study). A weighted polygenic risk score (PRS) was created by summing the number of risk alleles for 50 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CHD. Individuals were classified as current, former, or never smokers. Interactions were primarily tested between smoking status and PRS and secondarily with individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Then, the predictive use of PRS for CHD incidence was tested among different smoking categories. During a median follow-up time of 19.4 years, 3217 incident CHD cases were recorded. The association between smoking and CHD was modified by the PRS (Pinteraction=0.005). The magnitude of increased incidence of CHD by smoking was highest among individuals in the lowest tertile of PRS (odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-1.56 per smoking risk category) compared with the highest tertile (odds ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.30 per smoking risk category). This interaction was stronger among men (Pinteraction=0.001) compared with women (Pinteraction=0.44). The PRS provided a significantly better net reclassification and discrimination on top of traditional risk factors among never smokers compared with current smokers (P&lt;0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Genetic predisposition to CHD modifies the associated increased CHD risk by smoking. The PRS has a better predictive use among never smokers compared with smokers.</p>}},
  author       = {{Hindy, George and Wiberg, Frans and Almgren, Peter and Melander, Olle and Orho-Melander, Marju}},
  issn         = {{2574-8300}},
  keywords     = {{cigarette smoking; coronary disease; gene-environment interaction; genetic predisposition to disease; ppolymorphism, genetic; smoking}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Lippincott Williams & Wilkins}},
  series       = {{Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine}},
  title        = {{Polygenic Risk Score for Coronary Heart Disease Modifies the Elevated Risk by Cigarette Smoking for Disease Incidence}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGEN.117.001856}},
  doi          = {{10.1161/CIRCGEN.117.001856}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}