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Food patterns in relation to weight change and incidence of type 2 diabetes, coronary events and stroke in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort

Ericson, Ulrika LU ; Brunkwall, Louise LU ; Alves Dias, Joana LU ; Drake, Isabel LU ; Hellstrand, Sophie LU ; Gullberg, Bo LU ; Sonestedt, Emily LU orcid ; Nilsson, Peter M. LU ; Wirfält, Elisabet LU and Orho-Melander, Marju LU (2019) In European Journal of Nutrition 58(5). p.1801-1814
Abstract

Purpose: We examined if data-driven food-patterns associate with weight change, incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary events (CE) and stroke. Methods: The study included 20,487 individuals (61% women) from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, 45–74 years, without diabetes and CVD at baseline (1991–1996) and who did not report dietary changes. Diet was measured with a modified diet history method. During 15 years follow-up, 2206 T2D, 1571 CE and 1332 stroke cases were identified. Data on weight change after 16.7 years were available in 2627 individuals. Results: From principal component analysis, we identified six food-patterns which were similar in women and men. The first pattern, explaining 7% of the variance, was characterized by... (More)

Purpose: We examined if data-driven food-patterns associate with weight change, incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary events (CE) and stroke. Methods: The study included 20,487 individuals (61% women) from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, 45–74 years, without diabetes and CVD at baseline (1991–1996) and who did not report dietary changes. Diet was measured with a modified diet history method. During 15 years follow-up, 2206 T2D, 1571 CE and 1332 stroke cases were identified. Data on weight change after 16.7 years were available in 2627 individuals. Results: From principal component analysis, we identified six food-patterns which were similar in women and men. The first pattern, explaining 7% of the variance, was characterized by high intake of fibre-rich bread, breakfast cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish and low-fat yoghurt, and by low intake of low-fibre bread. This health conscious pattern was associated with lower T2D risk (HR comparing highest quintile with lowest: 0.75; 95% CI 0.61–0.92, 0.82; 95% CI 0.68–1.00 in women and men, respectively, P trends = 0.003, 0.01) and CE (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.58–1.02, HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.68–1.01, P trends = 0.05, 0.07), and in men also with lower risk of ischemic stroke (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.54–0.88; P trend = 0.001) and less pronounced weight gain (0.93 kg/10 years, P trend = 0.03). A low-fat product pattern was associated with increased T2D risk in gender combined analyses (P trend = 0.03) and a pattern characterized by dressing and vegetables with lower CE risk in men (P trend = 0.02). Conclusions: Our main finding was that a dietary pattern indicating health conscious food choices was associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases in both genders.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cardiovascular diseases, Epidemiology, Food intake, Type 2 diabetes, Weight gain
in
European Journal of Nutrition
volume
58
issue
5
pages
14 pages
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • scopus:85047955066
  • pmid:29855685
ISSN
1436-6207
DOI
10.1007/s00394-018-1727-9
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c4e020d1-92fe-4c9b-b716-22d4fa7c8c6b
date added to LUP
2018-06-12 14:08:20
date last changed
2024-03-01 19:57:22
@article{c4e020d1-92fe-4c9b-b716-22d4fa7c8c6b,
  abstract     = {{<p>Purpose: We examined if data-driven food-patterns associate with weight change, incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary events (CE) and stroke. Methods: The study included 20,487 individuals (61% women) from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, 45–74 years, without diabetes and CVD at baseline (1991–1996) and who did not report dietary changes. Diet was measured with a modified diet history method. During 15 years follow-up, 2206 T2D, 1571 CE and 1332 stroke cases were identified. Data on weight change after 16.7 years were available in 2627 individuals. Results: From principal component analysis, we identified six food-patterns which were similar in women and men. The first pattern, explaining 7% of the variance, was characterized by high intake of fibre-rich bread, breakfast cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish and low-fat yoghurt, and by low intake of low-fibre bread. This health conscious pattern was associated with lower T2D risk (HR comparing highest quintile with lowest: 0.75; 95% CI 0.61–0.92, 0.82; 95% CI 0.68–1.00 in women and men, respectively, P trends = 0.003, 0.01) and CE (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.58–1.02, HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.68–1.01, P trends = 0.05, 0.07), and in men also with lower risk of ischemic stroke (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.54–0.88; P trend = 0.001) and less pronounced weight gain (0.93 kg/10 years, P trend = 0.03). A low-fat product pattern was associated with increased T2D risk in gender combined analyses (P trend = 0.03) and a pattern characterized by dressing and vegetables with lower CE risk in men (P trend = 0.02). Conclusions: Our main finding was that a dietary pattern indicating health conscious food choices was associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases in both genders.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ericson, Ulrika and Brunkwall, Louise and Alves Dias, Joana and Drake, Isabel and Hellstrand, Sophie and Gullberg, Bo and Sonestedt, Emily and Nilsson, Peter M. and Wirfält, Elisabet and Orho-Melander, Marju}},
  issn         = {{1436-6207}},
  keywords     = {{Cardiovascular diseases; Epidemiology; Food intake; Type 2 diabetes; Weight gain}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{1801--1814}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
  title        = {{Food patterns in relation to weight change and incidence of type 2 diabetes, coronary events and stroke in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1727-9}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00394-018-1727-9}},
  volume       = {{58}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}