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Abnormal epigenetic changes during differentiation of human skeletal muscle stem cells from obese subjects

Davegårdh, Cajsa LU orcid ; Broholm, Christa ; Perfilyev, Alexander LU orcid ; Henriksen, Tora ; García-Calzón, Sonia LU ; Peijs, Lone ; Hansen, Ninna Schiøler ; Volkov, Petr LU ; Kjøbsted, Rasmus and Wojtaszewski, Jørgen F P , et al. (2017) In BMC Medicine 15(1). p.1-27
Abstract

Background: Human skeletal muscle stem cells are important for muscle regeneration. However, the combined genome-wide DNA methylation and expression changes taking place during adult myogenesis have not been described in detail and novel myogenic factors may be discovered. Additionally, obesity is associated with low relative muscle mass and diminished metabolism. Epigenetic alterations taking place during myogenesis might contribute to these defects. Methods: We used Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Kit (Illumina) and HumanHT-12 Expression BeadChip (Illumina) to analyze genome-wide DNA methylation and transcription before versus after differentiation of primary human myoblasts from 14 non-obese and 14 obese individuals. Functional... (More)

Background: Human skeletal muscle stem cells are important for muscle regeneration. However, the combined genome-wide DNA methylation and expression changes taking place during adult myogenesis have not been described in detail and novel myogenic factors may be discovered. Additionally, obesity is associated with low relative muscle mass and diminished metabolism. Epigenetic alterations taking place during myogenesis might contribute to these defects. Methods: We used Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Kit (Illumina) and HumanHT-12 Expression BeadChip (Illumina) to analyze genome-wide DNA methylation and transcription before versus after differentiation of primary human myoblasts from 14 non-obese and 14 obese individuals. Functional follow-up experiments were performed using siRNA mediated gene silencing in primary human myoblasts and a transgenic mouse model. Results: We observed genome-wide changes in DNA methylation and expression patterns during differentiation of primary human muscle stem cells (myoblasts). We identified epigenetic and transcriptional changes of myogenic transcription factors (MYOD1, MYOG, MYF5, MYF6, PAX7, MEF2A, MEF2C, and MEF2D), cell cycle regulators, metabolic enzymes and genes previously not linked to myogenesis, including IL32, metallothioneins, and pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoproteins. Functional studies demonstrated IL-32 as a novel target that regulates human myogenesis, insulin sensitivity and ATP levels in muscle cells. Furthermore, IL32 transgenic mice had reduced insulin response and muscle weight. Remarkably, approximately 3.7 times more methylation changes (147,161 versus 39,572) were observed during differentiation of myoblasts from obese versus non-obese subjects. In accordance, DNMT1 expression increased during myogenesis only in obese subjects. Interestingly, numerous genes implicated in metabolic diseases and epigenetic regulation showed differential methylation and expression during differentiation only in obese subjects. Conclusions: Our study identifies IL-32 as a novel myogenic regulator, provides a comprehensive map of the dynamic epigenome during differentiation of human muscle stem cells and reveals abnormal epigenetic changes in obesity.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
ARPP21, CGB, DNA methylation, Epigenetics, IL-32, Insulin resistance, MT, Myogenesis, Obesity, PSG, TGF-β3
in
BMC Medicine
volume
15
issue
1
article number
39
pages
27 pages
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • scopus:85014369014
  • pmid:28222718
  • wos:000396068400001
  • pmid:28222718
ISSN
1741-7015
DOI
10.1186/s12916-017-0792-x
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
e21ebac6-9b4d-4470-83f5-9abf1704a593
date added to LUP
2017-03-17 17:32:06
date last changed
2024-03-31 06:17:05
@article{e21ebac6-9b4d-4470-83f5-9abf1704a593,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Human skeletal muscle stem cells are important for muscle regeneration. However, the combined genome-wide DNA methylation and expression changes taking place during adult myogenesis have not been described in detail and novel myogenic factors may be discovered. Additionally, obesity is associated with low relative muscle mass and diminished metabolism. Epigenetic alterations taking place during myogenesis might contribute to these defects. Methods: We used Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Kit (Illumina) and HumanHT-12 Expression BeadChip (Illumina) to analyze genome-wide DNA methylation and transcription before versus after differentiation of primary human myoblasts from 14 non-obese and 14 obese individuals. Functional follow-up experiments were performed using siRNA mediated gene silencing in primary human myoblasts and a transgenic mouse model. Results: We observed genome-wide changes in DNA methylation and expression patterns during differentiation of primary human muscle stem cells (myoblasts). We identified epigenetic and transcriptional changes of myogenic transcription factors (MYOD1, MYOG, MYF5, MYF6, PAX7, MEF2A, MEF2C, and MEF2D), cell cycle regulators, metabolic enzymes and genes previously not linked to myogenesis, including IL32, metallothioneins, and pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoproteins. Functional studies demonstrated IL-32 as a novel target that regulates human myogenesis, insulin sensitivity and ATP levels in muscle cells. Furthermore, IL32 transgenic mice had reduced insulin response and muscle weight. Remarkably, approximately 3.7 times more methylation changes (147,161 versus 39,572) were observed during differentiation of myoblasts from obese versus non-obese subjects. In accordance, DNMT1 expression increased during myogenesis only in obese subjects. Interestingly, numerous genes implicated in metabolic diseases and epigenetic regulation showed differential methylation and expression during differentiation only in obese subjects. Conclusions: Our study identifies IL-32 as a novel myogenic regulator, provides a comprehensive map of the dynamic epigenome during differentiation of human muscle stem cells and reveals abnormal epigenetic changes in obesity.</p>}},
  author       = {{Davegårdh, Cajsa and Broholm, Christa and Perfilyev, Alexander and Henriksen, Tora and García-Calzón, Sonia and Peijs, Lone and Hansen, Ninna Schiøler and Volkov, Petr and Kjøbsted, Rasmus and Wojtaszewski, Jørgen F P and Pedersen, Maria and Pedersen, Bente Klarlund and Ballak, Dov B. and Dinarello, Charles A. and Heinhuis, Bas and Joosten, Leo A B and Nilsson, Emma and Vaag, Allan and Scheele, Camilla and Ling, Charlotte}},
  issn         = {{1741-7015}},
  keywords     = {{ARPP21; CGB; DNA methylation; Epigenetics; IL-32; Insulin resistance; MT; Myogenesis; Obesity; PSG; TGF-β3}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{02}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{1--27}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{BMC Medicine}},
  title        = {{Abnormal epigenetic changes during differentiation of human skeletal muscle stem cells from obese subjects}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0792-x}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/s12916-017-0792-x}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}