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Genome Divergence in Progress - a population genetic analysis of the allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica and its maternal parent A. thaliana

Jakobsson, Mattias LU (2005)
Abstract
The evolutionary history of the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica and its maternal parent Arabidopsis thaliana is analyzed in the thesis in terms of genetic variation in the natural populations of the two species. The earliest phase of the speciation event in which the genomes of A. thaliana and A. suecica are in the process of diverging was investigated using population genetic methods. Evolutionary and demographic hypotheses were tested on the basis of sequence and microsatellite variation in the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. It was shown that the maternally inherited chloroplast originated in all investigated A. suecica individuals from A. thaliana, identifying A. thaliana as A. suecica's maternal parent. A Bayesian multi-locus... (More)
The evolutionary history of the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica and its maternal parent Arabidopsis thaliana is analyzed in the thesis in terms of genetic variation in the natural populations of the two species. The earliest phase of the speciation event in which the genomes of A. thaliana and A. suecica are in the process of diverging was investigated using population genetic methods. Evolutionary and demographic hypotheses were tested on the basis of sequence and microsatellite variation in the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. It was shown that the maternally inherited chloroplast originated in all investigated A. suecica individuals from A. thaliana, identifying A. thaliana as A. suecica's maternal parent. A Bayesian multi-locus method based on coalescent theory was developed to infer the evolutionary history of polyploids in general and specifically of A. suecica. It provides a rigorous statistical framework allowing the confidence in one's conclusions to be quantified. The origins of allopolyploid species, in contrast to those of most species, can be considered to be well defined discrete events. Both the nuclear and the chloroplast genome of A. suecica were shown to have a single origin, implying there to be a single origin for the entire species. Its origin was estimated to have been 10 thousand to 65 thousand years ago.



The A. thaliana and the A. suecica populations were shown to both be genetically structured, although the A. thaliana population, unlike the A. suecica population, clearly was geographically structured too. A. suecica and A. thaliana were also found to differ in terms of Linkage Disequilibrium, it extends further and the levels are higher in A. suecica than in A. thaliana. These findings showed that a species of recent, single origin has quite different patterns of genetic variation than of more distant origin.



In the first genome-wide study ever of sequence polymorphisms in a eukaryote organism, here A. thaliana, it was found that the data failed to fit standard neutral models. This means that attempts to infer natural selection on the basis of polymorphism data will require genome-wide surveys of polymorphism in order to identify regions that are anomalous.



Certain theoretical models of microsatellite evolution were shown to fit the distribution of mononucleotide microsatellites in the A. thaliana genome. These models were also able to predicted empirical levels of microsatellite variation in the A. thaliana chloroplast genome.



This thesis is based on the following papers:



I. Säll, T., Jakobsson, M., Lind-Halldén, C. & Halldén, C. (2003) Chloroplast DNA indicates a single origin of the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica. J. Evol. Biol. 16: 1019 1029.



II. Jakobsson, M., Säll, T., Lind-Halldén, C. & Halldén, C. The evolutionary history of the common chloroplast genome of Arabidopsis thaliana and A. suecica. (Submitted).



III. Jakobsson, M., Hagenblad, J., Tavaré, S., Nordborg, M., Halldén, C., Säll, T. & Lind-Halldén, C. A recent unique origin of the allotetraploid species Arabidopsis suecica evidence from nuclear DNA markers. (Manuscript).



IV. Jakobsson, M., Säll, T., Halldén, C. & Lind-Halldén, C. Genome evolution in progress: Linkage disequilibrium and population structure in Arabidopsis suecica and A. thaliana. (Manuscript).



V. Nordborg, M., Hu, T., Ishino, Y., Jhaveri, J., Toomajian, C., Zheng, H., Tomer, E., Calabrese, P., Gladstone, J., Goyal, R., Jakobsson, M., Kim, S., Morozov, Y., Padhukasahasram, B., Plagnol, V., Rosenberg, N., A., Shah, C., Wall, J., Zhao, K., Kalbfleisch, T., Schultz, V., Kreitman, M. & Bergelson, J. (2005) The Pattern of Polymorphism in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS Biology (in Press).



VI. Jakobsson, M., Säll, T., Lind-Halldén, C. & Halldén, C. Evolution of chloroplast mononucleotide microsatellites in Arabidopsis thaliana. (Submitted). (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Popular Abstract in Swedish

Den evolutionära historia hos allotetraploida växten Arabidopsis suecica och dess maternella förälder A. thaliana studerades från ett populationsgenetiskt perspektiv. Båda arterna innehåller varsitt thaliana-genom vilka är separerade från varandra, dvs inget genflöde förekommer mellan arterna. Metoder för att dra slutsattser om polyploiders evolutionära historia utvecklades och tillämpades på polymorfidata från de båda arterna. Evolutionära och demografiska hypoteser undersöktes med hjälp av sekvens- och mikrosatellit-variation från både kärngenomet och kloroplastgenomet. Till skillnad från traditionell artbildning så är artbildning via polyploidisering en process bestående av väldefinierade... (More)
Popular Abstract in Swedish

Den evolutionära historia hos allotetraploida växten Arabidopsis suecica och dess maternella förälder A. thaliana studerades från ett populationsgenetiskt perspektiv. Båda arterna innehåller varsitt thaliana-genom vilka är separerade från varandra, dvs inget genflöde förekommer mellan arterna. Metoder för att dra slutsattser om polyploiders evolutionära historia utvecklades och tillämpades på polymorfidata från de båda arterna. Evolutionära och demografiska hypoteser undersöktes med hjälp av sekvens- och mikrosatellit-variation från både kärngenomet och kloroplastgenomet. Till skillnad från traditionell artbildning så är artbildning via polyploidisering en process bestående av väldefinierade diskreta händelser. Det visade sig att A. suecica endast har uppkommit en gång, arten har alltså ett singulärt ursprung som uppskattades till att vara mellan 10 och 65 tusen år sedan.



Den första populationsgenetiska helgenom studien av en eukaryot organism (A. thaliana) presenteras och den visar att observerade data inte följer vad som förväntas enligt populationsgenetiska neutrala modeller. Slutligen studerades mikrosatelliters generella evolutionsprinciper med fokus på kloroplastgenomet hos A. thaliana. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Prof. Savolainen, Outi, University of Oulu
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
cytogenetik, Genetik, cytogenetics, Genetics, sequence polymorphism, microsatellites, population structure, polyploidy, single origin, Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis suecica, genome evolution, evolutionary history, Plant genetics, Växtgenetik
pages
192 pages
publisher
Mattias Jakobsson, Dept. of COB, Genetics, Lund University
defense location
Genetics Lecture Hall (ground floor) Genetics building Sölvegatan 29
defense date
2005-05-27 13:15:00
ISBN
91-85067-18-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Genetics (Closed 2011) (011005100)
id
a2e25c3f-43ed-4b1c-9fad-7cf6926c1382 (old id 544855)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 11:45:26
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:06:59
@phdthesis{a2e25c3f-43ed-4b1c-9fad-7cf6926c1382,
  abstract     = {{The evolutionary history of the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica and its maternal parent Arabidopsis thaliana is analyzed in the thesis in terms of genetic variation in the natural populations of the two species. The earliest phase of the speciation event in which the genomes of A. thaliana and A. suecica are in the process of diverging was investigated using population genetic methods. Evolutionary and demographic hypotheses were tested on the basis of sequence and microsatellite variation in the nuclear and chloroplast genomes. It was shown that the maternally inherited chloroplast originated in all investigated A. suecica individuals from A. thaliana, identifying A. thaliana as A. suecica's maternal parent. A Bayesian multi-locus method based on coalescent theory was developed to infer the evolutionary history of polyploids in general and specifically of A. suecica. It provides a rigorous statistical framework allowing the confidence in one's conclusions to be quantified. The origins of allopolyploid species, in contrast to those of most species, can be considered to be well defined discrete events. Both the nuclear and the chloroplast genome of A. suecica were shown to have a single origin, implying there to be a single origin for the entire species. Its origin was estimated to have been 10 thousand to 65 thousand years ago.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
The A. thaliana and the A. suecica populations were shown to both be genetically structured, although the A. thaliana population, unlike the A. suecica population, clearly was geographically structured too. A. suecica and A. thaliana were also found to differ in terms of Linkage Disequilibrium, it extends further and the levels are higher in A. suecica than in A. thaliana. These findings showed that a species of recent, single origin has quite different patterns of genetic variation than of more distant origin.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
In the first genome-wide study ever of sequence polymorphisms in a eukaryote organism, here A. thaliana, it was found that the data failed to fit standard neutral models. This means that attempts to infer natural selection on the basis of polymorphism data will require genome-wide surveys of polymorphism in order to identify regions that are anomalous.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Certain theoretical models of microsatellite evolution were shown to fit the distribution of mononucleotide microsatellites in the A. thaliana genome. These models were also able to predicted empirical levels of microsatellite variation in the A. thaliana chloroplast genome.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
This thesis is based on the following papers:<br/><br>
<br/><br>
I. Säll, T., Jakobsson, M., Lind-Halldén, C. &amp; Halldén, C. (2003) Chloroplast DNA indicates a single origin of the allotetraploid Arabidopsis suecica. J. Evol. Biol. 16: 1019 1029.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
II. Jakobsson, M., Säll, T., Lind-Halldén, C. &amp; Halldén, C. The evolutionary history of the common chloroplast genome of Arabidopsis thaliana and A. suecica. (Submitted).<br/><br>
<br/><br>
III. Jakobsson, M., Hagenblad, J., Tavaré, S., Nordborg, M., Halldén, C., Säll, T. &amp; Lind-Halldén, C. A recent unique origin of the allotetraploid species Arabidopsis suecica evidence from nuclear DNA markers. (Manuscript).<br/><br>
<br/><br>
IV. Jakobsson, M., Säll, T., Halldén, C. &amp; Lind-Halldén, C. Genome evolution in progress: Linkage disequilibrium and population structure in Arabidopsis suecica and A. thaliana. (Manuscript).<br/><br>
<br/><br>
V. Nordborg, M., Hu, T., Ishino, Y., Jhaveri, J., Toomajian, C., Zheng, H., Tomer, E., Calabrese, P., Gladstone, J., Goyal, R., Jakobsson, M., Kim, S., Morozov, Y., Padhukasahasram, B., Plagnol, V., Rosenberg, N., A., Shah, C., Wall, J., Zhao, K., Kalbfleisch, T., Schultz, V., Kreitman, M. &amp; Bergelson, J. (2005) The Pattern of Polymorphism in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS Biology (in Press).<br/><br>
<br/><br>
VI. Jakobsson, M., Säll, T., Lind-Halldén, C. &amp; Halldén, C. Evolution of chloroplast mononucleotide microsatellites in Arabidopsis thaliana. (Submitted).}},
  author       = {{Jakobsson, Mattias}},
  isbn         = {{91-85067-18-0}},
  keywords     = {{cytogenetik; Genetik; cytogenetics; Genetics; sequence polymorphism; microsatellites; population structure; polyploidy; single origin; Arabidopsis thaliana; Arabidopsis suecica; genome evolution; evolutionary history; Plant genetics; Växtgenetik}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Mattias Jakobsson, Dept. of COB, Genetics, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Genome Divergence in Progress - a population genetic analysis of the allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica and its maternal parent A. thaliana}},
  year         = {{2005}},
}