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Path to a sustainable GEO environment: Debris environmental assessment and ITS implications on cost and benefit analysis

Takagi, Mari and Yasaka, Tetsuo (2003) 54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law 2. p.1299-1307
Abstract
This paper conducts an economical evaluation of the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) under different proposed mitigation measures, including new legal standards, such as a lower satellite explosion rate and restrictions on the number of launches. The computer model, GEO-EVOL<sup>1 and 2</sup>, was used to run different mitigation scenarios. The simulation result shows that the re-orbit maneuvering and the restriction of satellite explosions to the rate of 4*10<sup>-6</sup> are one of the most cost effective measures and indispensable for a sustainable GEO environment over the long term. As for the economical valuation, the lower discount rate ( less than or equal 6%) should be used to correspond with the increasing... (More)
This paper conducts an economical evaluation of the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) under different proposed mitigation measures, including new legal standards, such as a lower satellite explosion rate and restrictions on the number of launches. The computer model, GEO-EVOL<sup>1 and 2</sup>, was used to run different mitigation scenarios. The simulation result shows that the re-orbit maneuvering and the restriction of satellite explosions to the rate of 4*10<sup>-6</sup> are one of the most cost effective measures and indispensable for a sustainable GEO environment over the long term. As for the economical valuation, the lower discount rate ( less than or equal 6%) should be used to correspond with the increasing threats of space debris in the GEO environment, where they have no natural forces to help remove the debris. New international regulations or agreements on debris mitigation are necessary to help ensure the long-term economic benefits from the space activities in the GEO region, however this will not be an easy path. Possible steps to reach a long-term sustainable GEO environment from the given results of this study are also discussed. Copyright (Less)
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author
and
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO), Mitigation measures, Legal standards, Debris mitigation
host publication
54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law
volume
2
pages
1299 - 1307
publisher
International Astronautical Federation
conference name
54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law
conference location
Bremen, Germany
conference dates
2003-09-29 - 2003-10-03
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
da889b3e-d3db-4f25-a430-1b7b5bf47453 (old id 612420)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 10:11:15
date last changed
2021-02-18 17:52:48
@inproceedings{da889b3e-d3db-4f25-a430-1b7b5bf47453,
  abstract     = {{This paper conducts an economical evaluation of the geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) under different proposed mitigation measures, including new legal standards, such as a lower satellite explosion rate and restrictions on the number of launches. The computer model, GEO-EVOL&lt;sup&gt;1 and 2&lt;/sup&gt;, was used to run different mitigation scenarios. The simulation result shows that the re-orbit maneuvering and the restriction of satellite explosions to the rate of 4*10&lt;sup&gt;-6&lt;/sup&gt; are one of the most cost effective measures and indispensable for a sustainable GEO environment over the long term. As for the economical valuation, the lower discount rate ( less than or equal 6%) should be used to correspond with the increasing threats of space debris in the GEO environment, where they have no natural forces to help remove the debris. New international regulations or agreements on debris mitigation are necessary to help ensure the long-term economic benefits from the space activities in the GEO region, however this will not be an easy path. Possible steps to reach a long-term sustainable GEO environment from the given results of this study are also discussed. Copyright}},
  author       = {{Takagi, Mari and Yasaka, Tetsuo}},
  booktitle    = {{54th International Astronautical Congress of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law}},
  keywords     = {{Geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO); Mitigation measures; Legal standards; Debris mitigation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{1299--1307}},
  publisher    = {{International Astronautical Federation}},
  title        = {{Path to a sustainable GEO environment: Debris environmental assessment and ITS implications on cost and benefit analysis}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2003}},
}