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<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre type="originalArticle">journalArticle</genre> <titleInfo> <title>Context, image and the case of the Shahbag movement</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <note type="peerReviewed">yes</note> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Sanchari</namePart> <namePart type="family">De</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>4ca876c1-a0e9-4461-80fe-240d692655b0</affiliation> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Department of Communication and Media</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000065</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <abstract lang="eng">&lt;p&gt;This research discusses the importance of a photograph of an accused war criminal, Abdul Kader Molla, during the period immediately before the emergence of the Shahbag movement in Bangladesh. The image captures Kader Molla flashing a V sign, and it was taken in the moments after he had been sentenced to life imprisonment by the International Crimes Tribunal in Bangladesh in 2013. After Kader Molla’s punishment was revised to a death sentence, a number of images were circulated online of protesters flashing the same V sign. All these moments pose a key question which this research seeks to answer: How does this image of Kader Molla signify a crucial point of reference for the mobilisation of the Shahbag movement? To provide an answer, this paper discusses a historical context of the tensions between people and the state in Bangladesh and how personalised memory can make such tensions visible.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/ab222fb3-63d9-482e-981f-483861cac124</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <publisher>Routledge</publisher> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2015-10-02</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>cultural struggle</topic> <topic>image</topic> <topic>memory</topic> <topic>Shahbag movement</topic> <topic>social movement</topic> <topic>war crimes</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>Other Social Sciences</topic> <topic>Cultural Studies</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>Contemporary Social Science</title> </titleInfo> <identifier type="issn">2158-2041</identifier> <identifier type="Scopus">84987909411</identifier> <identifier type="WOS">000409454500003</identifier> <identifier type="doi">10.1080/21582041.2016.1225978</identifier> <location> <url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2016.1225978</url> </location> <accessCondition type="restrictionOnAccess">yes</accessCondition> <part> <detail type="volume"> <number>10</number> </detail> <detail type="issue"> <number>4</number> </detail> <extent unit="pages"> <start>364</start> <end>374</end> <total>11</total> </extent> </part> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="link"> <location> <url>https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84987909411</url> </location> </relatedItem> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>ab222fb3-63d9-482e-981f-483861cac124</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2016-11-04T13:07:48+01:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2026-03-23T07:51:49+01:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2016-11-04T13:07:48+01:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>2</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre>newspaper article</genre> <titleInfo> <title>Criminals and Justifiers.</title> </titleInfo> <titleInfo type="alternative"> <title>مجرمون ومبررون</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <targetAudience>general</targetAudience> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Mohammed</namePart> <namePart type="family">Almahfali</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>a0b6d571-ed0c-4995-8303-73a240cf552e</affiliation> </name> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/15481595-5020-4386-bc2f-c3c87c496dca</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2016-09-26</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">ara</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>war crimes</topic> <topic>Yemen Civil War</topic> <topic>Media</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>Humanities and the Arts</topic> <topic>Social Sciences</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>Al- Arabi Website</title> </titleInfo> <part> </part> </relatedItem> <note type="nonLu">yes</note> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>15481595-5020-4386-bc2f-c3c87c496dca</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2017-08-11T18:41:04+02:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-04-04T13:59:51+02:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2017-08-11T18:41:04+02:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>3</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre>book</genre> <titleInfo> <title>War Crimes : Causes, Excuses, and Blame</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <note type="peerReviewed">yes</note> <authorCount>2</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Matthew</namePart> <namePart type="family">Talbert</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>c5b3da9e-b4ca-466b-807c-4b06c484394a</affiliation> </name> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Jessica</namePart> <namePart type="family">Wolfendale</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Practical Philosophy</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000051</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>LGRP - Lund Gothenburg Responsibility Project</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">project</roleTerm> </role> </name> <abstract lang="eng">In 2005, US Marines killed 24 unarmed Iraqi civilians in the town of Haditha, including several children. How should we assess the perpetrators of this and other war crimes? Is it unfair to blame the Marines because they were subject to situational pressures such as combat stress (and had lost one of their own in combat)? Or should they be held responsible for their actions, since they intentionally chose to kill civilians? &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;In this book, Matthew Talbert and Jessica Wolfendale take up these moral questions and propose an original theory of the causes of war crimes and the responsibility of war crimes perpetrators. In the first half of the book, they challenge accounts that explain war crimes by reference to the situational pressures endured by military personnel, including peer pressure, combat stress, and propaganda. The authors propose an alternative theory that explains how military personnel make sense of their participation in war crimes through their self-conceptions, goals, and values. In the second half of the book, the authors consider and reject theories of responsibility that excuse perpetrators on the grounds that situational pressures often encourage them to believe that their behavior is permissible. Such theories of responsibility are unacceptably exculpatory, implying it is unreasonable for victims of war crimes to blame their attackers. By contrast, Talbert and Wolfendale argue that perpetrators of war crimes may be blameworthy if their actions express objectionable attitudes towards their victims, even if they sincerely believe that what they are doing is right.</abstract> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/c2291c1e-251d-4841-8882-8de9ff412ef0</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2019-01-03</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>war crimes</topic> <topic>Moral responsibility</topic> <topic>Moral psychology</topic> <topic>situationism</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>Philosophy</topic> <topic>Ethics</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <identifier type="isbn">9780190675875</identifier> <identifier type="isbn">9780190675882</identifier> <identifier type="isbn">9780190675899</identifier> <identifier type="isbn">9780190675905</identifier> <identifier type="doi">10.1093/oso/9780190675875.001.0001</identifier> <location> <url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190675875.001.0001</url> </location> <accessCondition type="restrictionOnAccess">yes</accessCondition> <part> <extent unit="pages"> <total>184</total> </extent> </part> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="link"> <location> <url>https://global.oup.com/academic/product/war-crimes-9780190675875?cc=se&amp;lang=en&amp;#</url> </location> </relatedItem> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>c2291c1e-251d-4841-8882-8de9ff412ef0</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2019-01-30T15:23:05+01:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-04-04T13:52:05+02:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2019-01-30T15:23:05+01:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>4</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre type="popular">journalArticle</genre> <titleInfo> <title>Krisposeringarna - analys</title> </titleInfo> <titleInfo type="alternative"> <title>War posing - analysis</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Jessica</namePart> <namePart type="family">Almqvist</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>560c72e5-b97f-4c2b-9971-a3100d9f567d</affiliation> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Public International Law</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1001524</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Department of Law</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000142</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Public International Law</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">research group</roleTerm> </role> </name> <abstract lang="swe">Personer som deltar i en väpnad konflikt och som i samband med konflikten poserar på bild eller film intill stympade eller kränkta människokroppar kan lagföras för krigsförbrytelse i Sverige. Enligt Högsta domstolens avgörande 2021-05-05, mål nr B 5595-19. utgör en sådan handling en allvarlig kränkning av de dödas personliga värdighet som är straffbelagt med fängelse. Artikeln analyserar fallet.</abstract> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/34585aa9-f757-4419-a2a0-02a3e71b63fa</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2021-07-09</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">swe</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>Public international law</topic> <topic>War crimes</topic> <topic>Folkrätt</topic> <topic>Krigsbrott</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>Law</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>JP Infonet</title> </titleInfo> <part> </part> </relatedItem> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>34585aa9-f757-4419-a2a0-02a3e71b63fa</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2021-08-11T17:52:08+02:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-04-04T15:05:35+02:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2021-08-11T17:52:08+02:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>5</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre type="popular">journalArticle</genre> <titleInfo> <title>Russia’s denial of responsibility for atrocities in Bucha recalls 50 years of lies over the Katyn massacre</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <targetAudience>general</targetAudience> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Tomas</namePart> <namePart type="family">Sniegon</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>023a2d39-cfea-4354-8404-ed1260daa0f6</affiliation> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>European Studies</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000133</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Central and Eastern European Studies</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000136</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/7593baf4-9a83-4584-b3d5-a88929b75159</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2022-04-06</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>Katyn</topic> <topic>Stalinism</topic> <topic>Soviet history</topic> <topic>Russia-Ukraine conflict</topic> <topic>Bucha</topic> <topic>Soviet Union (USSR)</topic> <topic>Russia</topic> <topic>Poland</topic> <topic>World War II</topic> <topic>War crimes</topic> <topic>Nikita Kruschev</topic> <topic>Nuremberg trials</topic> <topic>Stalin</topic> <topic>Ukraine invasion 2022</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>History</topic> <topic>Political Science</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <location> <url>https://theconversation.com/russias-denial-of-responsibility-for-atrocities-in-bucha-recalls-50-years-of-lies-over-the-katyn-massacre-180800</url> </location> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>The Conversation</title> </titleInfo> <identifier type="issn">2201-5639</identifier> <part> </part> </relatedItem> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>7593baf4-9a83-4584-b3d5-a88929b75159</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2022-04-06T21:31:08+02:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-04-04T15:27:15+02:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2022-04-06T21:31:08+02:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>6</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre type="originalArticle">journalArticle</genre> <titleInfo> <title>“Benderites,” &quot;UkroNazis&quot; and &quot;Rashizm&quot; : Studying the Historical Ukrainian Far Right in Times of Disinformation and Hybrid Warfare</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <note type="peerReviewed">yes</note> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Per Anders</namePart> <namePart type="family">Rudling</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>422190d4-77d1-4d0a-ae16-7fae287c9269</affiliation> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>History</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000057</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/10e79e6f-3518-49f1-ba54-1ba92d18c074</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <publisher>Ibidem-Verlag</publisher> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2024</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>Russo–Ukrainian war</topic> <topic>Russian Federation</topic> <topic>Russian historical culture</topic> <topic>war crimes</topic> <topic>Politics of Memory</topic> <topic>Putinism</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>History</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <location> <url>https://www.ibidem.eu/en/Topics/Social-Sciences/Journal-of-Soviet-and-Post-Soviet-Politics-and-Society-Paperback-oxid.html</url> </location> <accessCondition type="restrictionOnAccess">yes</accessCondition> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>Journal of Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society</title> </titleInfo> <identifier type="issn">2364-5334</identifier> <part> <detail type="volume"> <number>9</number> </detail> <detail type="issue"> <number>2</number> </detail> <extent unit="pages"> <start>11</start> <end>62</end> <total>52</total> </extent> </part> </relatedItem> <note type="additionalInfo">ISBN: 978-3-8382-1926-4</note> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>10e79e6f-3518-49f1-ba54-1ba92d18c074</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2023-08-24T10:43:07+02:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-04-04T14:59:00+02:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2023-08-24T10:43:07+02:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>7</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre type="originalArticle">journalArticle</genre> <titleInfo> <title>The Milanković Case: Do Convictions Based on Rules of Customary International Law Violate Article 7 of the Convention?</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <note type="peerReviewed">yes</note> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Nicole</namePart> <namePart type="family">Citeroni</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>325759d6-c8dd-41be-ad5e-fcc49361ef7b</affiliation> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>Department of Law</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000142</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <abstract lang="eng">In the Milanković judgment, the First Section of the European Court of Human Rights was called upon to assess whether the applicant’s criminal convictions based on the doctrine of command responsibility violated the principle of legality laid down in art. 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The Court answered in the negative, finding itself in line with the jurisprudence of the ad hoc criminal tribunals, which had repeatedly emphasised the customary nature of the doctrine of command responsibility, regardless of both the type of conflict during which the alleged crimes were committed and the military or civilian status of the superior. As a guarantor of fundamental human rights, the Court therefore concluded that criminal convictions based on the doctrine of command responsibility, and thus on a rule of customary international law, should not be considered in violation of the principle of legality, provided that this rule was accessible and foreseeable by the accused at the time of the crime, as in the Milanković case. The legal reasoning followed by the Court to reach this conclusion is examined in this article, which also reflects on the Court’s role in harmonising and consolidating principles of international law.</abstract> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/21b1c0c4-a25c-43ca-803b-c657077fd022</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <publisher>Editoriale Scientifica</publisher> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2022</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>Command responsibility</topic> <topic>war crimes</topic> <topic>customary international law</topic> <topic>principle of legality</topic> <topic>foreseeability</topic> <topic>accessibility</topic> <topic>Mänskliga rättigheter</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>Law</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <location> <url>https://editorialescientifica.it/prodotto/quaderni-di-sidi-blog-fasc-2021-9/</url> </location> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>Quaderni di SIDI Blog</title> </titleInfo> <identifier type="issn">2465-0927</identifier> <part> <detail type="volume"> <number>9</number> </detail> <extent unit="pages"> <start>387</start> <end>401</end> <total>15</total> </extent> </part> </relatedItem> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>21b1c0c4-a25c-43ca-803b-c657077fd022</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2024-06-01T15:41:31+02:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-04-04T14:32:29+02:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2024-06-01T15:41:31+02:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>8</recordPosition></record>
<record><recordSchema>info:srw/schema/1/mods-v3.3</recordSchema><recordPacking>xml</recordPacking><recordData><mods version="3.3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-3.xsd"> <genre type="originalArticle">journalArticle</genre> <titleInfo> <title>The Waffen-SS Man in the Gallery : The Yaroslav Hunka Scandal and Canada&apos;s Undigested Past</title> </titleInfo> <note type="publicationStatus">published</note> <note type="peerReviewed">yes</note> <authorCount>1</authorCount> <name type="personal"> <namePart type="given">Per A.</namePart> <namePart type="family">Rudling</namePart> <role> <roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm> </role> <affiliation>422190d4-77d1-4d0a-ae16-7fae287c9269</affiliation> </name> <name type="corporate"> <namePart>History</namePart> <identifier type="lucatorg">v1000057</identifier> <role> <roleTerm type="text">department</roleTerm> </role> </name> <abstract lang="eng">In September 2023, in the Canadian House of Commons, the Speaker of the House introduced the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, to a 98 year old Ukrainian Waffen-SS veteran named Yaroslav Hunka, who was introduced as a “Canadian and Ukrainian hero” and given two standing ovations from the floor. This incident developed into an international political scandal and resulted in the resignation of the Speaker of the House. The scandal re-opened the painful subject of Canada’s legacy of allowing thousands of Nazi collaborators into the country. This article evaluates this controversy within the context of normative Canadian multiculturalism, which has stimulated and facilitated a multi-generational cult of Waffen-SS veneration in the Ukrainian Canadian community. Its powerful lobby has mobilized significant resources to prevent access to key sources that would allow for a candid engagement with this difficult past. In November 2024, the Canadian government reaffirmed its denial of access to crucial archival collections pertaining to war criminals living in Canada. However, in 2025, scholars uncovered the Deschênes Commission’s list of 776 alleged war criminals, released in an access to information and privacy request in 2019. This discovery—in combination with work in archives in countries with more archival transparency, such as the United States, Israel, Ukraine, and Lithuania—has now provided an opportunity for independent, critical analysis of Canada’s treatment of alleged war criminals.</abstract> <abstract lang="swe">In September 2023, in the Canadian House of Commons, the Speaker of the&lt;br/&gt;House introduced the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, to a 98 year&lt;br/&gt;old Ukrainian Waffen-SS veteran named Yaroslav Hunka, who was intro-&lt;br/&gt;duced as a “Canadian and Ukrainian hero” and given two standing ova-&lt;br/&gt;tions from the floor. This incident developed into an international political&lt;br/&gt;scandal and resulted in the resignation of the Speaker of the House. The scan-&lt;br/&gt;dal re-opened the painful subject of Canada’s legacy of allowing thousands&lt;br/&gt;of Nazi collaborators into the country. This article evaluates this controversy&lt;br/&gt;within the context of normative Canadian multiculturalism, which has stim-&lt;br/&gt;ulated and facilitated a multi-generational cult of Waffen-SS veneration in&lt;br/&gt;the Ukrainian Canadian community. Its powerful lobby has mobilized signif-&lt;br/&gt;icant resources to prevent access to key sources that would allow for a candid&lt;br/&gt;engagement with this difficult past. In November 2024, the Canadian gov-&lt;br/&gt;ernment reaffirmed its denial of access to crucial archival collections pertain-&lt;br/&gt;ing to war criminals living in Canada. However, in 2025, scholars uncovered&lt;br/&gt;the Deschênes Commission’s list of 776 alleged war criminals, released in an&lt;br/&gt;access to information and privacy request in 2019. This discovery—in combi-&lt;br/&gt;nation with work in archives in countries with more archival transparency,&lt;br/&gt;such as the United States, Israel, Ukraine, and Lithuania—has now provided&lt;br/&gt;an opportunity for independent, critical analysis of Canada’s treatment of&lt;br/&gt;alleged war criminals.</abstract> <relatedItem type="constituent"> <location> <url displayLabel="Portal Link">https://portal.research.lu.se/en/publications/4ad62be6-df00-4007-97a5-de00741a7d9f</url> </location> </relatedItem> <originInfo> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2025-10-14</dateIssued> </originInfo> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <subject> <topic>Waffen-SS</topic> <topic>War crimes</topic> <topic>Memory politics</topic> <topic>Canada</topic> <topic>Multiculturalism</topic> <topic>Ukrainian Canadian Congress</topic> <topic>Holocaust revisionism</topic> <topic>Waffen-SS Galizien</topic> <topic>Yaroslav Hunka</topic> <topic>War Crimes</topic> <topic>Ukrainian Canadian Congress</topic> <topic>Canada</topic> <topic>Identity politics</topic> <topic>Deschênes Commission</topic> <topic>Holocaust revisionism</topic> <topic>Multiculturalism</topic> <topic>Archival politics</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lup"> <topic>History</topic> </subject> <relatedItem type="host"> <location> <url>https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/3/article/971491</url> </location> <accessCondition type="restrictionOnAccess">yes</accessCondition> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>Antisemitism Studies</title> </titleInfo> <identifier type="issn">2474-1817</identifier> <identifier type="doi">10.2979/ast.00063</identifier> <location> <url>http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ast.00063</url> </location> <part> <detail type="volume"> <number>9</number> </detail> <detail type="issue"> <number>2</number> </detail> <extent unit="pages"> <start>302</start> <end>355</end> <total>54</total> </extent> </part> </relatedItem> <recordInfo> <recordIdentifier>4ad62be6-df00-4007-97a5-de00741a7d9f</recordIdentifier> <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-10-15T10:58:21+02:00</recordCreationDate> <recordChangeDate encoding="w3cdtf">2025-12-10T08:31:08+01:00</recordChangeDate> <recordDateApproved encoding="w3cdtf">2025-10-15T10:58:21+02:00</recordDateApproved> </recordInfo> </mods></recordData><recordPosition>9</recordPosition></record>
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