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Ensidiga och ömsesidiga dispositioner - om parternas möjligheter att påverka rättstillämpningen i dispositiva tvistemål

Lindbom, Oskar LU (2014) LAGF03 20141
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Civilprocessrättens systematik bygger till stor del på rättsliga principer. Två av dessa är jura novit curia och dispositionsprincipen. Principerna, som i några fall kommer till uttryck i lag, ger domstolen respektive parterna kontroll över olika delar av processen. Enligt jura novit curia har domstolen ensam rätt och plikt att tillämpa korrekta rättsregler på materialet som presenteras av parterna. Parterna å sin sida har rätt att bestämma vilket material de presenterar, en följd av dispositionsprincipen.
Traditionellt har denna uppdelning ansetts klar, men vissa möjligheter för parterna att kontrollera rättstillämpningen har förelegat. Detta i form av de erkännanden som binder domstolen vid en viss rättslig kvalificering och som... (More)
Civilprocessrättens systematik bygger till stor del på rättsliga principer. Två av dessa är jura novit curia och dispositionsprincipen. Principerna, som i några fall kommer till uttryck i lag, ger domstolen respektive parterna kontroll över olika delar av processen. Enligt jura novit curia har domstolen ensam rätt och plikt att tillämpa korrekta rättsregler på materialet som presenteras av parterna. Parterna å sin sida har rätt att bestämma vilket material de presenterar, en följd av dispositionsprincipen.
Traditionellt har denna uppdelning ansetts klar, men vissa möjligheter för parterna att kontrollera rättstillämpningen har förelegat. Detta i form av de erkännanden som binder domstolen vid en viss rättslig kvalificering och som därigenom får funktion som ett dispositionsmedel över rättstillämpningen. Samtidigt har partsgemensamm¬a överenskommelser, i form av avtal om rättstillämpningen, ansetts ogiltiga och icke-bindande för domstolen. Denna har alltså haft att, oaktat parternas åsikter, tillämpa gällande rätt på det presenterade materialet.
I uppsatsen konstateras att grunden för att ett erkännande av rättsfaktas rättsliga betydelse är bindande inte är klar, och att idén utgör en doktrinär konstruktion. Det finns ytterst få rättsfall som ger någon belysning. Det framkommer vidare att det inte är självklart att dessa dispositioner ska behandlas annorlunda än partsgemensamma överenskommelser. Båda former av dispositioner innebär inskränkningar av jura novit curia och den enda klara skillnaden dem emellan är att ett rättstillämpningsavtal mellan parterna skulle kunna binda en part mot dess vilja i en process. Den andra formen av disposition förutsätter å sin sida att parterna agerar i enighet inför domstolen.
Även om något klart svar om giltigheten för dessa erkännanden, eller om varför en partsgemensam överenskommelse med i stort sett identiska verkningar är ogiltig, inte kan ges finns det flera skäl för att man borde behandla dessa former av dispositioner likvärdigt när båda parter vill upprätthålla dem i en konkret tvist. (Less)
Abstract
The systematics of Swedish civil procedural law is affected by legal principles. Two of these are the principle of disposition and the principle of jura novit curia. The principles divide responsibilities in the proceedings between the parties on one hand and the court on the other. According to the principle of jura novit curia the court has an exclusive duty and right to apply the correct law on the material presented by the parties. The parties in their turn have the exclusive right to present what material they see fit, a feature of the principle of disposition.
Traditionally the parties are considered to have no possibility to dispose of the application of law in a process. One exception exists though. Through an admittance of the... (More)
The systematics of Swedish civil procedural law is affected by legal principles. Two of these are the principle of disposition and the principle of jura novit curia. The principles divide responsibilities in the proceedings between the parties on one hand and the court on the other. According to the principle of jura novit curia the court has an exclusive duty and right to apply the correct law on the material presented by the parties. The parties in their turn have the exclusive right to present what material they see fit, a feature of the principle of disposition.
Traditionally the parties are considered to have no possibility to dispose of the application of law in a process. One exception exists though. Through an admittance of the legal consequences of a dispositive fact in a process a party can force the court to accept that legal consequence, sometimes against its better knowing. This way the parties can dispose of the applicable law and control the legal aspect of the litigation. As a contrast, agreements or contracts between the parties concerning the application of law are considered void and the court shall ignore them in its ruling.
The grounds for the accepted way of disposing of the application of law are unclear, and the concept is a product of legal scholars rather than written or case law. Furthermore, the distinction between these dispositions and the party agreements are in some cases unclear, and the difference in their effects is not completely rational. Both methods are derogations of jura novit curia, and the only clear difference is that an agreement could be upheld against a party’s will, while the other is based on consent between the parties before the court.
Even though the questions of the effect of admittance of legal consequences, and of the differing treatment of a party agreement with the same function, are unfortunately left unsolved, there are multiple reasons for treating these dispositions equally when upheld by the parties before the court. (Less)
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author
Lindbom, Oskar LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20141
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Processrätt, civil procedure, dispositionsprincipen, jura novit curia
language
Swedish
id
4449345
date added to LUP
2014-06-17 13:48:52
date last changed
2014-06-17 13:48:52
@misc{4449345,
  abstract     = {{The systematics of Swedish civil procedural law is affected by legal principles. Two of these are the principle of disposition and the principle of jura novit curia. The principles divide responsibilities in the proceedings between the parties on one hand and the court on the other. According to the principle of jura novit curia the court has an exclusive duty and right to apply the correct law on the material presented by the parties. The parties in their turn have the exclusive right to present what material they see fit, a feature of the principle of disposition. 
 Traditionally the parties are considered to have no possibility to dispose of the application of law in a process. One exception exists though. Through an admittance of the legal consequences of a dispositive fact in a process a party can force the court to accept that legal consequence, sometimes against its better knowing. This way the parties can dispose of the applicable law and control the legal aspect of the litigation. As a contrast, agreements or contracts between the parties concerning the application of law are considered void and the court shall ignore them in its ruling. 
 The grounds for the accepted way of disposing of the application of law are unclear, and the concept is a product of legal scholars rather than written or case law. Furthermore, the distinction between these dispositions and the party agreements are in some cases unclear, and the difference in their effects is not completely rational. Both methods are derogations of jura novit curia, and the only clear difference is that an agreement could be upheld against a party’s will, while the other is based on consent between the parties before the court.
 Even though the questions of the effect of admittance of legal consequences, and of the differing treatment of a party agreement with the same function, are unfortunately left unsolved, there are multiple reasons for treating these dispositions equally when upheld by the parties before the court.}},
  author       = {{Lindbom, Oskar}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Ensidiga och ömsesidiga dispositioner - om parternas möjligheter att påverka rättstillämpningen i dispositiva tvistemål}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}