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oai:lup.lub.lu.se:e5a004fe-cc6b-4ba8-8f81-b6e2a1c5df3d 2025-07-28T19:30:29Z allFtxt allFtxt thesis thesis:ftxt thesis:doccomp thesis:doccomp:ftxt

Gestational diabetes mellitus – prevalence in southern Sweden and risk factors for subsequent diabetes https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/7953385 urn:isbn:9789176191620 https://portal.research.lu.se/files/4008551/7964727.pdf Ignell, Claes Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with risks during pregnancy, during delivery, and in later life with a substantial risk of subsequent diabetes. The worldwide prevalence of GDM is increasing, but varies with differences in diagnostic methods and population characteristics. Results: Capillary glucose concentrations were found to be higher than venous glucose concentrations during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after pregnancy (n = 55). Equivalence values for capillary glucose concentrations tended to be higher than those proposed by the WHO, but diagnostic disagreements mainly occurred close to the diagnostic cut-off limits. In southern Sweden, defining GDM as a 2-h capillary plasma glucose concentration of ≥ 10.0 mmol/L during a universal 75-g OGTT, there was a 35% increase in GDM prevalence (p < 0.001) from 2003 (1.9%) to 2012 (2.6%) when assessed in a log-linear Poisson model during a period with stable diagnostic procedures. 1–2 years after pregnancy with GDM (n = 456), the increased frequency of diabetes in non-European women (17% vs. 4% in European women, p < 0.001) was associated with increased insulin resistance―related to higher body mass index (BMI) in Arab women, and higher insulin resistance relative to BMI in Asian women. In logistic regression analysis, diabetes 5 years after GDM was associated with higher BMI at follow-up, non-European ethnicity, and higher OGTT 2-h glucose concentration in pregnancy (p < 0.0001). A prediction model based on these variables resulting in 86% correct classifications (n = 200), with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.91 (95% CI 0.86–0.95), was used in a function-sheet line diagram illustrating the individual effect of weight on diabetes risk. Conclusions: Interconversion of results from capillary sampling and venous sampling is associated with uncertainty, but it may be suitable when translating results on a group basis. The prevalence of GDM in southern Sweden was 2.6% in 2012, with an upward trend. In women with GDM, insulin resistance was associated with subsequent diabetes, predicted by BMI, non-European ethnicity, and glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine prognosis insulin resistance insulin secretion ethnic groups sampling diabetes cohort studies prevalence oral glucose tolerance test Gestational diabetes eng Lund University Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series; 2015:83 (2015) ISSN: 1652-8220 Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University 2015 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess thesis/doccomp info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis text application/pdf