Lund University Publications
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Lund University Lund University Publications2000-01-01T00:00+00:001dailyMultipotent Adult Progenitor Cells Suppress T Cell Activation in In Vivo Models of Homeostatic Proliferation in a Prostaglandin E2-Dependent Manner
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/5d090628-dda2-4a47-8217-c3d856c44b89
Carty, FionaCorbett, Jennifer MCunha, João Paulo M C MReading, James LTree, Timothy I MTing, Anthony EStubblefield, Samantha REnglish, Karen2018Lymphodepletion strategies are used in the setting of transplantation (including bone marrow, hematopoietic cell, and solid organ) to create space or to prevent allograft rejection and graft versus host disease. Following lymphodepletion, there is an excess of IL-7 available, and T cells that escape depletion respond to this cytokine undergoing accelerated proliferation. Moreover, this environment promotes the skew of T cells to a Th1 pro-inflammatory phenotype. Existing immunosuppressive regimens fail to control this homeostatic proliferative (HP) response, and thus the development of strategies to successfully control HP while sparing T cell reconstitution (providing a functioning immune system) represents a significant unmet need in patients requiring lymphodepletion. Multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPC®) have the capacity to control T cell proliferation and Th1 cytokine production. Herein, this study shows that MAPC cells suppressed anti-thymocyte globulin-induced cytokine production but spared T cell reconstitution in a pre-clinical model of lymphodepletion. Importantly, MAPC cells administered intraperitoneally were efficacious in suppressing interferon-γ production and in promoting the expansion of regulatory T cells in the lymph nodes. MAPC cells administered intraperitoneally accumulated in the omentum but were not present in the spleen suggesting a role for soluble factors. MAPC cells suppressed lymphopenia-induced cytokine production in a prostaglandin E2-dependent manner. This study suggests that MAPC cell therapy may be useful as a novel strategy to target lymphopenia-induced pathogenic T cell responses in lymphodepleted patients.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/5d090628-dda2-4a47-8217-c3d856c44b89http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00645scopus:85045904066pmid:29740426engFrontiers in Immunology; 9, pp 1-14 (2018)ISSN: 1664-3224HematologyMultipotent Adult Progenitor Cells Suppress T Cell Activation in In Vivo Models of Homeostatic Proliferation in a Prostaglandin E2-Dependent Mannercontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletext1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 promotes tolerogenic dendritic cells with functional migratory properties in NOD mice
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/9f6f7f7d-b415-451c-b487-39b386b95fde
Ferreira, Gabriela BGysemans, Conny ADemengeot, Jocelyneda Cunha, João Paulo M C MVanherwegen, An-SofieOverbergh, LutVan Belle, Tom LPauwels, FemkeVerstuyf, AnnemiekeKorf, HannelieMathieu, Chantal2014-05-01The biologically active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], is able to promote the generation of tolerogenic mature dendritic cells (mDCs) with an impaired ability to activate autoreactive T cells. These cells could represent a reliable tool for the promotion or restoration of Ag-specific tolerance through vaccination strategies, for example in type 1 diabetes patients. However, successful transfer of 1,25(OH)2D3-treated mDCs (1,25D3-mDCs) depends on the capacity of 1,25(OH)2D3 to imprint a similar tolerogenic profile in cells derived from diabetes-prone donors as from diabetes-resistant donors. In this study, we examined the impact of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the function and phenotype of mDCs originating from healthy (C57BL/6) and diabetes-prone (NOD) mice. We show that 1,25(OH)2D3 is able to imprint a phenotypic tolerogenic profile on DCs derived from both mouse strains. Both NOD- and C57BL/6-derived 1,25D3-mDCs decreased the proliferation and activation of autoreactive T cells in vitro, despite strain differences in the regulation of cytokine/chemokine expression. In addition, 1,25D3-mDCs from diabetes-prone mice expanded CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells and induced intracellular IL-10 production by T cells in vitro. Furthermore, 1,25D3-mDCs exhibited an intact functional migratory capacity in vivo that favors homing to the liver and pancreas of adult NOD mice. More importantly, when cotransferred with activated CD4(+) T cells into NOD.SCID recipients, 1,25D3-mDCs potently dampened the proliferation of autoreactive donor T cells in the pancreatic draining lymph nodes. Altogether, these results argue for the potential of 1,25D3-mDCs to restore Ag-specific immune tolerance and arrest autoimmune disease progression in vivo.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/9f6f7f7d-b415-451c-b487-39b386b95fdehttp://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1302350scopus:84899562215pmid:24663679engJournal of immunology; 192(9), pp 4210-4220 (2014)ISSN: 1550-6606Immunology in the medical areaAnimalsChemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effectsDendritic Cells/cytologyFlow CytometryFluorescent Antibody TechniqueImmune Tolerance/drug effectsLymphocyte Activation/drug effectsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Inbred NODMice, TransgenicPhenotypeReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionVitamin D/analogs & derivatives1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 promotes tolerogenic dendritic cells with functional migratory properties in NOD micecontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextVal av inhalator är av stor vikt vid behandling av astma och KOL
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/e4ae918c-105b-45b5-92da-af59a968173e
Larsson, KjellBjermer, LeifSvartengren, Magnus2019There are three main types of inhalers, dry powder inhalers (DPI, single and multidose), metered dose inhalers (pMDI, spray, suspension and solution), and soft mist (SMI). There are major differences in inhalation technique and handling of the different inhaler types. Different inhalers are well suited for different patients and the choice of inhaler may be crucial for the treatment outcome. It is frequently observed that patients have poor inhaler technique and the use of different inhalers, in particular inhaler types, in the same patient increases the risk of handling errors. Careful instructions and follow up on inhaler technique at every visit to the health care center is of utmost importance. In treatment failure, change of inhaler may be considered before change of drugs or dosing. Change of inhaler as a result of a telephone prescriptions is unacceptable and must not happen.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/e4ae918c-105b-45b5-92da-af59a968173epmid:30720857scopus:85061028352sweLäkartidningen; 116 (2019)ISSN: 0023-7205Respiratory Medicine and AllergyVal av inhalator är av stor vikt vid behandling av astma och KOLcontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextAt similar weight loss, dietary composition determines the degree of glycemic improvement in diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/82914ec3-bb87-4e37-b048-f09162d6bf16
Vangoitsenhoven, Romanvan der Ende, MirandaCorbeels, KatrienMonteiro Carvalho Mori Cunha, João PauloLannoo, MatthiasBedossa, Pierrevan der Merwe, SchalkMertens, AnnGesquiere, InaMeulemans, AnnMatthys, ChristopheMathieu, ChantalOverbergh, LutVan der Schueren, Bart2018BACKGROUND: Achieving weight loss is the cornerstone of the treatment of the metabolic consequences of obesity, in particular of glucose intolerance.OBJECTIVE: To determine whether improvement in glucose control depends on dietary macronutrient composition of the diet at identical weight loss.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two weeks old diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice lost weight through caloric restriction on normal chow (R-NC) or high fat diet (R-HF). Control mice were fed normal chow (LEAN) or high fat diet (OBESE) ad libitum. Body weight and composition were assessed after 8 weeks of dietary intervention. Glucose homeostasis was evaluated by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT). Epididymal white adipose (eWAT) and hepatic tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR.RESULTS: By 30 weeks of age, the body weight of the mice on R-NC (31.6±1.7g, mean±SEM) and R-HF (32.3±0.9g) was similar to LEAN mice (31.9±1.4g), while OBESE mice weighed 51.7±2.4g. Glucose tolerance in R-NC was better than in LEAN mice (69% AUC IPGTT, P 0.0168) whereas R-HF mice remained significantly less glucose tolerant (125% AUC IPGTT, P 0.0279 vs LEAN), despite identical weight loss. The eWAT pads and adipocyte size were similar in LEAN and R-NC mice, while the eWAT pad size of R-HF was 180% of R-NC (P < 0.0001) and the average adipocyte size of R-HF mice was 134% of R-NC fed mice (P 0.0285). No LEAN or R-NC mice had hepatic steatosis, in contrast to 28.6% of R-HF mice. Compared to OBESE mice, inflammatory markers were lower in eWAT and liver tissue of R-NC, but not in R-HF mice. Measures of visceral adiposity correlated well with glucose tolerance parameters.CONCLUSIONS: In mice, caloric restriction on a normal chow diet improved glucose tolerance significantly more when identical weight loss was achieved on a high fat diet.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/82914ec3-bb87-4e37-b048-f09162d6bf16http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200779scopus:85051778034pmid:30036374engPLoS ONE; 13(7), pp 1-16 (2018)ISSN: 1932-6203Endocrinology and DiabetesAdipocytes/metabolismAdipose Tissue/metabolismAdipose Tissue, White/metabolismAdiposityAnimalsBlood Glucose/metabolismBody CompositionBody WeightCaloric RestrictionCalorimetryDiet, High-FatDietary Fats/metabolismEatingFatty Liver/metabolismGlucose/chemistryGlucose Intolerance/metabolismHomeostasisInflammationMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Obese/geneticsNutrients/chemistryObesity/metabolismWeight LossAt similar weight loss, dietary composition determines the degree of glycemic improvement in diet-induced obese C57BL/6 micecontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextA population-based and case-controlled study of children and adolescents with narcolepsy : Health-related quality of life, adaptive behavior and parental stress
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/43a23c9f-6767-4ef9-9a1f-53b21900898e
Szakács, AttilaChaplin, John EricTideman, PontusStrömberg, UlfNilsson, JannieDarin, NiklasHallböök, Tove2019-01-19Objective: To investigate health-related quality of life (HrQoL) and adaptive behavior in young people with narcolepsy and stress among their parents. Methods: In a cross-sectional exploratory quantitative study design, 37 young people with narcolepsy (8–20 years of age) and their parents were recruited. Thirty-one had post-H1N1 vaccination-related narcolepsy (PHV) and six had narcolepsy not related to PHV (nPHV). In addition, 40 age- and gender-matched controls (aged 5–20 years) were recruited. Results: Thirty-one patients completed the generic HrQoL questionnaire KIDSCREEN and the disease-specific NARQoL-21. HrQoL was found to be significantly diminished in all domains in the PHV group (p = 0.001) and in the School/Concentration domain (p = 0.004) in the nPHV group compared to age- and gender-matched controls. The Adaptive Behavior Assessment System was completed by parents of 32 patients. They rated their children significantly lower in the General adaptive composite (p = 0.026) and the Conceptual (p = 0.050) and Social composite scores (p = 0.001) compared with reference data on healthy Swedish children's and young people's adaptive behavior. Parents of 36 patients filled in the 36-item short form of the Parenting Stress Index questionnaire. They rated significantly higher Total stress, Parent-child dysfunctional interaction, and Difficult child scores compared with parents of controls (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Children with narcolepsy have diminished HrQoL compared with controls. Parents of children with narcolepsy experience impaired adaptive behavior in their children and high levels of parenting stress. Identifying the contributory factors is necessary, and early intervention is crucial in order to improve the HrQoL of these children and their families.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/43a23c9f-6767-4ef9-9a1f-53b21900898ehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.01.004pmid:30711365scopus:85060751395engEuropean Journal of Paediatric Neurology; 23(2), pp 288-295 (2019)ISSN: 1090-3798NeurologyPediatricsAdaptive behaviorAdolescentChildHealth-related quality of lifeNarcolepsyParenting stressA population-based and case-controlled study of children and adolescents with narcolepsy : Health-related quality of life, adaptive behavior and parental stresscontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextWhole-genome sequencing identifies complex contributions to genetic risk by variants in genes causing monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/d5fdf66f-7a3d-4321-8cc0-6de4c60d232c
Almlöf, Jonas CarlssonNystedt, SaraLeonard, DagEloranta, Maija LeenaGrosso, GiorgiaSjöwall, ChristopherBengtsson, Anders A.Jönsen, AndreasGunnarsson, IvaSvenungsson, ElisabetRönnblom, LarsSandling, Johanna K.Syvänen, Ann Christine2019Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, OMIM 152700) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a complex etiology. The mode of inheritance of the genetic risk beyond familial SLE cases is currently unknown. Additionally, the contribution of heterozygous variants in genes known to cause monogenic SLE is not fully understood. Whole-genome sequencing of DNA samples from 71 Swedish patients with SLE and their healthy biological parents was performed to investigate the general genetic risk of SLE using known SLE GWAS risk loci identified using the ImmunoChip, variants in genes associated to monogenic SLE, and the mode of inheritance of SLE risk alleles in these families. A random forest model for predicting genetic risk for SLE showed that the SLE risk variants were mainly inherited from one of the parents. In the 71 patients, we detected a significant enrichment of ultra-rare (≤ 0.1%) missense and nonsense mutations in 22 genes known to cause monogenic forms of SLE. We identified one previously reported homozygous nonsense mutation in the C1QC (Complement C1q C Chain) gene, which explains the immunodeficiency and severe SLE phenotype of that patient. We also identified seven ultra-rare, coding heterozygous variants in five genes (C1S, DNASE1L3, DNASE1, IFIH1, and RNASEH2A) involved in monogenic SLE. Our findings indicate a complex contribution to the overall genetic risk of SLE by rare variants in genes associated with monogenic forms of SLE. The rare variants were inherited from the other parent than the one who passed on the more common risk variants leading to an increased genetic burden for SLE in the child. Higher frequency SLE risk variants are mostly passed from one of the parents to the offspring affected with SLE. In contrast, the other parent, in seven cases, contributed heterozygous rare variants in genes associated with monogenic forms of SLE, suggesting a larger impact of rare variants in SLE than hitherto reported.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/d5fdf66f-7a3d-4321-8cc0-6de4c60d232chttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-018-01966-7pmid:30707351scopus:85060920722engHuman Genetics; 138(2), pp 141-150 (2019)ISSN: 0340-6717Rheumatology and AutoimmunityMedical GeneticsWhole-genome sequencing identifies complex contributions to genetic risk by variants in genes causing monogenic systemic lupus erythematosuscontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextSecond primary cancers in patients with acute lymphoblastic, chronic lymphocytic and hairy cell leukaemia
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/c03e7e0d-b4a8-435e-a3de-ce4210e4f6fe
Zheng, GuoqiaoChattopadhyay, SubhayanSud, AmitSundquist, KristinaSundquist, JanFörsti, AstaHoulston, RichardHemminki, AkseliHemminki, Kari2019-01-31Improvement of survival in lymphocytic leukaemia has been accompanied by the occurrence of second primary cancer (SPCs). Based on Swedish Family Cancer Database, we applied bi-directional analyses in which relative risks (RRs) were calculated for any SPCs in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) and the risks of these leukaemias as SPCs. After CLL, RRs were significant for 20 SPCs, and high for skin squamous cell cancer (24·58 for in situ and 7·63 for invasive), Merkel cell carcinoma (14·36), Hodgkin lymphoma (7·16) and Kaposi sarcoma (6·76). Conversely, 15 CLL cancer pairs were reciprocally increased. The increased risks were reciprocal for ALL and four cancers. RR for ALL was 15·35 after myeloid neoplasia. HCL showed reciprocally increased RRs with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and melanoma. The concordance between RRs for bi-directional associations between CLL and different cancers, and HCL and different cancers was highly significant. For CLL (also for HCL), the bi-directional risks with skin cancers and other immune-related cancers suggest the probable involvement of immune dysfunction. For ALL, treatment may contribute to risks of multiple SPCs. Increased risk of ALL after haematological neoplasms may indicate bone marrow dysfunction. These findings may help guide treatment decisions and prognostic assessment.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c03e7e0d-b4a8-435e-a3de-ce4210e4f6fehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjh.15777pmid:30706458scopus:85060889672engBritish Journal of Haematology; 185(2), pp 232-239 (2019)ISSN: 0007-1048Cancer and OncologyB cell leukaemiabi-directional riskimmune suppressionmechanistic implicationsecond cancersSecond primary cancers in patients with acute lymphoblastic, chronic lymphocytic and hairy cell leukaemiacontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextEffects of dofetilide and ranolazine on atrial fibrillatory rate in a horse model of acutely induced atrial fibrillation
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/204d5aa1-7e53-4b24-8954-2dd539373660
Carstensen, HelenaHesselkilde, Eva ZanderHaugaard, Maria MathildeFlethøj, MetteCarlson, JonasPehrson, SteenJespersen, ThomasPlatonov, Pyotr G.Buhl, Rikke2019-01-19Introduction: The atrial fibrillatory rate is a potential biomarker in the study of antiarrhythmic drug effects on atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether dose-dependent changes in the atrial fibrillatory rate can be monitored on surface electrocardiography (ECG) following treatment with dofetilide, ranolazine, and a combination of the two in an acute model of AF in horses. Methods and Results: Eight horses were subjected to pacing-induced AF on 4 separate days. Saline (control), dofetilide, ranolazine, or a combination of dofetilide and ranolazine was administered in four incremental doses. Atrial fibrillatory activity was extracted from surface ECGs using spatiotemporal QRST cancellation. The mean atrial fibrillatory rate before drug infusion was 297 ± 27 fpm. Dofetilide reduced the atrial fibrillatory rate following the infusion of low doses (0.89 µg/kg, P < 0.05) and within 5 minutes preceding cardioversion (P < 0.05). Cardioversion with ranolazine was preceded by a reduction in the atrial fibrillatory rate in the last minute (P < 0.05). The combination of drugs reduced the atrial fibrillatory rate in a similar manner to dofetilide used alone. A trend toward a lower atrial fibrillatory rate before drug infusion was found among horses cardioverting on low doses of the drugs. Conclusion: The atrial fibrillatory rate derived from surface ECGs showed a difference in the mode of action on AF between dofetilide and ranolazine. Dofetilide reduced the atrial fibrillatory rate, whereas ranolazine displayed a cardioverting mechanism that was distinct from a slowing of the fibrillatory process.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/204d5aa1-7e53-4b24-8954-2dd539373660http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jce.13849pmid:30661267scopus:85060757926engJournal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology; 30(4), pp 596-606 (2019)ISSN: 1045-3873Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systemsatrial fibrillationatrial fibrillatory ratecombination therapydofetilideranolazineEffects of dofetilide and ranolazine on atrial fibrillatory rate in a horse model of acutely induced atrial fibrillationcontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextEvaluation of a standardized protocol for thrombin generation using the calibrated automated thrombogram : A Nordic study
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/1a8834f2-08d1-4ecc-aa20-ac9655181890
Ljungkvist, MarcusStrandberg, KarinBerntorp, ErikChaireti, RozaHolme, Pål AndréLarsen, Ole HalfdanLassila, RiittaJouppila, AnnukkaSzanto, TimeaZetterberg, Eva2019-02-04Introduction: The thrombin generation assay-calibrated automated thrombogram (TGA-CAT) method is used to measure the overall coagulation capacity in plasma. However, the method is still considered to be a research tool, mainly because of its’ lack of standardization. Aim: Our study aimed to further raise the standardization level for the TGA-CAT method by evaluating a detailed standardization protocol and three reference plasmas’ (RP)s ability to normalize results. Methods: Six Nordic centres participated in the study, and with input from all centres a detailed laboratory standardization protocol based on the TGA-CAT manual of the manufacturer was established. Three types of plasma, hypo-,normal and hypercoagulable plasma were assessed. Three commercial lyophilized RPs were used for normalization of data. All samples were aliquoted at the Malmö centre and sent frozen at −20˚C to participating centres. Results: Before normalization, all results under all testing conditions showed inter-laboratory coefficient of variability of 10% or lower except for endogenous thrombin potential (12%) and peak (14%) in hypo-plasma with 1 pmol/L tissue factor as starting agent. Successful normalization, improving variability in results, was obtained with two of the three evaluated RPs (HemosIL RP and Affinity RP). Conclusion: With our standardization concept, we were able to produce TGA-CAT results as robust as standard coagulation assays used in the routine laboratories. Normalization with HemosIL RP may be considered in populations with low or unknown coagulability, while when analysing plasma samples from populations where hypercoagulability is known or suspected, normalization with Affinity RP may be preferred.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/1a8834f2-08d1-4ecc-aa20-ac9655181890http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hae.13640pmid:30715788scopus:85061037179engHaemophilia; 25(2), pp 334-342 (2019)ISSN: 1351-8216Hematologyhaemophilianormalizationreference plasmastandardizationtest of agreementthrombin generation assayEvaluation of a standardized protocol for thrombin generation using the calibrated automated thrombogram : A Nordic studycontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextScanning 3DXRD measurement of grain growth, stress, and formation of Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> around a tin whisker during heat treatment
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/99b4a84b-04ec-4acc-a20b-f7738237325e
Hektor, JohanHall, Stephen A.Henningsson, N. AxelEngqvist, JonasRistinmaa, MattiLenrick, FilipWright, Jonathan P.2019-01-31The 3D microstructure around a tin whisker, and its evolution during heat treatment were studied using scanning 3DXRD. The shape of each grain in the sample was reconstructed using a filtered-back-projection algorithm. The local lattice parameters and grain orientations could then be refined, using forward modelling of the diffraction data, with a spatial resolution of 250nm. It was found that the tin coating had a texture where grains were oriented such that their c-axes were predominantly parallel to the sample surface. Grains with other orientations were consumed by grain growth during the heat treatment. Most of the grain boundaries were found to have misorientations larger than 15°, and many coincidence site lattice (CSL) or other types of low-energy grain boundaries were identified. None of the grains with CSL grain boundaries were consumed by grain growth. During the heat treatment, growth of preexisting Cu6Sn5 occurred; these grains were indexed as a hexagonal η phase, which is usually documented to be stable only at temperatures exceeding 186 °C. This indicates that the η phase can exist in a metastable state for long periods. The tin coating was found to be under compressive hydrostatic stress, with a negative gradient in hydrostatic stress extending outwards from the root of the whisker. Negative stress gradients are generally believed to play an essential role in providing the driving force for diffusion of material to the whisker root.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/99b4a84b-04ec-4acc-a20b-f7738237325ehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030446pmid:30709058scopus:85060983809engMaterials; 12(3), no 446 (2019)ISSN: 1996-1944Metallurgy and Metallic MaterialsCuSnScanning 3DXRDStressTin whiskersScanning 3DXRD measurement of grain growth, stress, and formation of Cu6Sn5 around a tin whisker during heat treatmentcontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextPreteen children's health related quality of life in Sweden : Changes over time and disparities between different sociodemographic groups
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/dd0bac92-4915-44b7-86dc-2d54ca10d3c1
Baroudi, MazenPetersen, SolveigNamatovu, FredinahCarlsson, AnnelieIvarsson, AnneliNorström, Fredrik2019-01-31Background: Assessing disparities in health-related quality of Life (HRQoL) is important as a part of health-related disparities in the society. The aim of this study was to explore HRQoL among 12-year-olds in Sweden in terms of differences between years 2005 and 2009 and disparities related to sociodemographic background. Methods: During the school years 2005 and 2009, a total of 18,325 sixth grade students in Sweden were invited to a celiac disease screening study; 13,279 agreed to participate. Jointly with the celiac screening, the children answered a questionnaire that included EuroQol 5 Dimensions-youth (EQ-5D-Y) and their parents responded to separate questionnaires about their own and their child's country of birth, family structure, their employment status, occupation, and education. In total 11,009 child-parent questionnaires were collected. Logistic regression was used to study differences in HRQoL between 2005 and 2009, and between various sociodemographic subgroups. Results: Compared with 2005, children in 2009 reported more pain (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.1-1.3) and more mood problems (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.2-1.5). In general, girls reported more pain and mood problems and had more disparities than boys. There were no significant differences based on parents' occupation, however, children of parents with low or medium education levels reported less "mood problems" than those of parents with high education levels (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46-0.92) and (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.96), respectively. A slight variation was seen in HRQoL between children with different migration background. Girls living in small municipalities reported more pain (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.14-2.01), and problems performing usual activities (OR: 3.77, 95% CI: 2.08-6.84), compared to girls living in large municipalities. In addition, children living with two parents had less mood problems than children living in other family constellations. Conclusion: More children reported pain and mood problems in 2009 compared with 2005. To study future trends, health outcomes among children in Sweden should continue to be reported periodically. More efforts should be invested to increase the awareness of health-related disparities as highlighted in this study especially for girls living in small municipalities and children of parents with high education level.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/dd0bac92-4915-44b7-86dc-2d54ca10d3c1http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6429-6pmid:30704442scopus:85060894385engBMC Public Health; 19(1), no 139 (2019)ISSN: 1471-2458Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and EpidemiologyHealth inequityHRQoLPreteen children healthQuality of lifeSociodemographic disparitiesPreteen children's health related quality of life in Sweden : Changes over time and disparities between different sociodemographic groupscontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextRandomized Trial of Sacroiliac Joint Arthrodesis Compared with Conservative Management for Chronic Low Back Pain Attributed to the Sacroiliac Joint
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/35f2008d-371e-477e-aace-69aa1f8fdc68
Dengler, JuliusKools, DjayaPflugmacher, RobertGasbarrini, AlessandroPrestamburgo, DomenicoGaetani, PaoloCher, DanielVan Eeckhoven, EddieAnnertz, MårtenSturesson, Bengt2019BACKGROUND: Sacroiliac joint pain is increasingly recognized as a cause of low back pain. We compared the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive sacroiliac joint arthrodesis using triangular titanium implants and conservative management in patients with chronic sacroiliac joint pain. METHODS: This study was a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial of adults with chronic sacroiliac joint pain assigned to either conservative management or sacroiliac joint arthrodesis with triangular titanium implants. The study end points included self-rated low back pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), back dysfunction (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]), and quality of life. Ninety percent of subjects in both groups completed the study. RESULTS: Between June 6, 2013, and May 15, 2015, 103 subjects were randomly assigned to conservative management (n = 51) or sacroiliac joint arthrodesis (n = 52). At 2 years, the mean low back pain improved by 45 points (95% confidence interval [CI], 37 to 54 points) after sacroiliac joint arthrodesis and 11 points (95% CI, 2 to 20 points) after conservative management, with a mean difference between groups of 34 points (p < 0.0001). The mean ODI improved by 26 points (95% CI, 21 to 32 points) after sacroiliac joint arthrodesis and 8 points (95% CI, 2 to 14 points) after conservative management, with a mean difference between groups of 18 points (p < 0.0001). Parallel improvements were seen in quality of life. In the sacroiliac joint arthrodesis group, the prevalence of opioid use decreased from 56% at baseline to 33% at 2 years (p = 0.009), and no significant change was observed in the conservative management group (47.1% at baseline and 45.7% at 2 years). Subjects in the conservative management group, after crossover to the surgical procedure, showed improvements in all measures similar to those originally assigned to sacroiliac joint arthrodesis. In the first 6 months, the frequency of adverse events did not differ between groups (p = 0.664). By month 24, we observed 39 severe adverse events after sacroiliac joint arthrodesis, including 2 cases of sacroiliac joint pain, 1 case of a postoperative gluteal hematoma, and 1 case of postoperative nerve impingement. The analysis of computed tomographic (CT) imaging at 12 months after sacroiliac joint arthrodesis showed radiolucencies adjacent to 8 implants (4.0% of all implants). CONCLUSIONS: For patients with chronic sacroiliac joint pain due to joint degeneration or disruption, minimally invasive sacroiliac joint arthrodesis with triangular titanium implants was safe and more effective throughout 2 years in improving pain, disability, and quality of life compared with conservative management. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/35f2008d-371e-477e-aace-69aa1f8fdc68http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.18.00022pmid:30845034scopus:85062606751engThe Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume; 101(5), pp 400-411 (2019)ISSN: 1535-1386OrthopedicsRandomized Trial of Sacroiliac Joint Arthrodesis Compared with Conservative Management for Chronic Low Back Pain Attributed to the Sacroiliac Jointcontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextSelenium status during pregnancy : Influential factors and effects on neuropsychological development among Spanish infants
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/afe17fe8-fba5-4f84-9f0a-08b86e3535fb
Amorós, RubénMurcia, MarioBallester, FerranBroberg, KarinIñiguez, CarmenRebagliato, MarisaSkröder, HelenaGonzález, LlúciaLopez-Espinosa, Maria-JoseLlop, Sabrina2018-01-01Selenium (Se) has been positively associated with neurodevelopment in early life. However, its margin of safety is rather narrow, and few prospective studies have evaluated its potential neurotoxic effects at intermediate levels. We aimed to explore the association between maternal Se concentrations and child neuropsychological development, including the genetic effect modification of the Se metabolizing gene INMT. Study subjects were 650 mother-child pairs from the Spanish Childhood and Environment Project (INMA, 2003-2005). Infant neuropsychological development was assessed around 12months of age by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Sociodemographic and dietary characteristics were collected by questionnaire at the first and third trimester of gestation. Se was measured in serum samples at the first trimester. The mean serum Se concentration was 79.7 (standard deviation=7.9) μg/L. In multivariate analysis, nonsignificant inverse linear associations were found between Se concentrations and standardized mental and psychomotor development scores (β (95% CI)=-0.13 (-0.29, 0.03) and β (95% CI)=-0.08 (-0.24, 0.07), respectively). Generalized additive models indicated inverted U-shaped relationships between Se concentrations and both scales. Using segmented regression, the turning point for the associations was estimated at 86μg/L for both scales. The association between Se and neuropsychological development was inverted U-shaped for children with the AG+AA genotype for rs6970396 INMT but a descending curve was suggested for the GG genotype. Further studies would be necessary in order to disentangle the complex equilibrium between the toxicity and benefits of Se exposure during the prenatal period.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/afe17fe8-fba5-4f84-9f0a-08b86e3535fbhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.042scopus:85027491896pmid:28822941engScience of the Total Environment; 610-611, pp 741-749 (2018)ISSN: 1879-1026AdultChild DevelopmentFemaleHumansInfantMaleMethyltransferases/geneticsMultivariate AnalysisPregnancy/bloodPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsProspective StudiesSelenium/bloodSelenium CompoundsSelenium status during pregnancy : Influential factors and effects on neuropsychological development among Spanish infantscontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextEffect of Gene-Mercury Interactions on Mercury Toxicokinetics and Neurotoxicity
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/92515d90-ce75-4e39-af25-57ac2c8e0d48
Llop, SabrinaBallester, FerranBroberg, Karin2015-06Individuals differ in susceptibility to mercury neurotoxicity, in part, due to underlying genetic differences. This review aims to evaluate the state-of-the-art of the effect of (1) genetics on mercury toxicokinetics and (2) gene-mercury interactions on neurodevelopment and neurotoxicity. We conducted a PubMed search in September 2014 and retrieved 14 studies on the influence of genetics on mercury toxicokinetics and ten on neurological effects of gene-mercury interactions. Genes frequently studied for their influence on mercury toxicokinetics were mainly related to the metabolism of glutathione, but the results were contradictory for most of the genes. The gene-mercury interactions on child neurodevelopment and adult neurotoxicity reported were too few to draw any definite conclusion. So far, candidate gene approaches have not identified any major gene/s modifying the kinetics or toxicity of mercury, suggesting that these might be polygenic traits. More research is highly warranted to clarify if there are vulnerable subgroups to mercury neurotoxicity in humans.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/92515d90-ce75-4e39-af25-57ac2c8e0d48http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40572-015-0047-yscopus:84955738899pmid:26231367engCurrent Environmental Health Reports; 2(2), pp 94-179 (2015)ISSN: 2196-5412HumansMercury/pharmacokineticsNeurotoxicity Syndromes/geneticsPolymorphism, GeneticToxicokineticsEffect of Gene-Mercury Interactions on Mercury Toxicokinetics and Neurotoxicitycontributiontojournal/systematicreviewinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletextEcosystem structural changes controlled by altered rainfall climatology in tropical savannas
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/8007a9b1-eda2-486a-8cb1-ff2befde50e0
Zhang, WenminBrandt, MartinPenuelas, JosepGuichard, FrançoiseTong, XiaoyeTian, FengFensholt, Rasmus2019Tropical savannas comprise mixed woodland grassland ecosystems in which trees and grasses compete for water resources thereby maintaining the spatial structuring of this ecosystem. A global change in rainfall climatology may impact the structure of tropical savanna ecosystems by favouring woody plants, relative to herbaceous vegetation. Here we analysed satellite data and observed a relatively higher increase in woody vegetation (5%) as compared to the increase in annual maximum leaf area index (LAI
max
, an indicator of the total green vegetation production) (3%) in arid and semi-arid savannas over recent decades. We further observed a declining sensitivity of LAI
max
to annual rainfall over 56% of the tropical savannas, spatially overlapping with areas of increased woody cover and altered rainfall climatology. This suggests a climate-induced shift in the coexistence of woody and herbaceous vegetation in savanna ecosystems, possibly caused by altered hydrological conditions with significance for land cover and associated biophysical effects such as surface albedo and evapotranspiration.https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8007a9b1-eda2-486a-8cb1-ff2befde50e0http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08602-6pmid:30737376scopus:85061230264engNature Communications; 10(1), no 671 (2019)ISSN: 2041-1723EcologyPhysical GeographyEcosystem structural changes controlled by altered rainfall climatology in tropical savannascontributiontojournal/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articletext