@article{b4d9e736-5705-400c-8349-56283f2f246e,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background and aims: We examined whether the excess cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among adults with steatotic liver disease (SLD) subtypes could be reduced or eliminated through joint control of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Methods and results: This prospective cohort study included 291,995 participants from the UK Biobank, comprising 77,187 with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), 22,190 with metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD), 5474 with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and 187,144 without SLD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess CVD risk associated with numbers of LDL-C, Lp(a), and hs-CRP controlled within the target range. During 12 years of median follow-up, 24,251 CVD events were documented, with 19,661 coronary heart disease and 5600 stroke. Among individuals with various SLD subtypes, those with all three factors controlled had the lowest risks of CVD, with HRs (95% CIs) of 0.65 (0.58, 0.72) in MASLD, 0.61 (0.49, 0.76) in MetALD, and 0.57 (0.35, 0.93) in ALD when comparing to zero-factor control. In addition, among individuals with SLD subtypes achieving all three factors within target ranges, the HRs (95% CIs) of CVD were 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) in MASLD, 0.90 (0.75, 1.08) in MetALD, and 0.63 (0.42, 0.95) in ALD, as compared with non-SLD controls. Similar association patterns were observed for coronary heart disease and stroke. Conclusions: Participants with various SLD subtypes who had optimally controlled LDL-C, Lp(a), and hs-CRP showed no excess or even lower risk of CVD as compared with the general population. Trial registered: Not available.</p>}},
  author       = {{Zhang, Shunming and Borné, Yan and Ma, Le and Huang, Tao and Qi, Lu}},
  issn         = {{0939-4753}},
  keywords     = {{Cardiovascular disease; High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; lipoprotein(a); Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Steatotic liver disease}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases}},
  title        = {{Joint control of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in relation to risk of cardiovascular disease in adults with steatotic liver disease}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104722}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.numecd.2026.104722}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}