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Förutsägbarhet i expertskattemål

Persson, Martin LU (2010) JURM01 20101
Department of Law
Abstract
The tax relief legislation for foreign key personnel in chapter 11 article 22-23a of the Income Tax Act was adopted to ease the recruitment of foreign key personnel to Sweden. The aim of the tax relief legislation was to provide additional advantage to companies who needed foreign expertise to their Swedish operations. This thesis will discuss the case law developed mainly by the County Administrative Court, but also by the Administrative Court of Appeal and the Supreme Administrative Court. The aim is to identify whether the Taxation of Research Workers Board (Sw Forskarskattenämnden) has developed a predictable and uniform case law during the last ten years.

The Swedish tax relief legislation provides a 25 percent reduction of the... (More)
The tax relief legislation for foreign key personnel in chapter 11 article 22-23a of the Income Tax Act was adopted to ease the recruitment of foreign key personnel to Sweden. The aim of the tax relief legislation was to provide additional advantage to companies who needed foreign expertise to their Swedish operations. This thesis will discuss the case law developed mainly by the County Administrative Court, but also by the Administrative Court of Appeal and the Supreme Administrative Court. The aim is to identify whether the Taxation of Research Workers Board (Sw Forskarskattenämnden) has developed a predictable and uniform case law during the last ten years.

The Swedish tax relief legislation provides a 25 percent reduction of the taxable income. Foreign key personnel are also able to receive tax exempt contributions from employers for home trips for the employee and his family as well as school fees for children.

Besides from some formal criteria, the employee has to have the status of an expert or key person to qualify for tax relief. The requirements to fulfil the tax relief status are vaguely described in the pre-work with the intention that the Taxation of Research Workers Board shall develop a uniform case law.

One of the disadvantages with not having a uniform case law is that the applicant does not apply for tax relief since it may not be worth the uncertainty of obtaining a negative decision. Each action the company undertakes must be compared with the chances of obtaining a positive decision. This assessment is, however, complicated by the uncertainty as to who receives positive versus negative decisions.

To create a more uniform guidance on the tax relief issues the County Administrative Court’s decisions has to be more detailed. This is especially the case since the Administrative Court of Appeal seldom leaves the decision to appeal. From the taxpayer’s point of view it is especially important because the decisions are difficult to appeal due to the lack of comprehensive findings. Too many of the County Administrative Court’s decisions consist of the standard expression that ”it is not concluded in the investigation”. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Expertskattereglerna i 11kap 22-23 a §§ IL tillkom för att underlätta rekryteringen av utländska experter på sådan kompetensnivå att svårigheter föreligger för rekrytering inom landet. Syftet med införandet av lagstiftningen var att attrahera nyinvesteringar till Sverige efter att Sveriges konkurrenskraft stadigt minskat på grund av att liknande skattelättnader funnits hos de europeiska grannländerna. I detta arbete behandlas den praxis som skapats av främst länsrätterna, men även av kammarrätterna och Regeringsrätten. Fokus ligger på att identifiera om Forskarskattenämnden och övriga instanser under de senaste tio åren har skapat en förutsägbar och enhetligt praxis.

Reglerna innebär att 25 % av lönen, samt vissa förmåner såsom... (More)
Expertskattereglerna i 11kap 22-23 a §§ IL tillkom för att underlätta rekryteringen av utländska experter på sådan kompetensnivå att svårigheter föreligger för rekrytering inom landet. Syftet med införandet av lagstiftningen var att attrahera nyinvesteringar till Sverige efter att Sveriges konkurrenskraft stadigt minskat på grund av att liknande skattelättnader funnits hos de europeiska grannländerna. I detta arbete behandlas den praxis som skapats av främst länsrätterna, men även av kammarrätterna och Regeringsrätten. Fokus ligger på att identifiera om Forskarskattenämnden och övriga instanser under de senaste tio åren har skapat en förutsägbar och enhetligt praxis.

Reglerna innebär att 25 % av lönen, samt vissa förmåner såsom ersättning för utgifter i samband med hemresor för arbetstagaren och dennes familj och avgifter för barns skolgång, undantas från beskattning i Sverige.

För att åtnjuta skattelättnaderna krävs, utöver vissa formella krav även att individen bedöms besitta sådan kunskap eller företagsledande ställning att denna uppnår status som expert eller särskild nyckelperson. Förutsättningarna för att uppfylla denna status är i förarbetena allmänt hållna med intentionen att Forskarskattenämnden skall utforma en enhetlig praxis.

Risken med att inte ha en klar praxis om vilka som kommer erhålla skattelättnader är att företagen inte anser att det är värt att ansöka om skattelättnader. Varje process som företagen företar skall naturligtvis ställas i proportion till vilken möjlighet det är att erhålla positivt beslut. Denna bedömning försvåras av osäkerheten kring vilka som erhåller positiva respektive negativa beslut.

För att länsrättens domar skall kunna ge en bättre vägledning i expertskattefrågorna krävs det att de blir mer detaljerade. Detta är i synnerhet viktigt eftersom kammarrätten numera alltmer sällan beviljar prövningstillstånd. Ur en rättssäkerhetssynpunkt är det viktigt, då länsrättsdomarna inte är enhetliga och det blir svårt för företagen att överklaga när domstolens resonemang inte framgår. Alltför många motiveringar från länsrätten består av standardformuleringen att ”det inte framgår av utredningen”. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Persson, Martin LU
supervisor
organization
course
JURM01 20101
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Skatterätt
language
Swedish
id
1579962
date added to LUP
2010-03-24 15:40:15
date last changed
2010-03-30 10:05:48
@misc{1579962,
  abstract     = {{The tax relief legislation for foreign key personnel in chapter 11 article 22-23a of the Income Tax Act was adopted to ease the recruitment of foreign key personnel to Sweden. The aim of the tax relief legislation was to provide additional advantage to companies who needed foreign expertise to their Swedish operations. This thesis will discuss the case law developed mainly by the County Administrative Court, but also by the Administrative Court of Appeal and the Supreme Administrative Court. The aim is to identify whether the Taxation of Research Workers Board (Sw Forskarskattenämnden) has developed a predictable and uniform case law during the last ten years. 

The Swedish tax relief legislation provides a 25 percent reduction of the taxable income. Foreign key personnel are also able to receive tax exempt contributions from employers for home trips for the employee and his family as well as school fees for children.

Besides from some formal criteria, the employee has to have the status of an expert or key person to qualify for tax relief. The requirements to fulfil the tax relief status are vaguely described in the pre-work with the intention that the Taxation of Research Workers Board shall develop a uniform case law.

One of the disadvantages with not having a uniform case law is that the applicant does not apply for tax relief since it may not be worth the uncertainty of obtaining a negative decision. Each action the company undertakes must be compared with the chances of obtaining a positive decision. This assessment is, however, complicated by the uncertainty as to who receives positive versus negative decisions. 

To create a more uniform guidance on the tax relief issues the County Administrative Court’s decisions has to be more detailed. This is especially the case since the Administrative Court of Appeal seldom leaves the decision to appeal. From the taxpayer’s point of view it is especially important because the decisions are difficult to appeal due to the lack of comprehensive findings. Too many of the County Administrative Court’s decisions consist of the standard expression that ”it is not concluded in the investigation”.}},
  author       = {{Persson, Martin}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Förutsägbarhet i expertskattemål}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}