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En fallstudie om transportförpackningars väg genom distributionskedjor

Mårtensson, Renée LU and Rosén, Hanna (2010) MTT920 20101
Packaging Logistics
Abstract
This project has been conducted with a case study approach. The studied objects are two different transport packages for the product Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram, which is a Swedish liver paste. One of the transport packages is made of corrugated cardboard while the other one is a returnable plastic box that can be used over and over again. The packages have been studied during their way from the filling machine at the producer to the end user. The return flow and the recycling are also included to get a holistic view of the situation. Data has been collected through interviews and observations at each actor in the supply chain. The purpose of the project was to investigate how well each of the two packages fit into the studied... (More)
This project has been conducted with a case study approach. The studied objects are two different transport packages for the product Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram, which is a Swedish liver paste. One of the transport packages is made of corrugated cardboard while the other one is a returnable plastic box that can be used over and over again. The packages have been studied during their way from the filling machine at the producer to the end user. The return flow and the recycling are also included to get a holistic view of the situation. Data has been collected through interviews and observations at each actor in the supply chain. The purpose of the project was to investigate how well each of the two packages fit into the studied distribution chains. Transports, environmental issues, economy and ease of use are essential parts of the project.

Returnable packages are becoming more and more common in the Western World. The packages are produced to be reused and therefore they need to be washed and checked for deficiencies. The studied returnable packages in this project are one of the most common returnable systems in Sweden, called Svenska Retursystem AB (SRS).

During this project it has been clear that the returnable plastic boxes are better suited for manual work than the packages made of corrugated cardboard. With good manual features time reduction in warehouses and shops can be feasible. There is also module thinking behind the manufacturing of the returnable packages. This feature makes it easier to pack transport packages of different sizes in a load carrier. The standard modules are also easy to use in automatic warehouses. Another positive feature associated with the returnable packages is the ability to arrange them in stacks. A problem that frequently occurred during the study was the labels on the returnable packages. It can be shown that it is of outmost importance to use labels suited for the environment that the packages are going to be transported in to minimize manual labor. The returnable packages, with its open design, also cause problems with theft, resulting in missing products for the end customer. Due to a big number of unrecorded cases the extension of the problem is yet unknown.

The transport packages made of corrugated cardboard do not live up to the demands set by the supply chain regarding protection and stability. The problems do however not arise until the packages have been delivered to customers outside the production facility. This shortcoming is believed to come of the fact that the food industry is struggling with low margins where inexpensive alternatives are prioritized, with a result of lowered standard of quality.

Regarding cube utilization the corrugated cardboard packages are preferable due to the ability to customize the size to any given product. The size of the returnable packages is not perfectly suited for the product to be carried which affects the cube utilization in a negative way as long as the load carrier only contains one product. Is the given product instead going to be transported together with other products on the same load carrier, the module feature of the returnable packages can have a positive effect on the cube utilization. The trend is towards a higher amount of load carriers loaded with a mix of products, which indicates that SRS and its returnable packages is an established and long lasting system. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Det här arbetet har genomförts som en fallstudie där transportförpackningarna, wellpapplåda och returback, för Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram har studerats i ett antal olika flöden från produktion och ut till slutanvändare. Datainsamlingen har skett genom intervjuer och observationer hos var och en av de aktörer som ingår i de studerade flödena. Syftet har varit att undersöka hur väl wellpappförpackningen respektive returbacken fungerar i de utvalda distributionsleden sett ur ett helhetsperspektiv. Hantering, transporter, miljö och ekonomi är centrala delar i arbetet.

De ovan nämnda returbackarna benämns även flergångsförpackningar, vilka blir allt vanligare i västvärlden. Flergångsförpackningar är konstruerade för att... (More)
Det här arbetet har genomförts som en fallstudie där transportförpackningarna, wellpapplåda och returback, för Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram har studerats i ett antal olika flöden från produktion och ut till slutanvändare. Datainsamlingen har skett genom intervjuer och observationer hos var och en av de aktörer som ingår i de studerade flödena. Syftet har varit att undersöka hur väl wellpappförpackningen respektive returbacken fungerar i de utvalda distributionsleden sett ur ett helhetsperspektiv. Hantering, transporter, miljö och ekonomi är centrala delar i arbetet.

De ovan nämnda returbackarna benämns även flergångsförpackningar, vilka blir allt vanligare i västvärlden. Flergångsförpackningar är konstruerade för att återanvändas, vilket medför att ett sådant system även innefattar ett returflöde med tvättning och kontroll av förpackningarnas kvalitet. Ett av de vanligaste retursystemen i Sverige idag är Svenska Retursystem AB (SRS), vilket också är det system som undersökts i det här arbetet. Det vanligaste materialet för engångsförpackningar är wellpapp medan flergångsförpackningar är tillverkade av plast.

Returbackarna, i detta fall kallade SRS-backar, har i den här undersökningen bättre manuella egenskaper än motsvarande wellpappförpackning. Bra manuella egenskaper ger upphov till tidsreduktion vid lagerplockning och uppackning av varor. SRS-backarna är också modulanpassade vilket gör att sampackning med andra varor underlättas samtidigt som modulsystem underlättar vid automatisk hantering. SRS-backen har även bättre staplingsegenskaper än wellpappförpackningen. Ett stort problem som upptäckts vad gäller SRS-backen kan härröras till dess etiketter. Det är väldigt viktigt att rätt sorts etiketter används för att uppnå ett effektivt flöde. Ytterligare en negativ aspekt med SRS-backen den stöldbegärlighet som genereras av backens öppna design. Dock är mörkertalet stort vad gäller stöldens utbredning eftersom registrering av saknade varor prioriteras bort för att spara tid.

Den transportförpackning till Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram som är gjord av wellpapp lever inte riktigt upp till det skydd och den bärighet som försörjningskedjan kräver idag. Problemet märks dock inte inom Atria utan först efter en tids transportering till andra aktörer. Förpackningens brister tros bero på att livsmedelsbranschen generellt har väldigt låga marginaler, vilket gör att billiga alternativ väljs före kvalitet. Ska rätt bärighet och mått fås på en wellpappförpackning är det av stor betydelse att kundspecifikationen är korrekt.

När det kommer till utnyttjandegrad presterar SRS-backen relativt dåligt med tanke på att den inte är anpassad för den inneslutna produkten. Ur utnyttjandegradsperspektiv är därför wellpappförpackningen att föredra. Ska varor sampackas är det istället viktigt med kompatibilitet mellan olika förpackningar för att uppnå hög fyllnadsgrad. Därmed passar SRS-backen, med sin modulanpassning, bättre för sampackning än vad wellpappförpackningen gör. Graden av sampackning kommer sannolikt att öka framöver vilket gör att SRS kommer att vara ett bestående system med ökad efterfrågan. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Mårtensson, Renée LU and Rosén, Hanna
supervisor
organization
alternative title
A case study of secondary packages on their way through different distribution chains
course
MTT920 20101
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
Transportförpackningar, Sekundärförpackningar, SRS, Förpackningar, Retursystem, Returbackar, Sampackning, Supply Chain Management, Miljö, Modulanpassning, Livsmedel, Wellpappförpackningar, Utnyttjandegrad
other publication id
ISRN 10/5084
language
Swedish
id
1702424
date added to LUP
2010-10-28 15:07:02
date last changed
2010-10-28 15:09:01
@misc{1702424,
  abstract     = {{This project has been conducted with a case study approach. The studied objects are two different transport packages for the product Arboga skivbar leverpastej 250 gram, which is a Swedish liver paste. One of the transport packages is made of corrugated cardboard while the other one is a returnable plastic box that can be used over and over again. The packages have been studied during their way from the filling machine at the producer to the end user. The return flow and the recycling are also included to get a holistic view of the situation.  Data has been collected through interviews and observations at each actor in the supply chain. The purpose of the project was to investigate how well each of the two packages fit into the studied distribution chains. Transports, environmental issues, economy and ease of use are essential parts of the project.  

Returnable packages are becoming more and more common in the Western World. The packages are produced to be reused and therefore they need to be washed and checked for deficiencies. The studied returnable packages in this project are one of the most common returnable systems in Sweden, called Svenska Retursystem AB (SRS).

During this project it has been clear that the returnable plastic boxes are better suited for manual work than the packages made of corrugated cardboard. With good manual features time reduction in warehouses and shops can be feasible. There is also module thinking behind the manufacturing of the returnable packages. This feature makes it easier to pack transport packages of different sizes in a load carrier. The standard modules are also easy to use in automatic warehouses. Another positive feature associated with the returnable packages is the ability to arrange them in stacks. A problem that frequently occurred during the study was the labels on the returnable packages. It can be shown that it is of outmost importance to use labels suited for the environment that the packages are going to be transported in to minimize manual labor. The returnable packages, with its open design, also cause problems with theft, resulting in missing products for the end customer. Due to a big number of unrecorded cases the extension of the problem is yet unknown.

The transport packages made of corrugated cardboard do not live up to the demands set by the supply chain regarding protection and stability. The problems do however not arise until the packages have been delivered to customers outside the production facility. This shortcoming is believed to come of the fact that the food industry is struggling with low margins where inexpensive alternatives are prioritized, with a result of lowered standard of quality.

Regarding cube utilization the corrugated cardboard packages are preferable due to the ability to customize the size to any given product. The size of the returnable packages is not perfectly suited for the product to be carried which affects the cube utilization in a negative way as long as the load carrier only contains one product. Is the given product instead going to be transported together with other products on the same load carrier, the module feature of the returnable packages can have a positive effect on the cube utilization. The trend is towards a higher amount of load carriers loaded with a mix of products, which indicates that SRS and its returnable packages is an established and long lasting system.}},
  author       = {{Mårtensson, Renée and Rosén, Hanna}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{En fallstudie om transportförpackningars väg genom distributionskedjor}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}