Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Sequence stratigraphy, palynology and biostratigraphy across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary in the Röstånga-1 core, southern Sweden

Badawy, Ahmed Salah LU (2012) In Dissertations in Geology at Lund University GEOR02 20121
Department of Geology
Abstract
A multiproxy study on sedimentary rocks spanning the Ordovician-Silurian boundary has been performed on material from the Röstånga-1 core, with the aims to improve the biostratigraphical and sedimentological framework and to interpret the depositional environment during this interval in Earth’s history.
The sedimentary succession in the Röstånga-1 core is developed in the Scanian Lithofacies Belt and is considered an excellent upper Middle Ordovician-Lower Silurian reference section for southernmost Sweden. The studied succession includes the Sularp Shale, the Skagen Limestone (early middle Katian), the Mossen-Fjäcka formations, the Lindegård Mudstone and the Kallholn Formation. The results from this study, which includes... (More)
A multiproxy study on sedimentary rocks spanning the Ordovician-Silurian boundary has been performed on material from the Röstånga-1 core, with the aims to improve the biostratigraphical and sedimentological framework and to interpret the depositional environment during this interval in Earth’s history.
The sedimentary succession in the Röstånga-1 core is developed in the Scanian Lithofacies Belt and is considered an excellent upper Middle Ordovician-Lower Silurian reference section for southernmost Sweden. The studied succession includes the Sularp Shale, the Skagen Limestone (early middle Katian), the Mossen-Fjäcka formations, the Lindegård Mudstone and the Kallholn Formation. The results from this study, which includes sedimentological, palynological and stratigraphical investigations, add to the knowledge on the climatic changes across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary.
During the time interval covered in the drill core, an intense Ordovician volcanism was climaxed by a short-lived glacial pulse which in turn led to a eustatic regression. The intense volcanism is evidenced by several K-bentonite beds in the Röstånga-1 core. This event left its signature as a development of a sequence boundary and solution structures at the top of the Skagen Limestone. The regressive phase was rapidly succeeded by a return to deeper-water conditions evident within the Mossen-Fjäcka succession, implying that the rate of glacio-eustatic regression was greater than the subsidence rate at that time in Scania. During the deglaciation phase, anoxic black shale coincides with a flooding surface at the base of the Fjäcka Shale. This possibly signifies a high palaeo-productivity and preservation. Following the Fjäcka Shale, the Lindegård Mudstone marks a sea-level highstand and a stable environment.
Based on the palynological results, the succession was subdivided into three informal local palynozones. Palynozone I is of late Katian (pre-Hirnantian Ashgill) age and is characterized by the occurrence of the following acritach taxa: Baltisphaeridium, Buedingiisphaeridium balticum and Orthosphaeridium inflatum. The occurrence of cryptospores within this palynozone provides the oldest evidence of early land plants in Baltica. Through the upper part of this palynozone, the occurrence of diagnostic Early-Middle Ordovician reworked acritarchs such as Striatotheca, Coryphidium and Acanthodiacrodium spp. indicates a detrital Avalonian sedimentary input in front of the Caledonian Deformation and provides an evidence for foreland-type sedimentation.
Palynozone II ranges from early Hirnantian-latest Hirnantian and is characterized by the occurrence of long-ranging and tolerant acritarch taxa such as Veryhachium and Micrhystridium and a major micro-phytoplankton turnover recognized by the appearance of several taxa with a Silurian affinity, including Ammonidium spp., Diexallophasis denticulate and the first Baltic record of Tylotopalla caelamenicutis. The cryptospore assemblage, through Palynozone II, comprises taxa that have been reported in coeval assemblages globally, possibly indicating homogeneous land plant assemblages. The palynofacies results reveal a relatively high abundance and diversity of scolecodonts coupled with a decrease in the relative abundance of chitinozoans at the base of this palynozone, reflecting a regional similarity with previous results.
Palynozone III ranges from latest Hirnantian-early Llandovery (Rhuddanian) and is characterized by high abundance of graptolites and the occurrence of sphaeromorph acritarchs. The Kallholn Formation, comprising this palynozone, rests on a maximum flooding surface and coincides with a eustatic sea level rise related to the Hirnantian deglaciation, marking new anoxic black shale and a high palaeo-productivity and preservation. Through this palynozone, the acritarchs show the relatively lowest abundance, corresponding to the general feature of the acritarch assemblages through the start of the Silurian, implying that anoxic conditions might be related to this early Silurian “crisis”.
The acritarchs from the Lindegård Mudstone are brownish black, indicating a Thermal Alteration Index (TAI) of 4 which is considered to be post-mature with regard to oil generation. There are many controls such as the sedimentary burial and magmatic heating that might have had an effect on the thermal maturity of the organic matter in this basin. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning
En multiproxy-analys har utförts genom ordovicium-silurgränsen i borrkärnan Röstånga-1 från västcentrala Skåne. Målet med studien är att förbättra det biostratigrafiska och sedimentologiska ramverket, samt att tolka avsättningsmiljön under detta tidsintervall. Lagerföljden i Röstånga-1-kärnan tillhör det skånska litofaciesbältet och omfattar Sularpsskiffern, Skagenkalkstenen (tidig–mellersta Katian), Mossenskiffern, Fjäckaskiffern, Lindegårdsslamstenen och Kallholnformationen. Denna studie omfattar sedimentologiska, palynologiska och stratigrafiska undersökningar och resultaten bidrar särskilt till kunskapen om klimatförändringar i slutet av ordovicium och början av silur.
Tidsintervallet som täcks i... (More)
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning
En multiproxy-analys har utförts genom ordovicium-silurgränsen i borrkärnan Röstånga-1 från västcentrala Skåne. Målet med studien är att förbättra det biostratigrafiska och sedimentologiska ramverket, samt att tolka avsättningsmiljön under detta tidsintervall. Lagerföljden i Röstånga-1-kärnan tillhör det skånska litofaciesbältet och omfattar Sularpsskiffern, Skagenkalkstenen (tidig–mellersta Katian), Mossenskiffern, Fjäckaskiffern, Lindegårdsslamstenen och Kallholnformationen. Denna studie omfattar sedimentologiska, palynologiska och stratigrafiska undersökningar och resultaten bidrar särskilt till kunskapen om klimatförändringar i slutet av ordovicium och början av silur.
Tidsintervallet som täcks i borrkärnan representerar en period av intensiv ordovicisk vulkanism och en kortlivad köldperiod som i sin tur ledde till en eustatisk havsnivåsänkning. Sistnämnda händelse avspeglas genom en sekvensgräns och upplösningsstrukturer i toppen av Skagenkalkstenen. Den regressiva fasen följdes av en återgång till djupare marina förhållanden med avsättning av Mossen- och Fjäckaskiffern. Basen av Fjäckaskiffern är en översvämningsyta och enheten som helhet domineras av svarta skiffrar som avsattes under syrefattiga förhållanden med hög produktivitet av organiskt material. Lindegårdsslamstenen avsattes under en period med relativt höga havsnivåer och reflekterar stabila sedimentationsförhållanden i bassängen.
Baserat på de palynologiska resultaten, kan lagerföljden delas in i tre informella, lokala palynozoner (I–III). Palynozon I är av sen Katian (pre-Hirnantian Ashgill) ålder och kännetecknas av följande akritarktaxa: Baltisphaeridium, Buedingiisphaeridium balticum och Orthosphaeridium inflatum. Förekomsten av kryptosporer inom denna palynozon utgör de äldsta bevisen för tidiga landväxter på paleokontinenten Baltica. I den övre delen av denna palynozon förekommer omlagrade akritarker av tidig–mellanordovicisk ålder: Striatotheca, Coryphidium och Acanthodiacrodium spp. Dessa indikerar en sedimenttillförsel från Avalonia i samband med den kaledoniska orogenesen samt avsättning i en förlandsbassäng.
Palynozon II sträcker sig från undre Hirnantian till översta Hirnantian och kännetecknas av förekomsten av akritarktaxa med lång stratigrafisk utbredning, såsom Veryhachium och Micrhystridium samt en omvälvning i plankton-associationerna med första uppträdandet av flera tidigsiluriska taxa, inklusive Ammonidium spp., Diexallophasis denticulate och den första förekomsten av Tylotopalla caelamenicutis i Baltica. Kryptosporerna i Palynozon II innefattar släkten som har identifierats i likåldriga sediment globalt, vilket möjligen indikerar en homogen global vegetation. Palynofaciesresultaten visar en relativt sett högre förekomst och mångfald av scolecodonter i kombination med en minskning av den relativa förekomsten av chitinozoer vid basen av Palynozon II, vilket är samstämmigt med tidigare resultat.
Palynozon III omfattar översta Hirnantian till understa Llandovery (Rhuddanian) och kännetecknas av en hög förekomst av graptoliter och förekomsten av sphaeromorpha akritarker. Palynozon III är representerad i Kallholnformationen som vilar på en sk. maximal översvämningsyta och sammanfaller med en eustatisk havsnivånhöjning relaterad till isavsmältningen under sen hirnant-tid hirnantian. I palynozon III förekommer akritarker i färre antal vilket avspeglar den generella, tidigsiluriska globala signalen och innebär att anoxiska betingelser kan vara relaterade till denna tidiga silurisk "kris". Akritarkerna i Lindegårdsslamstenen är brunsvarta, vilket indikerar ett termalt index (TAI) på 4 och därmed övermognad med avseende på petroleumbildning. Det finns många faktorer som har påverkat den termala mognaden av det organiska materialet i bassängen, främst begravningsdjup och magmatisk påverkan. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Badawy, Ahmed Salah LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Sekvensstratigrafi, palynologi och biostratigrafi genom Ordovicium-Silurgränsen i borrkärnan Röstånga-1, södra Sverige
course
GEOR02 20121
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
avsättningsmiljöer, stratigrafi, Sweden, Scania, Röstånga, Silurian, Ordovician, TAI, Thermal Alteration Index, palynology, sea level changes, stratigraphy, depositional environments, havsnivåförändringar, palynologi, Ordovicium, Silur, Skåne, Sverige.
publication/series
Dissertations in Geology at Lund University
report number
315
language
English
additional info
Funder: EU Egyptian-European grant (L020901652)
id
3098762
date added to LUP
2012-09-28 16:52:46
date last changed
2014-09-28 03:43:36
@misc{3098762,
  abstract     = {{A multiproxy study on sedimentary rocks spanning the Ordovician-Silurian boundary has been performed on material from the Röstånga-1 core, with the aims to improve the biostratigraphical and sedimentological framework and to interpret the depositional environment during this interval in Earth’s history.
 The sedimentary succession in the Röstånga-1 core is developed in the Scanian Lithofacies Belt and is considered an excellent upper Middle Ordovician-Lower Silurian reference section for southernmost Sweden. The studied succession includes the Sularp Shale, the Skagen Limestone (early middle Katian), the Mossen-Fjäcka formations, the Lindegård Mudstone and the Kallholn Formation. The results from this study, which includes sedimentological, palynological and stratigraphical investigations, add to the knowledge on the climatic changes across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary.
 During the time interval covered in the drill core, an intense Ordovician volcanism was climaxed by a short-lived glacial pulse which in turn led to a eustatic regression. The intense volcanism is evidenced by several K-bentonite beds in the Röstånga-1 core. This event left its signature as a development of a sequence boundary and solution structures at the top of the Skagen Limestone. The regressive phase was rapidly succeeded by a return to deeper-water conditions evident within the Mossen-Fjäcka succession, implying that the rate of glacio-eustatic regression was greater than the subsidence rate at that time in Scania. During the deglaciation phase, anoxic black shale coincides with a flooding surface at the base of the Fjäcka Shale. This possibly signifies a high palaeo-productivity and preservation. Following the Fjäcka Shale, the Lindegård Mudstone marks a sea-level highstand and a stable environment.
 Based on the palynological results, the succession was subdivided into three informal local palynozones. Palynozone I is of late Katian (pre-Hirnantian Ashgill) age and is characterized by the occurrence of the following acritach taxa: Baltisphaeridium, Buedingiisphaeridium balticum and Orthosphaeridium inflatum. The occurrence of cryptospores within this palynozone provides the oldest evidence of early land plants in Baltica. Through the upper part of this palynozone, the occurrence of diagnostic Early-Middle Ordovician reworked acritarchs such as Striatotheca, Coryphidium and Acanthodiacrodium spp. indicates a detrital Avalonian sedimentary input in front of the Caledonian Deformation and provides an evidence for foreland-type sedimentation.
 Palynozone II ranges from early Hirnantian-latest Hirnantian and is characterized by the occurrence of long-ranging and tolerant acritarch taxa such as Veryhachium and Micrhystridium and a major micro-phytoplankton turnover recognized by the appearance of several taxa with a Silurian affinity, including Ammonidium spp., Diexallophasis denticulate and the first Baltic record of Tylotopalla caelamenicutis. The cryptospore assemblage, through Palynozone II, comprises taxa that have been reported in coeval assemblages globally, possibly indicating homogeneous land plant assemblages. The palynofacies results reveal a relatively high abundance and diversity of scolecodonts coupled with a decrease in the relative abundance of chitinozoans at the base of this palynozone, reflecting a regional similarity with previous results.
 Palynozone III ranges from latest Hirnantian-early Llandovery (Rhuddanian) and is characterized by high abundance of graptolites and the occurrence of sphaeromorph acritarchs. The Kallholn Formation, comprising this palynozone, rests on a maximum flooding surface and coincides with a eustatic sea level rise related to the Hirnantian deglaciation, marking new anoxic black shale and a high palaeo-productivity and preservation. Through this palynozone, the acritarchs show the relatively lowest abundance, corresponding to the general feature of the acritarch assemblages through the start of the Silurian, implying that anoxic conditions might be related to this early Silurian “crisis”.
 The acritarchs from the Lindegård Mudstone are brownish black, indicating a Thermal Alteration Index (TAI) of 4 which is considered to be post-mature with regard to oil generation. There are many controls such as the sedimentary burial and magmatic heating that might have had an effect on the thermal maturity of the organic matter in this basin.}},
  author       = {{Badawy, Ahmed Salah}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  series       = {{Dissertations in Geology at Lund University}},
  title        = {{Sequence stratigraphy, palynology and biostratigraphy across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary in the Röstånga-1 core, southern Sweden}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}