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Avtal om vårdnad - alltid till barnets bästa?

Nilsson, Frida LU (2012) JURM01 20122
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Syftet med denna framställning är att belysa och utreda problem som kan finnas med den nuvarande regleringen kring avtal om vårdnad och särskilt beträffande FB 6:6 2 st. som gäller avtal om gemensam vårdnad. FB 6:6 2 st. stadgar att avtal om gemensam vårdnad ska godkännas av socialnämnden om det inte är uppenbart att avtalet är oförenligt med barnets bästa.

Enligt FB 6:6 1 st. är det möjligt för föräldrar, om någon av dem har vårdnaden om ett gemensamt barn, att ingå avtal med varandra angående vårdnaden om barnet. För att avtalet ska bli giltigt ska det vara skriftligt och godkänt av socialnämnden. Beträffande godkännande av avtal om ensam vårdnad finns enbart den allmänna regeln i FB 6:2a att ta hänsyn till. Regeln är tillämplig för... (More)
Syftet med denna framställning är att belysa och utreda problem som kan finnas med den nuvarande regleringen kring avtal om vårdnad och särskilt beträffande FB 6:6 2 st. som gäller avtal om gemensam vårdnad. FB 6:6 2 st. stadgar att avtal om gemensam vårdnad ska godkännas av socialnämnden om det inte är uppenbart att avtalet är oförenligt med barnets bästa.

Enligt FB 6:6 1 st. är det möjligt för föräldrar, om någon av dem har vårdnaden om ett gemensamt barn, att ingå avtal med varandra angående vårdnaden om barnet. För att avtalet ska bli giltigt ska det vara skriftligt och godkänt av socialnämnden. Beträffande godkännande av avtal om ensam vårdnad finns enbart den allmänna regeln i FB 6:2a att ta hänsyn till. Regeln är tillämplig för alla beslut som socialnämnder ska fatta.

Möjligheten att ingå gällande avtal om vårdnad infördes genom 1998 års reform som även innebar att föräldrar skulle kunna få gemensam vårdnad även om en av dem motsätter sig den vårdnadsformen. År 2006 skedde nästa reform av vårdnadsreglerna i FB och då kritiserades att praxis tolkat den nya regeln om gemensam vårdnad, även mot en av föräldrarnas vilja, som att det gällde en presumtion för gemensam vårdnad. Det uttalades därvid att någon presumtion för eller emot gemensam vårdnad inte bör gälla. Det infördes även en särskild regel som innebar att, vid tvist om vårdnaden, ska domstolen särskilt beakta föräldrarnas samarbetsförmåga rörande barnet vid valet av vårdnadsform. Lagen skulle också få ett tydligare barnperspektiv och FB 6:2a fick formuleringen att barnets bästa skulle vara avgörande vid alla beslut om vårdnad. En annorlunda formulering gäller dock alltså för beslut om att godkänna avtal om gemensam vårdnad, då dessa ska godkännas om det inte är uppenbart oförenligt med barnets bästa. Denna skillnad kan, utifrån ett barnperspektiv, kritiseras enligt författaren som anser att detta uttrycker en presumtion för att gemensam vårdnad är till barnets bästa. Presumtioner i lag om vad barnets bästa innebär är oförenligt med ett barnperspektiv och bör inte förekomma anser författaren. (Less)
Abstract
The purpose of this essay is to highlight and study complications that may exist with the current regulation of agreements regarding legal custody, and especially Children and Parents’ Code (Föräldrabalken 1949:381) 6:6 second paragraph which concern agreements regarding joint custody.

According to Children and Parents’ Code 6:6 first paragraph it is possible for parents to make an agreement concerning the legal custody of the child, if at least one of them have legal custody of their child. To make this agreement legally binding it must be in writing and approved by the Social Welfare Board. Children and Parents’ Code 6:6, second paragraph, states that an agreement regarding joint legal custody should be approved by the Social Welfare... (More)
The purpose of this essay is to highlight and study complications that may exist with the current regulation of agreements regarding legal custody, and especially Children and Parents’ Code (Föräldrabalken 1949:381) 6:6 second paragraph which concern agreements regarding joint custody.

According to Children and Parents’ Code 6:6 first paragraph it is possible for parents to make an agreement concerning the legal custody of the child, if at least one of them have legal custody of their child. To make this agreement legally binding it must be in writing and approved by the Social Welfare Board. Children and Parents’ Code 6:6, second paragraph, states that an agreement regarding joint legal custody should be approved by the Social Welfare Board unless it is clear that the agreement contradicts the best interests of the child. Regarding the approval of contracts for one parent to have legal custody of the child, there is only the general rule in Children and Parents’ Code 6:2a to take into account. This rule applies for all decisions that the Social Welfare Board makes.

The possibility for parents to reach a legally binding agreement on legal custody was introduced by the 1998 reform. This reform also made joint legal custody possible even if one of the parents is reluctant to that form of custody. The subsequent reform of the laws concerning legal custody in Children and Parents’ Code was applied in 2006. The courts interpretation of the 1998 reform on joint legal custody, that there was a presumption towards joint legal custody, was hereby criticized. A statement were made that there shouldn’t be a presumption towards joint legal custody. A special rule was introduced which stated that the court, in the determination of legal custody form, shall pay particular attention to the parents ability to cooperate regarding their child’s interests when in a legal custody dispute.

Through the 2006 reform the law would also entail a more apparent child’s perspective and thereafter Children and Parents’ Code 6:2a stated that the best interests of the child would be decisive in any conclusion regarding legal custody. However a different statement is applied when approving an agreement regarding joint legal custody, which should be approved by the Social Welfare Board unless it is clear that the agreement contradicts the best interests of the child. Seeing it from a child’s perspective, this difference in statements may be criticized according to the author, who thinks this causes a presumption towards joint legal custody. Presumptions stated in the law regarding the child´s best interests are inconsistent with a child’s perspective and that should not occur. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Nilsson, Frida LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Agreements regarding custody - are they always in the best interests of the child?
course
JURM01 20122
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Familjerätt, avtal om vårdnad, barnets bästa.
language
Swedish
id
3327838
date added to LUP
2013-01-14 08:38:17
date last changed
2013-03-22 12:17:17
@misc{3327838,
  abstract     = {{The purpose of this essay is to highlight and study complications that may exist with the current regulation of agreements regarding legal custody, and especially Children and Parents’ Code (Föräldrabalken 1949:381) 6:6 second paragraph which concern agreements regarding joint custody. 

According to Children and Parents’ Code 6:6 first paragraph it is possible for parents to make an agreement concerning the legal custody of the child, if at least one of them have legal custody of their child. To make this agreement legally binding it must be in writing and approved by the Social Welfare Board. Children and Parents’ Code 6:6, second paragraph, states that an agreement regarding joint legal custody should be approved by the Social Welfare Board unless it is clear that the agreement contradicts the best interests of the child. Regarding the approval of contracts for one parent to have legal custody of the child, there is only the general rule in Children and Parents’ Code 6:2a to take into account. This rule applies for all decisions that the Social Welfare Board makes.

The possibility for parents to reach a legally binding agreement on legal custody was introduced by the 1998 reform. This reform also made joint legal custody possible even if one of the parents is reluctant to that form of custody. The subsequent reform of the laws concerning legal custody in Children and Parents’ Code was applied in 2006. The courts interpretation of the 1998 reform on joint legal custody, that there was a presumption towards joint legal custody, was hereby criticized. A statement were made that there shouldn’t be a presumption towards joint legal custody. A special rule was introduced which stated that the court, in the determination of legal custody form, shall pay particular attention to the parents ability to cooperate regarding their child’s interests when in a legal custody dispute. 

Through the 2006 reform the law would also entail a more apparent child’s perspective and thereafter Children and Parents’ Code 6:2a stated that the best interests of the child would be decisive in any conclusion regarding legal custody. However a different statement is applied when approving an agreement regarding joint legal custody, which should be approved by the Social Welfare Board unless it is clear that the agreement contradicts the best interests of the child. Seeing it from a child’s perspective, this difference in statements may be criticized according to the author, who thinks this causes a presumption towards joint legal custody. Presumptions stated in the law regarding the child´s best interests are inconsistent with a child’s perspective and that should not occur.}},
  author       = {{Nilsson, Frida}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Avtal om vårdnad - alltid till barnets bästa?}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}