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Optogenetic Kindling

Melin, Esbjörn LU (2013) PHYM01 20131
Atomic Physics
Mathematical Physics
Department of Physics
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common disease that affects about 1 % of the population. The neurological disease is characterised by episodes of neural hyperactivity (seizures) and neural synchronization that can have behavioural manifestations such as convulsions. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) can be used for treating most cases of epilepsy, but since especially temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has proven to be drug resistant, there is still a need to develop novel treatment methods. The research towards such new treatments requires animal models that mimic the pathology of the human disorder. In this project, optogenetics is used in evoking seizure-like afterdischarges (ADs) in anaesthetised mice by stimulating the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The mice are... (More)
Epilepsy is a common disease that affects about 1 % of the population. The neurological disease is characterised by episodes of neural hyperactivity (seizures) and neural synchronization that can have behavioural manifestations such as convulsions. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) can be used for treating most cases of epilepsy, but since especially temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has proven to be drug resistant, there is still a need to develop novel treatment methods. The research towards such new treatments requires animal models that mimic the pathology of the human disorder. In this project, optogenetics is used in evoking seizure-like afterdischarges (ADs) in anaesthetised mice by stimulating the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The mice are transgenic, expressing channelrhodopsin 2 – green fluorescent protein (ChR2-GFP) under the Thy1 promoter. An optrode is constructed and used to both stimulate with 463 nm light in 10 Hz pulses and to record an intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG). The tissue response and amount of ADs that follows a light stimulation train is evaluated. Also, spontaneous activity is assessed by calculating the burst suppression rate (BSR). Isoflurane and ketamine anaesthesia is compared and it is concluded that ketamine at the dose of 80mg/kg blocks the development of ADs following a stimulation train. On the other hand, the isoflurane anesthetised animals developed ADs which seemed to escalate in a kindling like manner. (Less)
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author
Melin, Esbjörn LU
supervisor
organization
course
PHYM01 20131
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
optogenetics, epilepsy, channelrhodopsin, isoflurane, ketamine, EEG, kindling, temporal lobe epilepsy, TLE, seizure, optrode, hippocampus, Thy1
language
English
id
4317165
date added to LUP
2014-03-26 13:26:23
date last changed
2015-12-14 13:32:33
@misc{4317165,
  abstract     = {{Epilepsy is a common disease that affects about 1 % of the population. The neurological disease is characterised by episodes of neural hyperactivity (seizures) and neural synchronization that can have behavioural manifestations such as convulsions. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) can be used for treating most cases of epilepsy, but since especially temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has proven to be drug resistant, there is still a need to develop novel treatment methods. The research towards such new treatments requires animal models that mimic the pathology of the human disorder. In this project, optogenetics is used in evoking seizure-like afterdischarges (ADs) in anaesthetised mice by stimulating the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The mice are transgenic, expressing channelrhodopsin 2 – green fluorescent protein (ChR2-GFP) under the Thy1 promoter. An optrode is constructed and used to both stimulate with 463 nm light in 10 Hz pulses and to record an intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG). The tissue response and amount of ADs that follows a light stimulation train is evaluated. Also, spontaneous activity is assessed by calculating the burst suppression rate (BSR). Isoflurane and ketamine anaesthesia is compared and it is concluded that ketamine at the dose of 80mg/kg blocks the development of ADs following a stimulation train. On the other hand, the isoflurane anesthetised animals developed ADs which seemed to escalate in a kindling like manner.}},
  author       = {{Melin, Esbjörn}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Optogenetic Kindling}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}