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LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Jämkningar och bortfall av borgensmäns betalningsansvar

Magnusson, Andreas LU (2014) JURM02 20141
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Borgensåtaganden har en betydande roll inom såväl privat- som inom näringslivet när det gäller att möjliggöra diverse överföringar av kapital. Ett borgensåtagande har en säkerhetsgaranterande funktion genom att borgensmannen i och med tecknandet av åtagandet garanterar fullgörandet av den skuld gäldenären ådragit sig hos borgenären. Genom att borgensåtaganden på detta vis underlättar beviljandet av krediter, bidrar de också till ett mer dynamiskt ekonomiskt klimat och att skapa förutsättningar för ekonomisk tillväxt.

Genom tecknandet av borgensåtagandet ådrar sig borgensmannen således ett betalningsansvar, vilket i normalfallet också kvarstår tills den i borgensåtagandet aktuella skulden blivit fullgjord. I vissa fall kan det dock... (More)
Borgensåtaganden har en betydande roll inom såväl privat- som inom näringslivet när det gäller att möjliggöra diverse överföringar av kapital. Ett borgensåtagande har en säkerhetsgaranterande funktion genom att borgensmannen i och med tecknandet av åtagandet garanterar fullgörandet av den skuld gäldenären ådragit sig hos borgenären. Genom att borgensåtaganden på detta vis underlättar beviljandet av krediter, bidrar de också till ett mer dynamiskt ekonomiskt klimat och att skapa förutsättningar för ekonomisk tillväxt.

Genom tecknandet av borgensåtagandet ådrar sig borgensmannen således ett betalningsansvar, vilket i normalfallet också kvarstår tills den i borgensåtagandet aktuella skulden blivit fullgjord. I vissa fall kan det dock uppstå olika förhållanden och omständigheter som kan medföra att borgensmannen ej längre behöver uppfylla det i borgensåtagandet föreskrivna betalningsansvaret, antingen i sin helhet eller till viss del. De förhållanden och omständigheter som kan ge upphov till att en borgensman rättsligt sett ej behöver prestera det som föreskrivs i sitt borgensåtagande, skiljer sig åt till karaktär och art.

Den första delen av uppsatsen behandlar inledningsvis borgensinstitutet som sådant, och redogör för de olika typer av borgensåtaganden som finns, samt hur dessa skiljer sig åt struktur- och ansvarsmässigt. Vidare behandlas de allmänna råd och lagar som riktar sig mot institutionella kreditgivare och deras verksamheter. Mer specifikt belyses de regler som institutionella kreditgivare har att förhålla sig till i situationer som rör borgensåtaganden av olika slag. Därefter beskrivs strukturen och innehållet i 36 § AvtL, vilken är den bestämmelse som har den centrala rollen i spörsmål som rör jämkningar och bortfall av borgensmäns betalningsansvar, för att kontextualisera bestämmelsen samt belysa vilka hänsynstaganden som kan göras vid prövningen av den.

Den andra delen av uppsatsen behandlar de nationella domstolarnas tillämpning i de ovan beskrivna spörsmålen, med fokus på HD:s praxis, för att ge en bild av det gällande rättsläget. I den här delen behandlas dels hur domstolarna har resonerat i de frågor som de ställts inför, och dels de synpukter som personer insatta på området har haft i förhållande till domstolarnas avgöranden och motiveringarna bakom dessa. Även om 36 § AvtL har en central roll i frågor som rör jämkning eller bortfall av ansvar på grund av borgen, finns det även andra rättsliga instrument som har använts av domstolarna för att nedsätta den typen av ansvar. Sådana rättsliga instrument utgörs av oskrivna borgenärsplikter och avtalstolkning. Även dessa metoder kommer att behandlas i uppsatsen. (Less)
Abstract
Guarantees play a significant role when it comes to facilitating transfers of capital, in business as well as in personal life. The role of a guarantee is to provide the creditor with security for the debt incurred by debtor. Due to the fact that guarantees can facilitate grants of credits, they contribute to a more dynamic economic climate as well as helping to create the right conditions for economic growth.

By signing the guarantee the guarantor assumes a payment liability, which normally remains until the debt has been paid. However, different circumstances can in some cases arise which could enable the guarantor to refuse to perform, either in part or in whole, in accordance with the guarantee. Those circumstances, which could... (More)
Guarantees play a significant role when it comes to facilitating transfers of capital, in business as well as in personal life. The role of a guarantee is to provide the creditor with security for the debt incurred by debtor. Due to the fact that guarantees can facilitate grants of credits, they contribute to a more dynamic economic climate as well as helping to create the right conditions for economic growth.

By signing the guarantee the guarantor assumes a payment liability, which normally remains until the debt has been paid. However, different circumstances can in some cases arise which could enable the guarantor to refuse to perform, either in part or in whole, in accordance with the guarantee. Those circumstances, which could lead to the guarantor’s legal liberation from its duties stated in the guarantee, differ in terms of character and traits.

The first part of the essay deals initially with the concept of the guarantee and with the different types of guarantees, and how these types of guarantees differ from one another in terms of structure and liability. Furthermore, it deals with the regulations targeting the activities of institutional creditors. More specifically, it will contextualise those regulations to which the institutional creditors have to take into consideration in situations concerning different types of guarantees. Also, the structure and the content of section 36 in the Contracts Act will be described, which is the main regulation in issues concerning the adjustment of guarantee liability, in order to illustrate its context as well as the possible considerations to be taken when examining an issue under that section.

The second part of the essay deals with the application of the national courts, with a focus on the Supreme Court, in order to picture the current case law of the issues described above. This part deals with the reasoning behind the rulings of the courts, as well as the opinions of different legal experts in regards to these rulings and the issues brought up therein. Even though section 36 in the Contracts Act plays a central role in issues concerning the adjustment of guarantee liability, there are also other judicial instruments which have been used by the courts in these issues. Such judicial instruments consist of the use of unwritten creditor duties and interpretation of contracts. These methods will also be described in the essay. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Magnusson, Andreas LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Adjustments of guarantor liability
course
JURM02 20141
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Avtalsrätt, bankrätt, borgen, borgensåtagande, jämkning, banking law
language
Swedish
id
4449392
date added to LUP
2014-07-01 07:12:13
date last changed
2014-07-01 07:12:13
@misc{4449392,
  abstract     = {{Guarantees play a significant role when it comes to facilitating transfers of capital, in business as well as in personal life. The role of a guarantee is to provide the creditor with security for the debt incurred by debtor. Due to the fact that guarantees can facilitate grants of credits, they contribute to a more dynamic economic climate as well as helping to create the right conditions for economic growth. 

By signing the guarantee the guarantor assumes a payment liability, which normally remains until the debt has been paid. However, different circumstances can in some cases arise which could enable the guarantor to refuse to perform, either in part or in whole, in accordance with the guarantee. Those circumstances, which could lead to the guarantor’s legal liberation from its duties stated in the guarantee, differ in terms of character and traits.

The first part of the essay deals initially with the concept of the guarantee and with the different types of guarantees, and how these types of guarantees differ from one another in terms of structure and liability. Furthermore, it deals with the regulations targeting the activities of institutional creditors. More specifically, it will contextualise those regulations to which the institutional creditors have to take into consideration in situations concerning different types of guarantees. Also, the structure and the content of section 36 in the Contracts Act will be described, which is the main regulation in issues concerning the adjustment of guarantee liability, in order to illustrate its context as well as the possible considerations to be taken when examining an issue under that section.

The second part of the essay deals with the application of the national courts, with a focus on the Supreme Court, in order to picture the current case law of the issues described above. This part deals with the reasoning behind the rulings of the courts, as well as the opinions of different legal experts in regards to these rulings and the issues brought up therein. Even though section 36 in the Contracts Act plays a central role in issues concerning the adjustment of guarantee liability, there are also other judicial instruments which have been used by the courts in these issues. Such judicial instruments consist of the use of unwritten creditor duties and interpretation of contracts. These methods will also be described in the essay.}},
  author       = {{Magnusson, Andreas}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Jämkningar och bortfall av borgensmäns betalningsansvar}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}