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Könsselektiv abort i Sverige - naturligt, avskyvärt eller acceptabelt?

Sundberg, Lina LU (2014) JURM02 20141
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Det är idag, tack vare utvecklade fosterdiagnostiska metoder, möjligt att få stor kunskap om ett foster redan innan dess födsel. I pressen uppmärksammades för några år sedan en kvinna som vid två tillfällen valt att göra abort på grund av att fosterdiagnostiska undersökningar visat att fostret var av ett oönskat kön. Denna uppsats har till syfte att undersöka i vilken utsträckning gravida kvinnor enligt svensk rätt har rätt att välja kön på sitt framtida barn genom tillämpning av abort. Vidare syftar uppsatsen till att utreda om, och i så fall hur, könsselektiva aborter kan regleras i svensk lagstiftning.

Den fria aborträtten har funnits i Sverige sedan införandet av 1974 års abortlag. Enligt denna har en gravid kvinna rätt att begära... (More)
Det är idag, tack vare utvecklade fosterdiagnostiska metoder, möjligt att få stor kunskap om ett foster redan innan dess födsel. I pressen uppmärksammades för några år sedan en kvinna som vid två tillfällen valt att göra abort på grund av att fosterdiagnostiska undersökningar visat att fostret var av ett oönskat kön. Denna uppsats har till syfte att undersöka i vilken utsträckning gravida kvinnor enligt svensk rätt har rätt att välja kön på sitt framtida barn genom tillämpning av abort. Vidare syftar uppsatsen till att utreda om, och i så fall hur, könsselektiva aborter kan regleras i svensk lagstiftning.

Den fria aborträtten har funnits i Sverige sedan införandet av 1974 års abortlag. Enligt denna har en gravid kvinna rätt att begära utförande av abort till och med utgången av den artonde graviditetsveckan. Användandet av fosterdiagnostiska undersökningar under graviditet är reglerat i svensk lag. Där finns ingen begränsning i mängden information den gravida kvinnan har rätt till angående fostret. Socialstyrelsens föreskrifter på området stadgar emellertid att information om kön som huvudregel inte ska samlas in vid fosterdiagnostiska undersökningar, men att informationen ska lämnas ut om den ändå inhämtats och kvinnan begär ut den. Ursprungligen var syftet med fosterdiagnostik att fastställa graviditetens längd samt att kontrollera att fostret utvecklades normalt. Idag tillämpas fosterdiagnostik även i syfte att upptäcka missbildningar och sjukdomar hos fostret, samt att ta reda på vilket kön fostret har. Utveckling på fosterdiagnostikens område har lett till att nya fosterdiagnostiska metoder arbetats fram. Införande av dessa medför att information om fostrets kön kan inhämtas redan tidigt i graviditeten.

Den fria aborträtten, sammantaget med rätten den gravida kvinnan har att ta del av information från fosterdiagnostiska undersökningar, gör att det är möjligt att utföra könsselektiva aborter i Sverige. Exakt hur vanligt förekommande sådana typer av aborter är i Sverige kan inte fastställas, eftersom en gravid kvinna inte behöver uppge anledningen till en abort. Motioner med förslag till lagstiftning som ska motverka könsselektiva aborter har lämnats in. Lagstiftaren har dock valt att inte agera i frågan, utan uttalat att den svenska aborträtten bör förbli som den är idag.

Uppsatsen behandlar den svenska lagstiftarens möjlighet att införa bestämmelser som förhindrar könsselektiva aborter. Det handlar först och främst om möjligheten att i abortlagen införa ett förbud mot den typen av aborter. Vidare diskuteras möjligheten att genom lagstiftning begränsa sjukvårdens rätt att lämna ut information om fosters kön, samt att begränsa den gravida kvinnans rätt till informationen. Den tredje möjligheten utgörs av införande av lag eller riktlinjer som förhindrar nya fosterdiagnostiska metoder från att införas i svensk sjukvård, alternativt förhindrar sjukvården från att använda metoderna för könsbestämning av foster. (Less)
Abstract
Because of the development in the field of prenatal diagnosis, it is today possible to have a great deal of information about a foetus before it is born. A few years ago, Swedish press wrote about a woman who, at two separate occasions, chose to undergo abortion because diagnostics of the foetus showed that it was of an undesired sex. This thesis aims to describe and examine in what extent pregnant women have the right to choose their future child’s gender through the application of abortion. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate if, and if so also how, sex-selective abortions can be regulated in Swedish law.

The right to abortion has been a part of Swedish law since the introduction of the 1974 abortion law. The law states that a... (More)
Because of the development in the field of prenatal diagnosis, it is today possible to have a great deal of information about a foetus before it is born. A few years ago, Swedish press wrote about a woman who, at two separate occasions, chose to undergo abortion because diagnostics of the foetus showed that it was of an undesired sex. This thesis aims to describe and examine in what extent pregnant women have the right to choose their future child’s gender through the application of abortion. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate if, and if so also how, sex-selective abortions can be regulated in Swedish law.

The right to abortion has been a part of Swedish law since the introduction of the 1974 abortion law. The law states that a pregnant woman is entitled to have an abortion done until the end of the eighteenth week of pregnancy. The use of prenatal testing is regulated in Swedish law. The law provides no limit in the amount of information about the foetus the pregnant woman is entitled to. However, regulations given from The National Board of Health and Welfare’s state that information about the sex of the foetus is not to be obtained during prenatal testing, but that the information is to be disclosed if it has been obtained in accordance with another aim and the woman requests it. Originally, the purpose of prenatal testing was to determine the length of the pregnancy and to verify that the foetus was developing normally. Today, prenatal testing also aims at discovering abnormalities and diseases and at finding out the sex of the foetus. Development in the prenatal testing field has led to the introduction of new prenatal testing methods. By the use of these methods, a foetus’ sex can be determined early on in the pregnancy.

The right to abortion, together with the right the pregnant woman has to take part of the information obtained during prenatal testing, adds up to make sex-selective abortions legal in Sweden. An exact figure on how widespread the phenomenon is in Sweden is not available, since a pregnant woman does not have to give a reason as to why she wants to undergo an abortion. Motions with propositions on how to prevent sex-selective abortions have been submitted. To this day, the legislator has chosen not to act on the matter. It has stated that the Swedish right to abortion should remain as it is.

This thesis discusses whether the Swedish legislator would be able to regulate the occurrence of sex-selective abortions. Firstly, it deals with the possibility of forbidding sex-selective abortions in the abortion law. The possibility of enacting medical legislation to restrict the caregivers’ right to disclose the information about the sex of a foetus and the possibility to restrict the pregnant woman’s right to the information is discussed as a second solution. The third solution involves the introduction of law or guidelines that prevent new prenatal diagnostic methods from being introduced into Swedish medical care, or to prevent the medical care from using the methods in order to determine the sex of a foetus. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Sundberg, Lina LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Sex-selective abortions in Sweden - natural, despicable or acceptable?
course
JURM02 20141
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
familjerätt, abort, fosterdiagnostik, könsselektiv, selektiv, kön
language
Swedish
id
4449439
date added to LUP
2014-06-12 09:01:18
date last changed
2014-06-12 09:01:18
@misc{4449439,
  abstract     = {{Because of the development in the field of prenatal diagnosis, it is today possible to have a great deal of information about a foetus before it is born. A few years ago, Swedish press wrote about a woman who, at two separate occasions, chose to undergo abortion because diagnostics of the foetus showed that it was of an undesired sex. This thesis aims to describe and examine in what extent pregnant women have the right to choose their future child’s gender through the application of abortion. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate if, and if so also how, sex-selective abortions can be regulated in Swedish law.

The right to abortion has been a part of Swedish law since the introduction of the 1974 abortion law. The law states that a pregnant woman is entitled to have an abortion done until the end of the eighteenth week of pregnancy. The use of prenatal testing is regulated in Swedish law. The law provides no limit in the amount of information about the foetus the pregnant woman is entitled to. However, regulations given from The National Board of Health and Welfare’s state that information about the sex of the foetus is not to be obtained during prenatal testing, but that the information is to be disclosed if it has been obtained in accordance with another aim and the woman requests it. Originally, the purpose of prenatal testing was to determine the length of the pregnancy and to verify that the foetus was developing normally. Today, prenatal testing also aims at discovering abnormalities and diseases and at finding out the sex of the foetus. Development in the prenatal testing field has led to the introduction of new prenatal testing methods. By the use of these methods, a foetus’ sex can be determined early on in the pregnancy.

The right to abortion, together with the right the pregnant woman has to take part of the information obtained during prenatal testing, adds up to make sex-selective abortions legal in Sweden. An exact figure on how widespread the phenomenon is in Sweden is not available, since a pregnant woman does not have to give a reason as to why she wants to undergo an abortion. Motions with propositions on how to prevent sex-selective abortions have been submitted. To this day, the legislator has chosen not to act on the matter. It has stated that the Swedish right to abortion should remain as it is.

This thesis discusses whether the Swedish legislator would be able to regulate the occurrence of sex-selective abortions. Firstly, it deals with the possibility of forbidding sex-selective abortions in the abortion law. The possibility of enacting medical legislation to restrict the caregivers’ right to disclose the information about the sex of a foetus and the possibility to restrict the pregnant woman’s right to the information is discussed as a second solution. The third solution involves the introduction of law or guidelines that prevent new prenatal diagnostic methods from being introduced into Swedish medical care, or to prevent the medical care from using the methods in order to determine the sex of a foetus.}},
  author       = {{Sundberg, Lina}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Könsselektiv abort i Sverige - naturligt, avskyvärt eller acceptabelt?}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}