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Panem et circenses; En studie av internationella brottmålsdomstolars legitimitet ur ett victor's justice perspektiv

Coster, Amanda LU (2014) LAGF03 20141
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Internationella brottmålsdomstolar har under hela sin utveckling följts av kritik rörande legitimitetsbrister. Bristerna har sin grund i att utvecklingen av internationell straffrätt ofta varit ad hoc och i samband med extrema politiska omständigheter som krig och konflikter. Den invändning mot internationella brottmålsdomstolars legitimitet som hävdats ljudligast är den rörande victor’s justice-problematiken. Victor’s justice innebär att ett internationellt straffrättsligt förfarande hanteras av segraren i en konflikt och därmed utelämnar eventuella brott begångna av den egna sidan. Dock har problematiken förändrats från internationella domstolen i Nürnberg, som anges som ett klassiskt exempel, till dagens domstolar.
I denna studie har... (More)
Internationella brottmålsdomstolar har under hela sin utveckling följts av kritik rörande legitimitetsbrister. Bristerna har sin grund i att utvecklingen av internationell straffrätt ofta varit ad hoc och i samband med extrema politiska omständigheter som krig och konflikter. Den invändning mot internationella brottmålsdomstolars legitimitet som hävdats ljudligast är den rörande victor’s justice-problematiken. Victor’s justice innebär att ett internationellt straffrättsligt förfarande hanteras av segraren i en konflikt och därmed utelämnar eventuella brott begångna av den egna sidan. Dock har problematiken förändrats från internationella domstolen i Nürnberg, som anges som ett klassiskt exempel, till dagens domstolar.
I denna studie har victor’s justice problematiken undersökts från tre synvinklar; de politiskt dominerande administratörerna av internationell rättvisa, genom begreppet ’gravity’ samt genom hur moralisk legitimitet att döma uppstår i den internationella straffrätten.
Ungefär samma politiska makt som administrerade rättegången i Nürnberg efter andra världskriget är i dag nationer med vetorätt i säkerhetsrådet som initierat ad hoc-domstolarna i Rwanda och f.d. Jugoslavien och innehar ett betydande inflytande i ICC. Följaktligen skapas en politisk situation mycket lik den vid Nürnberg. Termen ’gravity’ som ska fungera som tröskelbegrepp för att avgränsa ICCs jurisdiktion missbrukas för att rikta domstolens arbete mot fattigare och mindre inflytelserika nationer och den moraliska rätten att döma förvärvas genom nationalstaternas politiska konsensus.
Frågan blir slutligen om det är önskvärt från världssamfundets sida att skapa en objektiv, neutral rättsprocess i internationella brottmålsdomstolar eller om de har att fungera som en täckmantel för de politiska strömningar som döljer sig bakom post hoc-rättvisan. (Less)
Abstract
International criminal tribunals have under their entire development been criticized for lacking in legitimacy. Flaws in the legitimacy of international criminal tribunals is likely due to the development of international criminal law being ad hoc and tinged by extreme political circumstances such as wars and conflicts between nations. The most common critic raised against the legitimacy of international criminal tribunals is the one concerning victor’s justice. Victor’s justice is the name of an international criminal tribunal administrated by the victors in a conflict and therefore subjective in its choice of prosecution.
In this essay, three forms of victor’s justice has been subjected to examination; the ruling political powers and... (More)
International criminal tribunals have under their entire development been criticized for lacking in legitimacy. Flaws in the legitimacy of international criminal tribunals is likely due to the development of international criminal law being ad hoc and tinged by extreme political circumstances such as wars and conflicts between nations. The most common critic raised against the legitimacy of international criminal tribunals is the one concerning victor’s justice. Victor’s justice is the name of an international criminal tribunal administrated by the victors in a conflict and therefore subjective in its choice of prosecution.
In this essay, three forms of victor’s justice has been subjected to examination; the ruling political powers and their influence on international criminal justice, the term ’gravity’ and its contribution to victor’s justice and the question of how moral legitimacy to judge in international criminal courts emerges.
The political powers that administrated the IMT in Nuremberg is almost the same ones which now possesses veto-rights in the UN security council and thereby have great influence over the international criminal tribunals. The term ’gravity’ which shall serve as a threshold for the jurisdiction of ICC is misused and made to serve as a method for victor’s justice and the moral legitimacy to judge in international criminal tribunals emerges from political consensus among nations.
The question is this; is a neutral, objective international criminal tribunal desirable in the eyes of the international community or does international justice serve as a guise for political agendas of influential nations. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Coster, Amanda LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20141
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Legitimitet, Internationella brottmålsdomstolar, victor's justice, gravity
language
Swedish
id
4449716
date added to LUP
2014-09-10 14:33:41
date last changed
2014-09-10 14:33:41
@misc{4449716,
  abstract     = {{International criminal tribunals have under their entire development been criticized for lacking in legitimacy. Flaws in the legitimacy of international criminal tribunals is likely due to the development of international criminal law being ad hoc and tinged by extreme political circumstances such as wars and conflicts between nations. The most common critic raised against the legitimacy of international criminal tribunals is the one concerning victor’s justice. Victor’s justice is the name of an international criminal tribunal administrated by the victors in a conflict and therefore subjective in its choice of prosecution. 
	In this essay, three forms of victor’s justice has been subjected to examination; the ruling political powers and their influence on international criminal justice, the term ’gravity’ and its contribution to victor’s justice and the question of how moral legitimacy to judge in international criminal courts emerges.
	The political powers that administrated the IMT in Nuremberg is almost the same ones which now possesses veto-rights in the UN security council and thereby have great influence over the international criminal tribunals. The term ’gravity’ which shall serve as a threshold for the jurisdiction of ICC is misused and made to serve as a method for victor’s justice and the moral legitimacy to judge in international criminal tribunals emerges from political consensus among nations. 
	The question is this; is a neutral, objective international criminal tribunal desirable in the eyes of the international community or does international justice serve as a guise for political agendas of influential nations.}},
  author       = {{Coster, Amanda}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Panem et circenses; En studie av internationella brottmålsdomstolars legitimitet ur ett victor's justice perspektiv}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}