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Vårdnadsutredning som grund för dom

Johansson, Sophia LU (2014) JURM02 20141
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Detta arbete behandlar en vårdnadsutrednings genomslagskraft i domstolsavgörande i mål om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Uppsatsen fokuserar även på om en domare kan ta självständig ställning i frågan med utredningen som underlag, samt hur man i utredningen adresserar barnets bästa.

Varje år drabbas ungefär 10 000 barn av föräldrar som tvistar om frågor kring vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Om inte föräldrarna kommer överens om frågorna kan domstolen avgöra vad som är den bästa lösningen för barnet. Enbart under 2012 avgjordes över 5 000 mål om vårdnad, boende och umgänge i svenska domstolar. Rätten får ge i uppdrag åt socialnämnden att utföra en vårdnadsutredning. I denna skall både föräldrar och barn få komma till tals. Barnets bästa... (More)
Detta arbete behandlar en vårdnadsutrednings genomslagskraft i domstolsavgörande i mål om vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Uppsatsen fokuserar även på om en domare kan ta självständig ställning i frågan med utredningen som underlag, samt hur man i utredningen adresserar barnets bästa.

Varje år drabbas ungefär 10 000 barn av föräldrar som tvistar om frågor kring vårdnad, boende och umgänge. Om inte föräldrarna kommer överens om frågorna kan domstolen avgöra vad som är den bästa lösningen för barnet. Enbart under 2012 avgjordes över 5 000 mål om vårdnad, boende och umgänge i svenska domstolar. Rätten får ge i uppdrag åt socialnämnden att utföra en vårdnadsutredning. I denna skall både föräldrar och barn få komma till tals. Barnets bästa skall dessutom vara avgörande för alla beslut som fattas rörande vårdnad, boende och umgänge.

Trots detta kan man, utifrån resultat från vissa studier, utröna att barnet inte alltid får komma till tals, att det inte i samtliga fall finns tydliga resonemang om barnets bästa och att det ibland saknas tydliga barnperspektiv i såväl vårdnadsutredningar som domstolsavgörande. Utredarna har inte enbart att samtala med föräldrar och barn. Utredningen skall innehålla ett väl motiverat förslag till beslut i frågan, och det ska även finnas en konsekvensbeskrivning av alternativa beslut. Vad som dock är ett problem är att det inte finns ett metodstöd för hur samtal skall äga rum eller dokumenteras. Det finns heller inga regler för hur ett utredningsförfarande skall gå till.

Det är vidare så att en domare har att agera självständigt i sin dömande verksamhet. Ändå dömer man i enlighet med utredningarnas förslag till beslut i ca 80 % av fallen. Detta framkommer av såväl tidigare studier som intervjuerna som förevarande uppsats innefattar.

Uppsatsens slutsatser är att vårdnadsutredningar har mycket stor inverkan på utgången i mål om vårdnad boende och umgänge. Domare kan, med utredningen som underlag, ta självständig ställning i frågan. Detta är emellertid endast möjligt när utredningen är så noga utredd som den kan bli. Utredningens kvalité är således något som måste säkerställas innan en domare kan ta ställning i frågan. Ytterst få av de för uppsatsen delaktiga domarna har för vana att begära in kompletteringar till utredningarna. Samtidigt finns det flera uppgifter om att utredningarnas kvalité varierar beroende på vem som utför dem. I anledning härav är det svårt att hävda att utredningarna utgör ett tillräckligt brett beslutsunderlag för att en domare skall kunna ta självständig ställning i frågan. (Less)
Abstract
The purpose of this essay is to investigate how a custody investigation affects a court decision in cases concerning custody, residence and contact. The paper also focuses on whether a judge can take independent position on the matter based on the investigation. Furthermore the essay examines how the custody investigation addresses the best interest of the child.

Each year, approximately 10,000 children are subjected to parents who disagree on issues concerning custody, residence and contact. If the parents cannot agree on the issues the court can determine what the best solution for the child would be. In the year of 2012, over 5000 cases concerning custody, residence and contact were settled in Swedish courts. The court can give a... (More)
The purpose of this essay is to investigate how a custody investigation affects a court decision in cases concerning custody, residence and contact. The paper also focuses on whether a judge can take independent position on the matter based on the investigation. Furthermore the essay examines how the custody investigation addresses the best interest of the child.

Each year, approximately 10,000 children are subjected to parents who disagree on issues concerning custody, residence and contact. If the parents cannot agree on the issues the court can determine what the best solution for the child would be. In the year of 2012, over 5000 cases concerning custody, residence and contact were settled in Swedish courts. The court can give a mandate to the social welfare committee to conduct a custody investigation. In this investigation, both the parents and the child have a right to be heard. The best interest of the child should be a primary consideration in any decision concerning custody, residence and contact.

Despite this one can draw the conclusion, by observing studies on the area, that the child does not always get to be heard. Furthermore, there is a lack of clear arguments about the best interests of the child and a child’s perspective in both the custody investigations and in the judicial decisions. Investigators should talk to parents and children. The investigation shall include a well- reasoned proposal for a decision on the issue, and there should also be an impact assessment of alternative decisions. However, the lack of methodological support for the conversations and their documentation is a problem. Also, there are no rules for how an investigation should be carried out.

A judge has to act independently in their judicial function. However, the judges decisions are in accordance with the draft decisions in 80 % of the cases. This is shown both by previous studies and the interviews which the essay includes.

The essay’s conclusions are that custody investigations have a huge impact on the outcome of the case. A judge can take an independent position in the case based on the investigation. However, this is only possible when the investigation is as thoroughly investigated as it can be. The investigation’s quality is thus something that must be secured before a judge can make a decision on the matter. Very few of the involved judges usually request additional information to the investigations. Meanwhile, there are several reports of investigations that differ in quality depending on which investigator who performs them. Due to this, it is difficult to argue that the investigations constitute sufficiently wide enough material for the judge to base the decision on and to take an independently position on the matter. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Johansson, Sophia LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
A judicial decision based on a custody investigation
course
JURM02 20141
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Civilrätt, familjerätt, vårdnad, vårdnadsutredning
language
Swedish
id
4451191
date added to LUP
2014-06-12 08:45:10
date last changed
2014-06-12 08:45:10
@misc{4451191,
  abstract     = {{The purpose of this essay is to investigate how a custody investigation affects a court decision in cases concerning custody, residence and contact. The paper also focuses on whether a judge can take independent position on the matter based on the investigation. Furthermore the essay examines how the custody investigation addresses the best interest of the child.

Each year, approximately 10,000 children are subjected to parents who disagree on issues concerning custody, residence and contact. If the parents cannot agree on the issues the court can determine what the best solution for the child would be. In the year of 2012, over 5000 cases concerning custody, residence and contact were settled in Swedish courts. The court can give a mandate to the social welfare committee to conduct a custody investigation. In this investigation, both the parents and the child have a right to be heard. The best interest of the child should be a primary consideration in any decision concerning custody, residence and contact.

Despite this one can draw the conclusion, by observing studies on the area, that the child does not always get to be heard. Furthermore, there is a lack of clear arguments about the best interests of the child and a child’s perspective in both the custody investigations and in the judicial decisions. Investigators should talk to parents and children. The investigation shall include a well- reasoned proposal for a decision on the issue, and there should also be an impact assessment of alternative decisions. However, the lack of methodological support for the conversations and their documentation is a problem. Also, there are no rules for how an investigation should be carried out.

A judge has to act independently in their judicial function. However, the judges decisions are in accordance with the draft decisions in 80 % of the cases. This is shown both by previous studies and the interviews which the essay includes.

The essay’s conclusions are that custody investigations have a huge impact on the outcome of the case. A judge can take an independent position in the case based on the investigation. However, this is only possible when the investigation is as thoroughly investigated as it can be. The investigation’s quality is thus something that must be secured before a judge can make a decision on the matter. Very few of the involved judges usually request additional information to the investigations. Meanwhile, there are several reports of investigations that differ in quality depending on which investigator who performs them. Due to this, it is difficult to argue that the investigations constitute sufficiently wide enough material for the judge to base the decision on and to take an independently position on the matter.}},
  author       = {{Johansson, Sophia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Vårdnadsutredning som grund för dom}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}