Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Handlingsoffentlighet och sekretess vid offentlig upphandling

Larsson, Viktor LU (2014) JURM02 20141
Department of Law
Abstract
The public sector is a major operator on numerous different markets. In Sweden public purchases are made for great amounts every year. The public procurement procedure is governing these purchases and is mainly regulated in LOU. A procurement procedure is based on the idea to let contractors compete for public contracts in an open, equal and competitively neutral way. The Swedish public procurement rules, and mainly the underlying principles of transparency and equal treatment, are based on rules of the European Union. Amongst other things, these principles implicate a responsibility for the contracting authorities to give insight into the public procurement procedure so that contractors can be given equal treatment. From this follows that... (More)
The public sector is a major operator on numerous different markets. In Sweden public purchases are made for great amounts every year. The public procurement procedure is governing these purchases and is mainly regulated in LOU. A procurement procedure is based on the idea to let contractors compete for public contracts in an open, equal and competitively neutral way. The Swedish public procurement rules, and mainly the underlying principles of transparency and equal treatment, are based on rules of the European Union. Amongst other things, these principles implicate a responsibility for the contracting authorities to give insight into the public procurement procedure so that contractors can be given equal treatment. From this follows that procurement documents primarily should be made public.

The transparency in Swedish authorities public services is also defined by the public access of documents. This fundamental principle of Swedish law is found in TF chapter 2 and regulates the right to access public documents from authorities. Tender documents in a public procurement are example of such public documents. Restrictions of the right to access these public documents can only be made given that certain interests of protection have been laid down. These certain interests of protection are regulated in TF and they are formed as confidentiality rules in OSL. This presentation is mainly focused on the confidentiality rules that derive from the public economical interests (OSL chapter 19 article 3) and individual economical interests (OSL chapter 31 article 16). A direct damage prerequisite is laid down as a provision for the confidentiality rules to be applicable. This means that the confidentiality is dependent on a damage assessment from the authorities and for confidentiality to be at hand there has to be certain damage when extradition of public documents have been made. The focus in these cases should be on whether data from a document could be of damage for the public or an individual to its nature. Although, when it comes to OSL chapter 31 article 16 a wider confidentiality assessment is required.

Before these confidentiality rules could be applicable in a public procurement, in other words before a contract award decision has been made, tender documents are bound by strict confidentiality. This means that information about or from a tender cannot be handed out to anyone before a contract award decision, except to the person who submitted the tender.

When a contract award decision has been made the strict confidentiality ceases to exist and after that point in the public procurement a contracting authority has to consider the confidentiality rules in OSL chapter 19 article 3 and chapter 31 article 16 in order to decide whether extradition of tender information is possible or not. Such confidentiality assessment always have to be made after a contract award decision, this includes such information that contracting authorities are obligated to publish to the tenderers according to LOU chapter 9 and article 9 and 10. This responsibility to inform appeared in order to make it possible for tenderers in a public procurement to review a contract award decision. This opportunity did not exist in previous Swedish law.

Consequently the case-law concerning these confidentiality rules evaluates the possibility to access public documents in public procurements after a contract award decision and gives guidance in the assessment that has to be made whether a extradition of information can imply an damage assumption for the public or an individual. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Den offentliga sektorn är en stor aktör på många olika marknader. Offentliga inköp görs varje år för betydande summor i Sverige. Det offentliga upphandlingsförfarandet styr dessa inköp och regleras framförallt i LOU. Ett upphandlingsförfarande bygger på tanken att låta leverantörer konkurrera om offentliga kontrakt på ett öppet, likvärdigt och konkurrensneutralt sätt. De svenska upphandlingsbestämmelserna, och framförallt de grundläggande principerna om öppenhet och likabehandling, baseras på bestämmelser från EU-rätten. Dessa principer innebär bland annat en skyldighet för upphandlande myndigheter att lämna insyn i upphandlingsförfarandet så att leverantörer kan behandlas lika. Av detta följer att upphandlingsdokument i huvudsak ska vara... (More)
Den offentliga sektorn är en stor aktör på många olika marknader. Offentliga inköp görs varje år för betydande summor i Sverige. Det offentliga upphandlingsförfarandet styr dessa inköp och regleras framförallt i LOU. Ett upphandlingsförfarande bygger på tanken att låta leverantörer konkurrera om offentliga kontrakt på ett öppet, likvärdigt och konkurrensneutralt sätt. De svenska upphandlingsbestämmelserna, och framförallt de grundläggande principerna om öppenhet och likabehandling, baseras på bestämmelser från EU-rätten. Dessa principer innebär bland annat en skyldighet för upphandlande myndigheter att lämna insyn i upphandlingsförfarandet så att leverantörer kan behandlas lika. Av detta följer att upphandlingsdokument i huvudsak ska vara offentliga.

Insynen i svenska myndigheters offentliga verksamhet präglas likaså av den så kallade handlingsoffentligheten. Denna grundläggande rättsprincip i den svenska rättsordningen, som finns att hitta i TF 2 kap., reglerar rätten att ta del av allmänna handlingar hos myndigheter. Anbudshandlingar i en offentlig upphandling är exempel på sådana allmänna handlingar. Begränsningar i rätten att ta del av allmänna handlingar får endast göras med hänsyn till vissa preciserade skyddsintressen. Dessa skyddsintressen finns reglerade i TF, och utformas vidare som sekretessbestämmelser i OSL. För denna framställning är framförallt de sekretesskyddsintressen som härrör sig till det allmännas ekonomiska intressen (OSL 19 kap. 3 §) och enskilds ekonomiska förhållanden (OSL 31 kap. 16 §) intressanta. För att dessa sekretessbestämmelser ska vara tillämpliga ställs det upp ett villkor om rakt skaderekvisit, vilket betyder att sekretessen är beroende av en skadebedömning från myndighetens sida och att viss skada måste föreligga vid ett utlämnande av allmän handling om sekretess ska föreligga. Fokus i dessa fall ska ligga på huruvida en uppgift till sin natur typiskt sett kan vara till skada för det allmänna eller enskild. När det kommer till OSL 31 kap. 16 § krävs det dock en vidare sekretessprövning.

Innan dessa sekretessbestämmelser kan tillämpas i en upphandling, det vill säga innan ett beslut om tilldelning av kontrakt har tagits, gäller dock så kallad absolut sekretess för anbudshandlingar. Detta betyder att uppgifter som rör anbud inte får lämnas till annan än den som har lämnat anbudet förrän beslut tagits om tilldelning av kontrakt. När ett tilldelningsbeslut har fattats upphör alltså den absoluta anbudssekretessen och efter denna tidpunkt i upphandlingsförfarandet måste den upphandlande myndigheten beakta sekretessbestämmelserna i OSL 19 kap. 3 § och 31 kap. 16 § för att kunna avgöra om uppgifter som rör anbud kan lämnas ut eller inte. En sådan sekretessprövning måste alltid göras efter ett tilldelningsbeslut fattats, även för sådana upplysningar som upphandlande myndighet enligt LOU 9 kap. 9 och 10 §§ är skyldiga att lämna ut till anbudsgivarna. Denna informations- och upplysningsskyldighet har tillkommit för att göra det möjligt för leverantörer i en offentlig upphandling att överpröva ett tilldelningsbeslut. Tidigare fanns inte denna möjlighet i svensk rätt.

Den rättspraxis som rör dessa sekretessbestämmelser bedömer alltså möjligheten att ta del av allmänna handlingar i offentliga upphandlingar efter att ett tilldelningsbeslut har fattats och ger vägledning i den bedömning som måste göras huruvida ett utlämnande av uppgift kan medföra ett antagande om skada för det allmänna eller enskild. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Larsson, Viktor LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Public access of documents and confidentiality in public procurement
course
JURM02 20141
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Förvaltningsrätt, Offentlig rätt, Offentlighet och sekretess, Offentlig upphandling
language
Swedish
id
4451200
date added to LUP
2014-06-12 08:48:04
date last changed
2014-06-12 08:48:04
@misc{4451200,
  abstract     = {{The public sector is a major operator on numerous different markets. In Sweden public purchases are made for great amounts every year. The public procurement procedure is governing these purchases and is mainly regulated in LOU. A procurement procedure is based on the idea to let contractors compete for public contracts in an open, equal and competitively neutral way. The Swedish public procurement rules, and mainly the underlying principles of transparency and equal treatment, are based on rules of the European Union. Amongst other things, these principles implicate a responsibility for the contracting authorities to give insight into the public procurement procedure so that contractors can be given equal treatment. From this follows that procurement documents primarily should be made public.

The transparency in Swedish authorities public services is also defined by the public access of documents. This fundamental principle of Swedish law is found in TF chapter 2 and regulates the right to access public documents from authorities. Tender documents in a public procurement are example of such public documents. Restrictions of the right to access these public documents can only be made given that certain interests of protection have been laid down. These certain interests of protection are regulated in TF and they are formed as confidentiality rules in OSL. This presentation is mainly focused on the confidentiality rules that derive from the public economical interests (OSL chapter 19 article 3) and individual economical interests (OSL chapter 31 article 16). A direct damage prerequisite is laid down as a provision for the confidentiality rules to be applicable. This means that the confidentiality is dependent on a damage assessment from the authorities and for confidentiality to be at hand there has to be certain damage when extradition of public documents have been made. The focus in these cases should be on whether data from a document could be of damage for the public or an individual to its nature. Although, when it comes to OSL chapter 31 article 16 a wider confidentiality assessment is required. 

Before these confidentiality rules could be applicable in a public procurement, in other words before a contract award decision has been made, tender documents are bound by strict confidentiality. This means that information about or from a tender cannot be handed out to anyone before a contract award decision, except to the person who submitted the tender. 

When a contract award decision has been made the strict confidentiality ceases to exist and after that point in the public procurement a contracting authority has to consider the confidentiality rules in OSL chapter 19 article 3 and chapter 31 article 16 in order to decide whether extradition of tender information is possible or not. Such confidentiality assessment always have to be made after a contract award decision, this includes such information that contracting authorities are obligated to publish to the tenderers according to LOU chapter 9 and article 9 and 10. This responsibility to inform appeared in order to make it possible for tenderers in a public procurement to review a contract award decision. This opportunity did not exist in previous Swedish law. 

Consequently the case-law concerning these confidentiality rules evaluates the possibility to access public documents in public procurements after a contract award decision and gives guidance in the assessment that has to be made whether a extradition of information can imply an damage assumption for the public or an individual.}},
  author       = {{Larsson, Viktor}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Handlingsoffentlighet och sekretess vid offentlig upphandling}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}