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Ett litet steg för dagens CSR-redovisning, ett större kliv för den fortsatta CSR-utvecklingen? En studie av direktivet om redovisning av icke-finansiell information och dess verkan

Paulsson, Anna LU (2014) JURM02 20142
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) har vuxit från att på 1950-talet varit en diskussion om företags sociala ansvar, till att idag utgöra en allt viktigare beståndsdel i företags beslutsfattande. CSR har uppstått som en motreaktion från allmänheten efter flertalet företagsskandaler och ökad globalisering då företagen kommit att utgöra viktiga aktörer för samhällsutvecklingen. Utvecklingen har fram tills idag varit präglad av företags frivilliga åtgärder, men på senare år har det blivit vanligt förekommande att nationell lagstiftning skapats för att påtvinga företag en miniminivå gällande samhällsansvar. I takt med den nationella CSR-regleringens framväxt och CSR:s ökade betydelse har Europaparlamentet och Europeiska unionens råd i år... (More)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) har vuxit från att på 1950-talet varit en diskussion om företags sociala ansvar, till att idag utgöra en allt viktigare beståndsdel i företags beslutsfattande. CSR har uppstått som en motreaktion från allmänheten efter flertalet företagsskandaler och ökad globalisering då företagen kommit att utgöra viktiga aktörer för samhällsutvecklingen. Utvecklingen har fram tills idag varit präglad av företags frivilliga åtgärder, men på senare år har det blivit vanligt förekommande att nationell lagstiftning skapats för att påtvinga företag en miniminivå gällande samhällsansvar. I takt med den nationella CSR-regleringens framväxt och CSR:s ökade betydelse har Europaparlamentet och Europeiska unionens råd i år antagit EU-kommissionens direktivförslag om redovisning av stora företags och koncerners icke-finansiella information.

Direktivets antagande är av betydelse för CSR-utvecklingen då EU valt att ålägga företag att redovisa om icke-finansiell information på ett sätt som tidigare inte förekommit. Förutom att direktivet fastställer att CSR blivit en del av EU:s lagstiftningskompetens, finns även möjligheten att företagens ökade rapporteringskrav kommer att påverka företagsledningens beslutsfattande såväl som den fortsatta utvecklingen av företagens samhällsansvar. Ledningens beslutsfattande kan, i större grad än tidigare, komma att präglas av sociala hänsynstaganden och överväganden utöver vad som är förenligt med vinstsyftet enligt ABL 3:3. Potentiella negativa externaliteter av företags ökade CSR-arbete är att företagens affärsrelationer kan påverkas då företagen kan tvingas välja mer kostnadseffektiva alternativ för att anpassa verksamheten efter ökade CSR-krav. Då företag ofta väljer att placera delar av sin verksamhet i utvecklingsländer på grund av lägre sociala- och miljömässiga kostnader riskerar de redan utsatta människorna och mindre leverantörerna i dessa länder att drabbas hårt.

I uppsatsen konstateras att direktivet inte ställer tvingande krav på företagsledningen att prioritera andra intressen framför vinstsyftet. Direktivet kräver således inte, åtminstone för svensk rätts vidkommande, en anpassning av de överväganden som ligger bakom det aktiebolagsrättsliga vinstsyftet. Vad gäller direktivets inverkan på företagens handel med utvecklingsländer beror utfallet på vilken genomslagskraft direktivet får på företags tillämpning- och redovisning av CSR. Vad som präglat utvecklingen i länder som redan har CSR-reglering är att företagen ofta fokuserat på rapporteringsområden som är affärsmässigt motiverade vid implementeringen- och rapporteringen av CSR, snarare än vad som driver CSR-utvecklingen framåt. Direktivets kommer därför troligtvis medföra en kvantitetsökning av CSR-rapporter snarare än kvalitativa redovisningar. Konsekvensen därav kan bli att företag väljer att endast följa direktivets minimikrav, vilket riskerar att befästa en relativt låg CSR-standard och således begränsa vidareutvecklingen av företagens sociala ansvar. (Less)
Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from in the 1950s being a discussion, to today constitute an increasingly more important component of corporate decision-making. CSR has emerged as a public backlash against several corporate scandals and increased globalization that has given corporations greater influence over the societal development. The CSR development has, until now, been characterized by companies' voluntary measures, but in recent years it has become more common for states to establish national legislation to force companies to attain a minimum level regarding their social responsibility. The emergence of national CSR legislation and CSR's increased importance, has resulted in that the European Parliament and the... (More)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from in the 1950s being a discussion, to today constitute an increasingly more important component of corporate decision-making. CSR has emerged as a public backlash against several corporate scandals and increased globalization that has given corporations greater influence over the societal development. The CSR development has, until now, been characterized by companies' voluntary measures, but in recent years it has become more common for states to establish national legislation to force companies to attain a minimum level regarding their social responsibility. The emergence of national CSR legislation and CSR's increased importance, has resulted in that the European Parliament and the European Council this year adopted the European Commission's directive on disclosure of non-financial information by certain large companies and groups.

By adopting the directive, EU requires corporations to report on non-financial information in a manner that previously have not been done, and thereof the directive is of importance for the future development of CSR. The directive establishes that CSR has become part of EUs legislative competences, and it is also possible that companies' increased reporting requirements will affect management's decision making. Managerial decision-making can, to a greater extent than before, become characterized by social considerations instead of what is compatible with the purpose of limited companies, according to Chapter 3, Paragraph 3 in the Swedish Companies Act (Aktiebolagslagen) (2005:551). Potential negative externalities of companies' increased social responsibility is that business relationships may be affected when companies, in accordance with ABL 3:3, may be forced to choose more cost-effective alternatives to achieve increased CSR requirements. Considering that companies often position parts of their business activities in developing countries because of lower social- and environmental costs, the already vulnerable people and small business suppliers in these countries are likely to be hit hard when companies, with respect to lower costs, more preferably conduct trade with the larger players on the market.

In this paper, it is noted that the directive does not impose mandatory requirements for management to prioritize other interests before profit maximisation, according to ABL 3:3. Therefore, the directive does not require, at least concerning Swedish law, an adaptation of the considerations underlying the decision-making process within the limited company. Regarding the directive's impact on companies' trade with developing countries, the outcome depends on what effect the directive will have on companies’ implementation and reporting of CSR. The developmental results in countries that already have CSR regulation are that companies often focused on reporting about subject areas that are commercially motivated, rather than what is furthering the CSR development. Of the aforementioned concludes will the probable effect of the directive consist in an increased quantity of CSR reports, rather than qualitative statements. The consequence thereof may be that companies decide only to follow the minimum requirements of the directive, which risk consolidating a relatively low CSR standard, and thus limiting the further development of corporate social responsibility. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Paulsson, Anna LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
One small step for today's CSR-reporting, one giant leap for the continued development of CSR? A study of the directive on disclosure of non-financial information and its effects
course
JURM02 20142
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
CSR, Associationsrätt, Bolagsrätt, Företags samhällsansvar, Företags sociala ansvar
language
Swedish
id
4925041
date added to LUP
2015-01-31 10:45:35
date last changed
2017-01-27 15:51:08
@misc{4925041,
  abstract     = {{Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved from in the 1950s being a discussion, to today constitute an increasingly more important component of corporate decision-making. CSR has emerged as a public backlash against several corporate scandals and increased globalization that has given corporations greater influence over the societal development. The CSR development has, until now, been characterized by companies' voluntary measures, but in recent years it has become more common for states to establish national legislation to force companies to attain a minimum level regarding their social responsibility. The emergence of national CSR legislation and CSR's increased importance, has resulted in that the European Parliament and the European Council this year adopted the European Commission's directive on disclosure of non-financial information by certain large companies and groups.

By adopting the directive, EU requires corporations to report on non-financial information in a manner that previously have not been done, and thereof the directive is of importance for the future development of CSR. The directive establishes that CSR has become part of EUs legislative competences, and it is also possible that companies' increased reporting requirements will affect management's decision making. Managerial decision-making can, to a greater extent than before, become characterized by social considerations instead of what is compatible with the purpose of limited companies, according to Chapter 3, Paragraph 3 in the Swedish Companies Act (Aktiebolagslagen) (2005:551). Potential negative externalities of companies' increased social responsibility is that business relationships may be affected when companies, in accordance with ABL 3:3, may be forced to choose more cost-effective alternatives to achieve increased CSR requirements. Considering that companies often position parts of their business activities in developing countries because of lower social- and environmental costs, the already vulnerable people and small business suppliers in these countries are likely to be hit hard when companies, with respect to lower costs, more preferably conduct trade with the larger players on the market. 

In this paper, it is noted that the directive does not impose mandatory requirements for management to prioritize other interests before profit maximisation, according to ABL 3:3. Therefore, the directive does not require, at least concerning Swedish law, an adaptation of the considerations underlying the decision-making process within the limited company. Regarding the directive's impact on companies' trade with developing countries, the outcome depends on what effect the directive will have on companies’ implementation and reporting of CSR. The developmental results in countries that already have CSR regulation are that companies often focused on reporting about subject areas that are commercially motivated, rather than what is furthering the CSR development. Of the aforementioned concludes will the probable effect of the directive consist in an increased quantity of CSR reports, rather than qualitative statements. The consequence thereof may be that companies decide only to follow the minimum requirements of the directive, which risk consolidating a relatively low CSR standard, and thus limiting the further development of corporate social responsibility.}},
  author       = {{Paulsson, Anna}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Ett litet steg för dagens CSR-redovisning, ett större kliv för den fortsatta CSR-utvecklingen? En studie av direktivet om redovisning av icke-finansiell information och dess verkan}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}