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Underdog - en avtalsrättslig analys av underlägsen ställning

Brännström, Elin LU (2016) LAGF03 20161
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Uppsatsen tar avstamp i tre avtalsrättsliga principer: avtalsbundenheten, avtalsfriheten och skyddsprincipen. Med utgångspunkt i de grundläggande principerna om avtalsbundenhet och avtalsfrihet konstateras att det trots allt medges avsteg från dessa i vissa fall, till förmån för skyddsbehövande avtalsparter - det är detta som är skyddsprincipen. Vem som skyddas av denna princip varierar från situation till situation, men ofta är det en avtalspart som av en eller annan anledning befinner sig i en underlägsen ställning gentemot sin motpart.

Av denna anledning undersöks svenska rättskällor för att ta reda på vilka faktorer som vägs in i bedömningen av en avtalsparts ställning som över- eller underlägsen motparten. Sju faktorer identifieras... (More)
Uppsatsen tar avstamp i tre avtalsrättsliga principer: avtalsbundenheten, avtalsfriheten och skyddsprincipen. Med utgångspunkt i de grundläggande principerna om avtalsbundenhet och avtalsfrihet konstateras att det trots allt medges avsteg från dessa i vissa fall, till förmån för skyddsbehövande avtalsparter - det är detta som är skyddsprincipen. Vem som skyddas av denna princip varierar från situation till situation, men ofta är det en avtalspart som av en eller annan anledning befinner sig i en underlägsen ställning gentemot sin motpart.

Av denna anledning undersöks svenska rättskällor för att ta reda på vilka faktorer som vägs in i bedömningen av en avtalsparts ställning som över- eller underlägsen motparten. Sju faktorer identifieras som vanligt förekommande i bedömningarna: finansiell styrka, kunskap och erfarenhet, förhandlingsstyrka, självständig ställning i för¬hållande till motparten, marknadsställning, typ av rättssubjekt och slutligen, till¬gång till juridisk expertis.

I analyskapitlet kokas slutligen dessa sju faktorer ned till tre, som tycks utgöra grunden för de hänsyn som tas till en parts relativa styrka, nämligen finansiell styrka, kunskap och erfarenhet samt marknadsställning. Dessa faktorer analyseras även ur ett ekonomiskt perspektiv där anledningen till att just dessa hänsyn tas förklaras med hjälp av mikroekonomisk teoribildning. (Less)
Abstract
The essay begins with a short presentation of three basic principles of contract law: the sanctity of contract, the freedom of contract and the principle of protection. Whereas the principles of sanctity and freedom of contract are definitely fundamental to contract law, situations sometimes occur that require deviation from these principles – for the protection of a weaker party for example. This constitutes the principle of protection. The identity of the party protected by this principle vary from one situation to another, although normally the law primarily protects weaker parties who assume an inferior position vis-à-vis its counterpart.

Subsequently, Swedish legal sources are examined for the reason of investigating the factors... (More)
The essay begins with a short presentation of three basic principles of contract law: the sanctity of contract, the freedom of contract and the principle of protection. Whereas the principles of sanctity and freedom of contract are definitely fundamental to contract law, situations sometimes occur that require deviation from these principles – for the protection of a weaker party for example. This constitutes the principle of protection. The identity of the party protected by this principle vary from one situation to another, although normally the law primarily protects weaker parties who assume an inferior position vis-à-vis its counterpart.

Subsequently, Swedish legal sources are examined for the reason of investigating the factors are taken into account in the evaluation of contractual inequality. Seven factors are identified as frequently occurring in the evaluation a party’s relative position of strength: financial strength, knowledge and experience, bargaining power, independence from the counter¬part, market position, type of legal entity and finally, access to legal counsel.

In a concluding chapter it is shown that these seven factors can in fact be compiled into three, which seem to be the primary basis of the consideration of a party’s inferiority. These three are financial strength, knowledge and experience and market position. Lastly, a microeconomic approach is used to analyze the findings and explain the consideration of inequality in contracts with microeconomic theory. (Less)
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author
Brännström, Elin LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20161
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
avtalsrätt, civilrätt, förmögenhetsrätt, avtal, rättsekonomi, jämkning, underlägsen ställning, konsumenträtt
language
Swedish
id
8873987
date added to LUP
2016-07-03 21:32:41
date last changed
2016-07-03 21:32:41
@misc{8873987,
  abstract     = {{The essay begins with a short presentation of three basic principles of contract law: the sanctity of contract, the freedom of contract and the principle of protection. Whereas the principles of sanctity and freedom of contract are definitely fundamental to contract law, situations sometimes occur that require deviation from these principles – for the protection of a weaker party for example. This constitutes the principle of protection. The identity of the party protected by this principle vary from one situation to another, although normally the law primarily protects weaker parties who assume an inferior position vis-à-vis its counterpart. 

Subsequently, Swedish legal sources are examined for the reason of investigating the factors are taken into account in the evaluation of contractual inequality. Seven factors are identified as frequently occurring in the evaluation a party’s relative position of strength: financial strength, knowledge and experience, bargaining power, independence from the counter¬part, market position, type of legal entity and finally, access to legal counsel.

In a concluding chapter it is shown that these seven factors can in fact be compiled into three, which seem to be the primary basis of the consideration of a party’s inferiority. These three are financial strength, knowledge and experience and market position. Lastly, a microeconomic approach is used to analyze the findings and explain the consideration of inequality in contracts with microeconomic theory.}},
  author       = {{Brännström, Elin}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Underdog - en avtalsrättslig analys av underlägsen ställning}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}