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Kompensationspraxis i den etiopiska exproprieringsprocessen

Persson, Martin LU (2016) VFT920 20152
Real Estate Science
Abstract
Development of the agricultural sector is among the top priorities for the Ethiopian government in order to keep up the economic development in the country. One way of reaching this is to undertake large-scale development projects, such as the Tana Beles Sugar Development Project described in this thesis. For this, large areas of land are required for the plantations. This land is expropriated from farmers living in the area.

There are a number of legislations regulating how and when expropriation can be done in Ethiopia. The key factors are that it must be for a public purpose, in accordance with due process of the law and accompanied by compensation. The purpose of this study is to determine how well those regulations align with the... (More)
Development of the agricultural sector is among the top priorities for the Ethiopian government in order to keep up the economic development in the country. One way of reaching this is to undertake large-scale development projects, such as the Tana Beles Sugar Development Project described in this thesis. For this, large areas of land are required for the plantations. This land is expropriated from farmers living in the area.

There are a number of legislations regulating how and when expropriation can be done in Ethiopia. The key factors are that it must be for a public purpose, in accordance with due process of the law and accompanied by compensation. The purpose of this study is to determine how well those regulations align with the methods practiced in the field and issues to implement the regulations. This includes the judicial, social and financial aspects of the expropriation process.

Field studies for this thesis were done in Amhara National Regional State where the property of more than 2500 families had been expropriated in order to make place for sugar plantations. Interviews were performed with people affected by the expropriation, government officials and individuals who took part in the valuation of property during the expropriation.

The study shows a significant discrepancy between the requirements in the legislations and the expropriation practice in the field. The affected people are to a large extent dissatisfied with how the expropriation process were undertaken, as well as the amount of compensation received for lost property. Furthermore the study points at issues with the training of the valuators involved in the process.

A general issue with the expropriation process is the lack of documentation and transparency. To a large extent important records were missing from the local authorities, which made the process hard to follow in retrospect. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Utveckling av jordbrukssektorn är en av de viktigaste prioriteringarna för den Etiopiska staten när det kommer till att upprätthålla landets ekonomiska utveckling. Ett sätt att uppnå detta är att satsa på storskaliga utvecklingsprojekt inom jordbruket, till exempel Tana Beles Sugar Development Project som den här uppsatsen kretsar kring. För att kunna anlägga detta har stora landarealer tagits i anspråk för sockerrörsplantage. Denna mark har exproprierats från jordbrukare som bor i området.

Det finns flera olika lagar och regleringar kring hur och när expropriering kan göras i Etiopien. Några av nyckelfaktorerna är att det måste ske till förmån för allmänviktiga syften, i enlighet med lagar och regler och åtföljas av kompensation.... (More)
Utveckling av jordbrukssektorn är en av de viktigaste prioriteringarna för den Etiopiska staten när det kommer till att upprätthålla landets ekonomiska utveckling. Ett sätt att uppnå detta är att satsa på storskaliga utvecklingsprojekt inom jordbruket, till exempel Tana Beles Sugar Development Project som den här uppsatsen kretsar kring. För att kunna anlägga detta har stora landarealer tagits i anspråk för sockerrörsplantage. Denna mark har exproprierats från jordbrukare som bor i området.

Det finns flera olika lagar och regleringar kring hur och när expropriering kan göras i Etiopien. Några av nyckelfaktorerna är att det måste ske till förmån för allmänviktiga syften, i enlighet med lagar och regler och åtföljas av kompensation. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att avgöra hur väl dessa regler stämmer överens med de metoder som används i fält och vilka problem det finns med att implementera dessa regleringar i praktiken. Detta innefattar såväl juridiska som sociala och ekonomiska aspekter av exproprieringsprocessen.

Fältstudierna för denna uppsats utfördes i Amhara National Regional State i ett område där marken från mer än 2500 hushåll har blivit exproprierade för att anlägga sockerrörsplantage. Intervjuer har utförts dels med personer som drabbats av exproprieringen, men också med representanter från lokala myndigheter och personer som var delaktiga i värderingen av tillgångar under exproprieringen.

Studien visar på en avsevärd diskrepans mellan de krav som lagen ställer och hur exproprieringen utfördes i praktiken. De som drabbades av exproprieringen visade på ett stort missnöje med hur hela processen gick till, såväl som med den ersättning som betalades ut för den förlorade egendomen. Studien påvisar också brister i den utbildning som värderarna har för att klara av sitt uppdrag.

En generell utmaning med expropriationsprocessen är avsaknaden av dokumentation och transperens. Centrala dokument och handlingar saknades i stor utsträckning hos de lokala myndigheterna, vilket gjorde expropriationsprocessen svårt att följa och utvärdera i efterhand. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Persson, Martin LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Compensation Practices in the Ethiopian Expropriation Process
course
VFT920 20152
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Expropriation, Amhara, Ethiopia, land rights, valuation
other publication id
ISRN/LUTVDG/TVLM/16/5375 SE
language
English
id
8895396
date added to LUP
2017-04-11 16:19:38
date last changed
2017-04-11 16:19:38
@misc{8895396,
  abstract     = {{Development of the agricultural sector is among the top priorities for the Ethiopian government in order to keep up the economic development in the country. One way of reaching this is to undertake large-scale development projects, such as the Tana Beles Sugar Development Project described in this thesis. For this, large areas of land are required for the plantations. This land is expropriated from farmers living in the area. 

There are a number of legislations regulating how and when expropriation can be done in Ethiopia. The key factors are that it must be for a public purpose, in accordance with due process of the law and accompanied by compensation. The purpose of this study is to determine how well those regulations align with the methods practiced in the field and issues to implement the regulations. This includes the judicial, social and financial aspects of the expropriation process. 

Field studies for this thesis were done in Amhara National Regional State where the property of more than 2500 families had been expropriated in order to make place for sugar plantations. Interviews were performed with people affected by the expropriation, government officials and individuals who took part in the valuation of property during the expropriation. 

The study shows a significant discrepancy between the requirements in the legislations and the expropriation practice in the field. The affected people are to a large extent dissatisfied with how the expropriation process were undertaken, as well as the amount of compensation received for lost property. Furthermore the study points at issues with the training of the valuators involved in the process. 

A general issue with the expropriation process is the lack of documentation and transparency. To a large extent important records were missing from the local authorities, which made the process hard to follow in retrospect.}},
  author       = {{Persson, Martin}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Kompensationspraxis i den etiopiska exproprieringsprocessen}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}