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Oantastliga Resonemang - En analys av domskälens betydelse för asylrättsliga ärenden

Delbono Grimståhl, Leandro (2017) JURM02 20161
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Asylärendena kännetecknas av vissa unika särdrag. Till dessa kan räknas den enskildes ofta prekära situation, och att beslutsfattaren ska ta ställning till huruvida den sökande befinner sig i en situation i vilken denne är berättigad internationellt skydd undan förföljelser eller inte. Även maktförhållandet parterna emellan stärker behovet av försiktighet från beslutsfattarens sida. För att hantera denna svåra ärendetyp har det i Sverige inrättats en specialdomstol för just migrationsmål.
För att se hur avgöranden i denna typ av mål motiveras går arbetet därför vidare till att diskutera varför det är viktigt att avgöranden motiveras, samt hur detta ska göras.
Uppsatsen ger en historisk genomgång av det reformarbete som varit avgörande... (More)
Asylärendena kännetecknas av vissa unika särdrag. Till dessa kan räknas den enskildes ofta prekära situation, och att beslutsfattaren ska ta ställning till huruvida den sökande befinner sig i en situation i vilken denne är berättigad internationellt skydd undan förföljelser eller inte. Även maktförhållandet parterna emellan stärker behovet av försiktighet från beslutsfattarens sida. För att hantera denna svåra ärendetyp har det i Sverige inrättats en specialdomstol för just migrationsmål.
För att se hur avgöranden i denna typ av mål motiveras går arbetet därför vidare till att diskutera varför det är viktigt att avgöranden motiveras, samt hur detta ska göras.
Uppsatsen ger en historisk genomgång av det reformarbete som varit avgörande för hur domskäl fått den roll som de har idag. Detta följs upp av en genomgång av domskälens rättsliga funktioner. Det fastslås att domskäl inte får rättskraft, och endast undantagsvis kan överklagas.
Därefter redogörs för varför domskäl skrivs, med en förklaring av bakomliggande värden och tankar. Domskälen författas således dels för beslutsfattarens egen skull, dels för allmänhetens skull, samt dels för parternas skull. Genom att se till olika, för svensk rätt relevanta, rättskällor försöker uppsatsen besvara frågan hur motiveringar ska skrivas. Fast regelverk på denna punkt saknas, men som allmän regel gäller att fallet avgör hur domskälen skrivs.
Arbetet sammanfogar därefter asylrättens särskiljande egenskaper och tillhörande svårigheter med motiveringsfrågan. Både de bakomliggande orsakerna till domskälens existens och riktlinjerna hur desamma ska utformas kopplas samman med åtta konkreta asylrättsliga fall. Fallen granskas, och illustrerar hur kvaliteten efter de ovan utstakade riktlinjerna varierar kraftigt.
Uppsatsen avslutas med en analys som redogör för frågorna hur och varför domskäl skrivs, och sammanfogar dessa tankar med hur de är av relevans för prövningen i asylärenden. (Less)
Abstract
The asylum process is characterised by certain unique features. Amongst these are the precarious situation of the applicant, and the fact that the decision maker is to decide whether or not the applicant is in a situation that entitles him or her to international protection. The balance of power between the two parties is also a key feature that strengthens the need of caution by the decision maker. In order to properly deal with these complicated cases, Sweden has established a special court.
In order to establish what a courts reasons should look like in these types of cases in particular, the paper goes on to discuss the importance of giving reasons for a decisions, as well as how these reasons are to be formulated.
The paper gives a... (More)
The asylum process is characterised by certain unique features. Amongst these are the precarious situation of the applicant, and the fact that the decision maker is to decide whether or not the applicant is in a situation that entitles him or her to international protection. The balance of power between the two parties is also a key feature that strengthens the need of caution by the decision maker. In order to properly deal with these complicated cases, Sweden has established a special court.
In order to establish what a courts reasons should look like in these types of cases in particular, the paper goes on to discuss the importance of giving reasons for a decisions, as well as how these reasons are to be formulated.
The paper gives a review of the historical developments of legal reforms that lead to court reasons having the importance that they have today. This is followed by a review of the legal functions of court reasons. The paper establishes that court reasons does not acquire legal effect, and that they can only be the focus of an appeal in exceptional circumstances.
After this, the underlying values and ideas for giving reasons to a decision are outlined. A decision is thus explained through the reasons for the sake of the decision maker, as well as for the sake of the public and the parties in question. By looking to different sources of law relevant to the Swedish legal system the paper attempts to give an answers to the question as how the reasons should be formed. Even though the question is not regulated in a more strict form, the general rule is that the case decides the forming of the reasons.
The paper subsequently fits together the unique qualities of asylum law and its considerations, with the importance of giving reasons for a decision. Both the underlying logic for the existence of reasons and the guidelines on how these are to be formulated are connected to the review of eight real-life asylum cases. The cases are analysed, and gives an illustration of the cases to a very varying degree adheres to the aforementioned guidelines.
The paper ends with an analysis that explains how and why reasons are added to court rulings, and links together these ideas with how the reasons are relevant to the asylum procedure. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Delbono Grimståhl, Leandro
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Unassailable Reasonings - A review of immigration judgments
course
JURM02 20161
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Domskäl, Asylrätt, Motiveringar, Folkrätt
language
Swedish
id
8906138
date added to LUP
2017-04-25 17:58:52
date last changed
2017-04-26 04:08:25
@misc{8906138,
  abstract     = {{The asylum process is characterised by certain unique features. Amongst these are the precarious situation of the applicant, and the fact that the decision maker is to decide whether or not the applicant is in a situation that entitles him or her to international protection. The balance of power between the two parties is also a key feature that strengthens the need of caution by the decision maker. In order to properly deal with these complicated cases, Sweden has established a special court.
In order to establish what a courts reasons should look like in these types of cases in particular, the paper goes on to discuss the importance of giving reasons for a decisions, as well as how these reasons are to be formulated.
The paper gives a review of the historical developments of legal reforms that lead to court reasons having the importance that they have today. This is followed by a review of the legal functions of court reasons. The paper establishes that court reasons does not acquire legal effect, and that they can only be the focus of an appeal in exceptional circumstances.
After this, the underlying values and ideas for giving reasons to a decision are outlined. A decision is thus explained through the reasons for the sake of the decision maker, as well as for the sake of the public and the parties in question. By looking to different sources of law relevant to the Swedish legal system the paper attempts to give an answers to the question as how the reasons should be formed. Even though the question is not regulated in a more strict form, the general rule is that the case decides the forming of the reasons.
The paper subsequently fits together the unique qualities of asylum law and its considerations, with the importance of giving reasons for a decision. Both the underlying logic for the existence of reasons and the guidelines on how these are to be formulated are connected to the review of eight real-life asylum cases. The cases are analysed, and gives an illustration of the cases to a very varying degree adheres to the aforementioned guidelines.
The paper ends with an analysis that explains how and why reasons are added to court rulings, and links together these ideas with how the reasons are relevant to the asylum procedure.}},
  author       = {{Delbono Grimståhl, Leandro}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Oantastliga Resonemang - En analys av domskälens betydelse för asylrättsliga ärenden}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}