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Sport och straff – En analys av samspelet mellan idrottslig och rättslig bestraffning av samma gärning

Fredriksson, Jesper LU (2017) JURM02 20172
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The sports movement and its system are special. The movement enjoys a strong autonomy relative to the rest of society and it is more similar to public legal systems than other non-state systems in regard to the extent of its rules. At the same time, it receives large appropriations from the public in order to be able to maintain a functioning system. The members of a sports association are legally bound by the by-laws of organizations higher up in the sports movement pyramid, perhaps without the members knowing about it. The use of arbitration clauses keeps conflict resolution within the movement.

However, an act punishable according to the rules of the sport may in some cases be punishable according to criminal law as well, and sports... (More)
The sports movement and its system are special. The movement enjoys a strong autonomy relative to the rest of society and it is more similar to public legal systems than other non-state systems in regard to the extent of its rules. At the same time, it receives large appropriations from the public in order to be able to maintain a functioning system. The members of a sports association are legally bound by the by-laws of organizations higher up in the sports movement pyramid, perhaps without the members knowing about it. The use of arbitration clauses keeps conflict resolution within the movement.

However, an act punishable according to the rules of the sport may in some cases be punishable according to criminal law as well, and sports related cases can of course be reviewed by public courts. This possible dual punishment may result in the total sanction being too harsh, at least when the athlete is punished financially by both systems. Swedish public courts can regard prior disciplinary sanctions and lower the punishment to ease the dual punishment effect. The disciplinary procedure in sports prohibits some forms of dual punishment.

Doping sanctions in sports are fairly special since athletes can be disciplined despite having used the prohibited substance by mistake. The athlete may be suspended for life on the occasion of repeated doping violations, and professional athletes are therefore prevented from working and earning money the same way as before. I believe this motivates further consideration from the public courts when deciding the appropriate punishment in a possible criminal procedure. It would however be rare that an athlete suspended from competing ever again is punished in a public court for the same act. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Idrottsrörelsen och dess organisation är speciell. Den åtnjuter en stark autonomi i förhållande till det allmänna och har i högre grad än andra icke-statliga system stora likheter med nationella rättssystem avseende bl.a. reglernas omfattning. Samtidigt erhåller den stora resurser från det allmänna för att kunna bedriva rörelsen. Medlemmarna i en idrottsförening binds på avtalsrättslig grund av hierarkiskt högre stående organisationers stadgar, utan att kanske alltid inse det. Bruket av skiljeklausuler leder till att idrottens konfliktlösning allt som oftast hålls kvar inom idrottsrörelsen själv.

I vissa fall kan emellertid en på en idrottsplan bestraffningsbar handling också vara straffbar enligt det nationella straffrättsliga... (More)
Idrottsrörelsen och dess organisation är speciell. Den åtnjuter en stark autonomi i förhållande till det allmänna och har i högre grad än andra icke-statliga system stora likheter med nationella rättssystem avseende bl.a. reglernas omfattning. Samtidigt erhåller den stora resurser från det allmänna för att kunna bedriva rörelsen. Medlemmarna i en idrottsförening binds på avtalsrättslig grund av hierarkiskt högre stående organisationers stadgar, utan att kanske alltid inse det. Bruket av skiljeklausuler leder till att idrottens konfliktlösning allt som oftast hålls kvar inom idrottsrörelsen själv.

I vissa fall kan emellertid en på en idrottsplan bestraffningsbar handling också vara straffbar enligt det nationella straffrättsliga systemet, som givetvis kan pröva idrottsrelaterade fall. En sådan möjlig dubbelbestraffning – alltså straff utfärdat av både det idrottsliga och det rättsliga systemet – kan resultera i en alltför sträng sammanlagd påföljd, åtminstone i de fall då en idrottsutövare bestraffas ekonomiskt av båda systemen. Svensk allmän domstol kan tillämpa strafflindrande billighetsskäl vid straffmätningen, där disciplinär påföljd kan falla under två av de angivna skälen som föranleder strafflindring. Den idrottsinterna processen innehåller ett visst förbud mot rent idrottslig dubbelbestraffning.

Idrottsliga dopingsanktioner är speciella på så sätt de kan ådömas idrottare som fått i sig en förbjuden substans av misstag. Vid upprepade förseelser kan utövaren bli avstängd på livstid, genom vilken professionella idrottare förhindras att bedriva sin tidigare inkomstbringande verksamhet. I min mening motiverar detta ytterligare strafflindring vid straffmätning av allmän domstol i en eventuell straffprocess. I praktiken bör det dock ske relativt sällan att idrottare som blivit avstängda från fortsatt tävlande på livstid även straffas i domstol. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Fredriksson, Jesper LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Sports and punishment – An analysis of the interplay between judicial punishment and punishment according to the rules of sports
course
JURM02 20172
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Straffrätt, straffprocessrätt, civilrätt, associationsrätt, avtalsrätt, idrottsjuridik, idrott, criminal law, criminal procedure, private law, sports law, sports
language
Swedish
id
8930174
date added to LUP
2018-01-29 14:41:11
date last changed
2018-01-29 14:41:11
@misc{8930174,
  abstract     = {{The sports movement and its system are special. The movement enjoys a strong autonomy relative to the rest of society and it is more similar to public legal systems than other non-state systems in regard to the extent of its rules. At the same time, it receives large appropriations from the public in order to be able to maintain a functioning system. The members of a sports association are legally bound by the by-laws of organizations higher up in the sports movement pyramid, perhaps without the members knowing about it. The use of arbitration clauses keeps conflict resolution within the movement.

However, an act punishable according to the rules of the sport may in some cases be punishable according to criminal law as well, and sports related cases can of course be reviewed by public courts. This possible dual punishment may result in the total sanction being too harsh, at least when the athlete is punished financially by both systems. Swedish public courts can regard prior disciplinary sanctions and lower the punishment to ease the dual punishment effect. The disciplinary procedure in sports prohibits some forms of dual punishment.

Doping sanctions in sports are fairly special since athletes can be disciplined despite having used the prohibited substance by mistake. The athlete may be suspended for life on the occasion of repeated doping violations, and professional athletes are therefore prevented from working and earning money the same way as before. I believe this motivates further consideration from the public courts when deciding the appropriate punishment in a possible criminal procedure. It would however be rare that an athlete suspended from competing ever again is punished in a public court for the same act.}},
  author       = {{Fredriksson, Jesper}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Sport och straff – En analys av samspelet mellan idrottslig och rättslig bestraffning av samma gärning}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}