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Babelsberg konferensen 1958 - DDR:s rättsvetenskapliga utveckling från tiden som sovjetisk ockupationszon till 1958

Klingberg, Jacob LU (2017) LAGF03 20172
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
DDR bildades som självständig stat år 1949, efter att ha varit en sovjetisk ockupationszon sedan andra världskrigets slut. Redan under ockupationsåren, samt den nybildade självständiga statens första år, centraliserades makten till det enväldiga partiet SED och en alltmer totalitär stat växte fram.
I utvecklingen mot totalitarism spelade rättsvetenskapen en stor roll. Den östtyska rättsvetenskapen präglades av marxist-leninistiska och stalinistiska perspektiv; det gamla borgerliga samhället skulle omintetgöras och det nya socialistiska samhället utvecklas. En av de viktigaste frågorna inom rättsvetenskapen var hur det nya samhällssystemet skulle legitimeras. Denna fråga skulle komma att prägla den östtyska rättsvetenskapen ända fram till... (More)
DDR bildades som självständig stat år 1949, efter att ha varit en sovjetisk ockupationszon sedan andra världskrigets slut. Redan under ockupationsåren, samt den nybildade självständiga statens första år, centraliserades makten till det enväldiga partiet SED och en alltmer totalitär stat växte fram.
I utvecklingen mot totalitarism spelade rättsvetenskapen en stor roll. Den östtyska rättsvetenskapen präglades av marxist-leninistiska och stalinistiska perspektiv; det gamla borgerliga samhället skulle omintetgöras och det nya socialistiska samhället utvecklas. En av de viktigaste frågorna inom rättsvetenskapen var hur det nya samhällssystemet skulle legitimeras. Denna fråga skulle komma att prägla den östtyska rättsvetenskapen ända fram till Babelsberg konferensen, den 2–3 april 1958.
Det fanns flera samhälleliga utvecklingslinjer som ledde fram till Babelsberg konferensen. Såväl den rättsstatliga, akademiska som rättsvetenskapliga utvecklingen spelade in. Den för arbetet centrala utvecklingslinjen var den rättsvetenskapliga, vilken kan indelas i två faser. Den första var den hög-stalinistiska perioden mellan 1949–1954, då rättsvetenskapen användes för att påvisa ett enhetligt rättssystem. Målet var att upplösa den spänning som fanns mellan SED:s planekonomiska samhällsmål och den regelbaserade rätten. Den andra perioden fortgick under åren 1954–1958. Nämnda period innebar en något friare rättsvetenskap där en systemintern kritik av det förhärskande systemet växte fram. Denna utveckling mot en friare rättsvetenskap skulle stoppas helt i och med Babelsberg konferensen 1958.
Under konferensen fastslog SED att partiet var folkets främsta företrädare. Partiets vilja var således också folkets vilja och alla beslut tagna av partiet ansågs därmed legitimerade av folket. Denna förklaringsmodell innebar inte att den östtyska problematiken kring legitimeringen av samhällssystemet löstes. Däremot stärkte SED sin makt genom att dra tydliga linjer för hur rättsvetenskapliga problem av den här sorten fick adresseras. Babelsberg konferensen innebar därmed en kulmen för ett antal samhälleliga utvecklingslinjer, med resultatet att SED stärkte sin makt men misslyckades att rättsvetenskapligt legitimera det östtyska samhällssystemet. (Less)
Abstract
The GDR became a sovereign state in 1949 after four years as a Soviet occupation-zone after World War II. Already during the years of occupation and the very first years of independence, the power was centralized to the autocratic party SED and an increasingly totalitarian society was formed.
In the development towards a totalitarian society, the legal theory played an important part. The East German legal theory was characterized of a Marxist-Leninist and a Stalinist perspective; the old society of the bourgeoise should be destroyed and the new socialistic society should be built. One of the most important questions of the East German legal theory was the new legal systems level of legality. This question would haunt the East German... (More)
The GDR became a sovereign state in 1949 after four years as a Soviet occupation-zone after World War II. Already during the years of occupation and the very first years of independence, the power was centralized to the autocratic party SED and an increasingly totalitarian society was formed.
In the development towards a totalitarian society, the legal theory played an important part. The East German legal theory was characterized of a Marxist-Leninist and a Stalinist perspective; the old society of the bourgeoise should be destroyed and the new socialistic society should be built. One of the most important questions of the East German legal theory was the new legal systems level of legality. This question would haunt the East German legal theory until the Babelsberg Conference of 1958.
There were several societal developments that led up to the Babelsberg Conference: constitutional, academical and legal theoretical changes all played a part. The most central line of development for this paper, was the development in the field of legal theory, which can be divided into two historical periods.
The first was the high Stalinist period of 1949-1954, when the legal theory was used with the intent to present a unified picture of the legal system. The purpose was to resolve the tension between SED:s planned economy and the ruled-oriented legal discipline. The second period proceeded during the years of 1954-1958. During this period, the legal theory experienced more freedom of speech and therefore a system-internal critic of the current legal system became reality. This progression towards a more unbound legal theory would later be completely stopped due to the Babelsberg Conference.
During the Conference the SED decided that they were the people’s prime representatives. The will of the party, were thus also the will of the people. Therefore, all the decisions made by the SED were made in a legitimate order. This model of explanation wouldn’t solve the problem with the level of legality of the East German legal system. On the other hand, the SED strengthened their power by making clear how problems related to this issue might be addressed in the future. The Babelsberg Conference of 1958 thereby meant a culmination of several societal developments. Through the Conference the SED managed to strengthen their power, but failed to legitimize the East German legal system. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Klingberg, Jacob LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20172
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Rättshistoria, Rättsvetenskap, Allmän rättslära
language
Swedish
id
8930453
date added to LUP
2018-02-06 14:27:29
date last changed
2018-02-06 14:27:29
@misc{8930453,
  abstract     = {{The GDR became a sovereign state in 1949 after four years as a Soviet occupation-zone after World War II. Already during the years of occupation and the very first years of independence, the power was centralized to the autocratic party SED and an increasingly totalitarian society was formed. 
In the development towards a totalitarian society, the legal theory played an important part. The East German legal theory was characterized of a Marxist-Leninist and a Stalinist perspective; the old society of the bourgeoise should be destroyed and the new socialistic society should be built. One of the most important questions of the East German legal theory was the new legal systems level of legality. This question would haunt the East German legal theory until the Babelsberg Conference of 1958. 
There were several societal developments that led up to the Babelsberg Conference: constitutional, academical and legal theoretical changes all played a part. The most central line of development for this paper, was the development in the field of legal theory, which can be divided into two historical periods. 
The first was the high Stalinist period of 1949-1954, when the legal theory was used with the intent to present a unified picture of the legal system. The purpose was to resolve the tension between SED:s planned economy and the ruled-oriented legal discipline. The second period proceeded during the years of 1954-1958. During this period, the legal theory experienced more freedom of speech and therefore a system-internal critic of the current legal system became reality. This progression towards a more unbound legal theory would later be completely stopped due to the Babelsberg Conference. 
During the Conference the SED decided that they were the people’s prime representatives. The will of the party, were thus also the will of the people. Therefore, all the decisions made by the SED were made in a legitimate order. This model of explanation wouldn’t solve the problem with the level of legality of the East German legal system. On the other hand, the SED strengthened their power by making clear how problems related to this issue might be addressed in the future. The Babelsberg Conference of 1958 thereby meant a culmination of several societal developments. Through the Conference the SED managed to strengthen their power, but failed to legitimize the East German legal system.}},
  author       = {{Klingberg, Jacob}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Babelsberg konferensen 1958 - DDR:s rättsvetenskapliga utveckling från tiden som sovjetisk ockupationszon till 1958}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}