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Det får revisorn stå för! - En analys av revisorns skadeståndsansvar enligt 29 kap. ABL, med särskilt fokus på det externa skadeståndsansvaret

Johannesson, Rasmus LU (2018) JURM02 20181
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Denna uppsats berör revisorns skadeståndsansvar enligt 29 kap. aktiebolagslagen (2005:551), ABL. En revisor som när han eller hon fullgör sitt uppdrag uppsåtligen eller av oaktsamhet skadar bolaget ska ersätta skadan. Detsamma gäller om skadan drabbar en aktieägare eller någon annan genom en överträdelse av ABL, tillämplig lag om årsredovisning eller bolagsordningen. Uppsatsen fokuserar huvudsakligen på det skadeståndsansvar som gäller i förhållande till en aktieägare eller någon annan. Detta ansvar är känt som det externa skadeståndsansvaret.

Högsta domstolen har under senare tid berört det externa ansvaret i två mål; NJA 2014 s. 272 och NJA 2017 s. 1011. Med hjälp av dessa avgöranden försöker jag klargöra vad som krävs för att en... (More)
Denna uppsats berör revisorns skadeståndsansvar enligt 29 kap. aktiebolagslagen (2005:551), ABL. En revisor som när han eller hon fullgör sitt uppdrag uppsåtligen eller av oaktsamhet skadar bolaget ska ersätta skadan. Detsamma gäller om skadan drabbar en aktieägare eller någon annan genom en överträdelse av ABL, tillämplig lag om årsredovisning eller bolagsordningen. Uppsatsen fokuserar huvudsakligen på det skadeståndsansvar som gäller i förhållande till en aktieägare eller någon annan. Detta ansvar är känt som det externa skadeståndsansvaret.

Högsta domstolen har under senare tid berört det externa ansvaret i två mål; NJA 2014 s. 272 och NJA 2017 s. 1011. Med hjälp av dessa avgöranden försöker jag klargöra vad som krävs för att en revisor ska bli skadeståndsskyldig gentemot ”en aktieägare eller någon annan”. I denna fråga är min slutsats att det först och främst krävs att revisorn har handlat eller har underlåtit att handla inom ramen för sitt revisionsuppdrag. Vidare krävs det att revisorn har varit oaktsam genom att överträda ABL, tillämplig lag om årsredovisning eller bolagsordningen. Den bestämmelse som har överträtts måste också syfta till att skydda den kategori som den skadelidande tillhör. Det krävs även att det finns ett orsakssamband mellan handlandet eller underlåtenheten och skadan. Till sist måste det också finnas en ekonomisk skada.

Uppsatsen berör även den diskussion som har förts om att begränsa revisorns skadeståndsansvar. Problematiken med att revisorn kan behöva utge mycket stora skadestånd har uppmärksammats både av den Europeiska kommissionen och i svenska utredningar. En av anledningarna till att frågan har blivit aktuell är den marknadskoncentration som finns på revisionsmarknaden. PwC, Deloitte, EY och KPMG har en stor marknadsandel när det gäller revision av noterade bolag. Det har gjorts gällande att en anledning till denna marknadskoncentration är att de stora skadestånd som kan drabba en revisor som granskar sådana bolag avhåller andra aktörer från att ge sig in på denna marknad. Ett flertal olika förslag om att begränsa revisorns skadeståndsansvar har presenterats, men inget av dem har ännu lett till ändrad lagstiftning. Vid min diskussion och utvärdering av dessa förslag kommer jag till slutsatsen att en mer genomgripande förändring inte bör göras i dagsläget. I den mån begränsningar av skadeståndsansvaret införs bör det handla om att tillåta avtalslösningar mellan parterna och genom en ändring av jämkningsregeln. (Less)
Abstract
This essay is about the auditor’s liability for damages according to the Swedish Companies Act (2005:551). If an auditor, due to intent or negligence, causes damages to the company during his or her mission as an auditor, he or she shall indemnify the company. The same is true if the auditor causes damages to a shareholder or someone else due to a violation of the Companies Act, the applicable law on annual report or the articles of the association. The main focus of this essay is on the auditor’s liability towards a shareholder or someone else.

The Supreme Court recently ruled in two cases concerning the auditor’s liability towards a shareholder or someone else; NJA 2014 p. 272 and NJA 2017 p. 1011. With the help of these two rulings,... (More)
This essay is about the auditor’s liability for damages according to the Swedish Companies Act (2005:551). If an auditor, due to intent or negligence, causes damages to the company during his or her mission as an auditor, he or she shall indemnify the company. The same is true if the auditor causes damages to a shareholder or someone else due to a violation of the Companies Act, the applicable law on annual report or the articles of the association. The main focus of this essay is on the auditor’s liability towards a shareholder or someone else.

The Supreme Court recently ruled in two cases concerning the auditor’s liability towards a shareholder or someone else; NJA 2014 p. 272 and NJA 2017 p. 1011. With the help of these two rulings, I try to determine the requirements for an auditor to become liable towards a shareholder or someone else. My conclusion is that the auditor must have acted or failed to act in his or her capacity as an auditor. Furthermore, the auditor must have been negligent by violating the Companies Act, the applicable law on annual report or the articles of the association. The provision that has been violated must have the purpose of protecting the claimant. There must also be a causation between the auditor’s action or failure to act and the damage occurred. The damage must be an economic loss.

The essay also deals with the discussion regarding the need to limit the auditor’s liability. The fact that the auditor may have to pay a lot in damages has received attention from the European Commission and has been discussed in Swedish reports. One of the reasons this question has gained attention is due to the market concentration on the audit market. PwC, Deloitte, EY and KPMG have a high market share when it comes to the auditing of listed companies. It has been argued that one of the reason for this, is that the risk of being forced to pay large damages deters others from entering this audit market. Several different proposals have been made in order to limit the auditor’s liability, but none of them have led to a change in the legislation. In my opinion there should not be any extensive changes in this field at the moment. If changes were to be introduced, it should be about letting the parties limit the liability on a contractual basis and modifying the provision on adjustment of liability. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Johannesson, Rasmus LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
An analysis of the auditor's liability for damages according to the Swedish Companies Act
course
JURM02 20181
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
associationsrätt, EU-rätt, skadeståndsrätt
language
Swedish
id
8941836
date added to LUP
2018-06-21 12:31:23
date last changed
2018-06-21 12:31:23
@misc{8941836,
  abstract     = {{This essay is about the auditor’s liability for damages according to the Swedish Companies Act (2005:551). If an auditor, due to intent or negligence, causes damages to the company during his or her mission as an auditor, he or she shall indemnify the company. The same is true if the auditor causes damages to a shareholder or someone else due to a violation of the Companies Act, the applicable law on annual report or the articles of the association. The main focus of this essay is on the auditor’s liability towards a shareholder or someone else.

The Supreme Court recently ruled in two cases concerning the auditor’s liability towards a shareholder or someone else; NJA 2014 p. 272 and NJA 2017 p. 1011. With the help of these two rulings, I try to determine the requirements for an auditor to become liable towards a shareholder or someone else. My conclusion is that the auditor must have acted or failed to act in his or her capacity as an auditor. Furthermore, the auditor must have been negligent by violating the Companies Act, the applicable law on annual report or the articles of the association. The provision that has been violated must have the purpose of protecting the claimant. There must also be a causation between the auditor’s action or failure to act and the damage occurred. The damage must be an economic loss.

The essay also deals with the discussion regarding the need to limit the auditor’s liability. The fact that the auditor may have to pay a lot in damages has received attention from the European Commission and has been discussed in Swedish reports. One of the reasons this question has gained attention is due to the market concentration on the audit market. PwC, Deloitte, EY and KPMG have a high market share when it comes to the auditing of listed companies. It has been argued that one of the reason for this, is that the risk of being forced to pay large damages deters others from entering this audit market. Several different proposals have been made in order to limit the auditor’s liability, but none of them have led to a change in the legislation. In my opinion there should not be any extensive changes in this field at the moment. If changes were to be introduced, it should be about letting the parties limit the liability on a contractual basis and modifying the provision on adjustment of liability.}},
  author       = {{Johannesson, Rasmus}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Det får revisorn stå för! - En analys av revisorns skadeståndsansvar enligt 29 kap. ABL, med särskilt fokus på det externa skadeståndsansvaret}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}