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Människors förflyttning i trappor

Axelsson, Stephanie LU (2018) In LUTVDG/TVBB VBRM01 20182
Division of Fire Safety Engineering
Abstract (Swedish)
Vid dimensionering av brandskyddet för en byggnad är utrymning en viktig aspekt. För att få en bild av hur utrymning sker i byggnader finns det en del simuleringsprogram till förfogande. Simuleringarna bygger på indata som användaren stoppar in i programmet och beroende på vilka värden som används kan resultatet variera.

Thompson et al. (2015) förklarar att de värden på flöden som används idag samlades in mellan 1950-talet och 1970-talet. Problematiken är att befolkningens demografi har förändrats sedan dess, andelen överviktiga och äldre har under de senaste 40 åren ökat och förväntas fortsätta öka. Med detta i åtanke förväntas människor röra sig långsammare och med hänsyn till andelen överviktiga kommer persontätheten att minska.... (More)
Vid dimensionering av brandskyddet för en byggnad är utrymning en viktig aspekt. För att få en bild av hur utrymning sker i byggnader finns det en del simuleringsprogram till förfogande. Simuleringarna bygger på indata som användaren stoppar in i programmet och beroende på vilka värden som används kan resultatet variera.

Thompson et al. (2015) förklarar att de värden på flöden som används idag samlades in mellan 1950-talet och 1970-talet. Problematiken är att befolkningens demografi har förändrats sedan dess, andelen överviktiga och äldre har under de senaste 40 åren ökat och förväntas fortsätta öka. Med detta i åtanke förväntas människor röra sig långsammare och med hänsyn till andelen överviktiga kommer persontätheten att minska. Detta leder till att de flöden som normalt används vid simuleringar kan ha minskats vilket då betyder att det idag tillåts en för hög persontäthet vilket leder till att det finns en risk att utrymningstiden blir för kort.

För att ta reda på om värdena på persontäthet, flöden och hastighet i trappor har förändrats med tiden och hur personerna går i förhållande till andra påverkar avståndet mellan dem har observationer utförts av en trappa på Lindab arena i Ängelholm. (Less)
Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to investigate person density in relation to flow and speed in stairs and also how the different configurations affect the inter-person distance. This is done by observing people's movement in real environments. These observations were made at a staircase at Lindab Arena in Ängelholm on several occasions in the event that visitors were about to leave the arena after a match was finished. The staircase was observed by means of a film camera where the recording was studied and subsequently analyzed.

The background of this thesis is that when dimensioning the fire protection of a building, different simulation programs are used for evacuation, where the simulations are based on inputs that the user intercepts in... (More)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate person density in relation to flow and speed in stairs and also how the different configurations affect the inter-person distance. This is done by observing people's movement in real environments. These observations were made at a staircase at Lindab Arena in Ängelholm on several occasions in the event that visitors were about to leave the arena after a match was finished. The staircase was observed by means of a film camera where the recording was studied and subsequently analyzed.

The background of this thesis is that when dimensioning the fire protection of a building, different simulation programs are used for evacuation, where the simulations are based on inputs that the user intercepts in the program. When calculating evacuation through stairs, a flow is usually used as a product of velocity and density. The values used for simulations today were presented over 40 years ago and the population's demographics have changed a lot since then. It is therefore interesting to find out if the values recommended for density, flow and velocity differ from what it looks like today. The results indicate that values for density and flow are slightly higher than previous studies presented and the values for speed is lower. The results also indicate that how the evacuees walk in relation to each other seems to play a role in how close people walk in the stairs. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Axelsson, Stephanie LU
supervisor
organization
course
VBRM01 20182
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Persontäthet, flöde, hastighet, trappor, arena, avstånd, person density, flow, speed, stairs, inter-person distance.
publication/series
LUTVDG/TVBB
report number
5577
other publication id
LUTVDG/TVBB--5577--SE
language
Swedish
id
8964414
date added to LUP
2018-12-20 09:27:07
date last changed
2018-12-20 09:27:07
@misc{8964414,
  abstract     = {{The aim of this thesis is to investigate person density in relation to flow and speed in stairs and also how the different configurations affect the inter-person distance. This is done by observing people's movement in real environments. These observations were made at a staircase at Lindab Arena in Ängelholm on several occasions in the event that visitors were about to leave the arena after a match was finished. The staircase was observed by means of a film camera where the recording was studied and subsequently analyzed.

The background of this thesis is that when dimensioning the fire protection of a building, different simulation programs are used for evacuation, where the simulations are based on inputs that the user intercepts in the program. When calculating evacuation through stairs, a flow is usually used as a product of velocity and density. The values used for simulations today were presented over 40 years ago and the population's demographics have changed a lot since then. It is therefore interesting to find out if the values recommended for density, flow and velocity differ from what it looks like today. The results indicate that values for density and flow are slightly higher than previous studies presented and the values for speed is lower. The results also indicate that how the evacuees walk in relation to each other seems to play a role in how close people walk in the stairs.}},
  author       = {{Axelsson, Stephanie}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  series       = {{LUTVDG/TVBB}},
  title        = {{Människors förflyttning i trappor}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}