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En av historiens stora tystnader - Utgör våldtäkter i icke-internationella konflikter brott mot mänskligheten?

Dalman, Julia LU (2018) LAGF03 20182
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Våldtäkt har sedan förra seklets mitt kommit att bli en medveten strategi i icke-internationella konflikter. Sedan 1990-talet har ämnet varit högaktuellt inom folkrättsliga kretsar och har bland annat lett till skapandet av flertalet tillfälliga och en permanent internationell brottsmålsdomstol.

Trots detta är kriminalisering av fenomenet bristfällig vad gäller icke-internationella konflikter. Redan i kölvattnet av andra världskriget fastslogs våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten i internationella väpnade konflikter. Det var inte förrän under 1990-talet som det internationella samfundet sökte kriminalisera våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten även i icke-internationella konflikter. Emellertid står Bosco Ntaganda numera åtalad... (More)
Våldtäkt har sedan förra seklets mitt kommit att bli en medveten strategi i icke-internationella konflikter. Sedan 1990-talet har ämnet varit högaktuellt inom folkrättsliga kretsar och har bland annat lett till skapandet av flertalet tillfälliga och en permanent internationell brottsmålsdomstol.

Trots detta är kriminalisering av fenomenet bristfällig vad gäller icke-internationella konflikter. Redan i kölvattnet av andra världskriget fastslogs våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten i internationella väpnade konflikter. Det var inte förrän under 1990-talet som det internationella samfundet sökte kriminalisera våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten även i icke-internationella konflikter. Emellertid står Bosco Ntaganda numera åtalad inför ICC för flertalet brott, däribland våldtäkt som brott mot mänskligheten. I skrivande stund har rättegång hållits men dom inte meddelats.

Uppsatsens syfte är att lyfta fram problematiken med våldtäkter som begås i tider av icke-internationella konflikter i förhållande till våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten. Utifrån ett rättsutvecklingsperspektiv analyseras huruvida kriminaliseringen av våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten bortses ifrån i den internationella straffrätten.

Uppsatsen argumenterar för att internationell straffrätt inte bortser från kriminalisering av våldtäkt som ett brott mot mänskligheten i icke-internationella konflikter men att kriminaliseringen är bristfällig och att den har både potential och ansvar att förbättras för offrens skull. (Less)
Abstract
Since the mid 20th century rape has been a conscious strategy in armed
conflicts of a non- international character. The subject has been highly
topical in international law since the 1990s and has led to the creation of several ad hoc criminal tribunals and one permanent international criminal court.

Even so, the criminalization of rape and other forms of sexual violence in non international armed conflicts is deficient. After the second World War rape was declared as a crime against humanity when committed within the scope of international armed conflicts. However it was not until the 1990’s that the international community declared rape as a crime against humanity in armed conflicts of a non- international character. The... (More)
Since the mid 20th century rape has been a conscious strategy in armed
conflicts of a non- international character. The subject has been highly
topical in international law since the 1990s and has led to the creation of several ad hoc criminal tribunals and one permanent international criminal court.

Even so, the criminalization of rape and other forms of sexual violence in non international armed conflicts is deficient. After the second World War rape was declared as a crime against humanity when committed within the scope of international armed conflicts. However it was not until the 1990’s that the international community declared rape as a crime against humanity in armed conflicts of a non- international character. The International Criminal Court has, despite the fact that rape is considered a crime against humanity, failed to convict anyone for such a crime. However, Bosco Ntaganda is currently under prosecution before the ICC for several crimes, amongst them rape as a crime against humanity in a non- international armed conflict. As of now, the trial has been held but a decision has not yet been made.

The purpose of this essay is to highlight the systematic acts of rape which are committed during times of non international armed conflicts vis-á-vis rape as a crime against humanity. Furthermore the essay aims to analyse whether international criminal law disregard rape as a crime against humanity during non- international conflicts from a perspective of how the law has developed.

This essay argues that although international criminal law classifies rape as a crime against humanity when committed in the scope of a non2
international conflicts, international law is insufficient and therefore has both potential and responsibility to improve for the sake of the victims. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Dalman, Julia LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20182
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Internationell straffrätt, våldtäkt, brott mot mänskligheten, icke-internationella konflikter.
language
Swedish
id
8965620
date added to LUP
2019-03-10 13:52:35
date last changed
2019-03-10 13:52:35
@misc{8965620,
  abstract     = {{Since the mid 20th century rape has been a conscious strategy in armed
conflicts of a non- international character. The subject has been highly
topical in international law since the 1990s and has led to the creation of several ad hoc criminal tribunals and one permanent international criminal court.

Even so, the criminalization of rape and other forms of sexual violence in non international armed conflicts is deficient. After the second World War rape was declared as a crime against humanity when committed within the scope of international armed conflicts. However it was not until the 1990’s that the international community declared rape as a crime against humanity in armed conflicts of a non- international character. The International Criminal Court has, despite the fact that rape is considered a crime against humanity, failed to convict anyone for such a crime. However, Bosco Ntaganda is currently under prosecution before the ICC for several crimes, amongst them rape as a crime against humanity in a non- international armed conflict. As of now, the trial has been held but a decision has not yet been made.

The purpose of this essay is to highlight the systematic acts of rape which are committed during times of non international armed conflicts vis-á-vis rape as a crime against humanity. Furthermore the essay aims to analyse whether international criminal law disregard rape as a crime against humanity during non- international conflicts from a perspective of how the law has developed.

This essay argues that although international criminal law classifies rape as a crime against humanity when committed in the scope of a non2
international conflicts, international law is insufficient and therefore has both potential and responsibility to improve for the sake of the victims.}},
  author       = {{Dalman, Julia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{En av historiens stora tystnader - Utgör våldtäkter i icke-internationella konflikter brott mot mänskligheten?}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}