Autonoma fartyg ute på djupt vatten? - En utredning av obemannade fartygs sjövärdighet
(2018) JURM02 20182Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Sjötransport är idag det dominerande transportsättet i internationell handel och de senaste åren har ett starkt kommersiellt intresse för autonoma fartyg kommit att växa fram. Säkerhetsfrågan utgör grundstenen i sjörätten och den tekniska utvecklingen har medfört att gamla sjörättsliga bestämmelser måste tolkas i ljuset av den pågående digitaliseringen. Uppsatsen syftar till att, med utgångspunkt i sjövärdighetsbegreppet, identifiera och analysera de juridiska problem som måste lösas för att bana väg för autonoma fartyg. Sjörättens internationella karaktär och särdrag medför att sjösäkerhetsregleringen, i likhet med vad som länge varit tradition, måste tolkas mot bakgrund av internationell rätt.
Ett fartyg ska enligt lag vara sjövärdigt... (More) - Sjötransport är idag det dominerande transportsättet i internationell handel och de senaste åren har ett starkt kommersiellt intresse för autonoma fartyg kommit att växa fram. Säkerhetsfrågan utgör grundstenen i sjörätten och den tekniska utvecklingen har medfört att gamla sjörättsliga bestämmelser måste tolkas i ljuset av den pågående digitaliseringen. Uppsatsen syftar till att, med utgångspunkt i sjövärdighetsbegreppet, identifiera och analysera de juridiska problem som måste lösas för att bana väg för autonoma fartyg. Sjörättens internationella karaktär och särdrag medför att sjösäkerhetsregleringen, i likhet med vad som länge varit tradition, måste tolkas mot bakgrund av internationell rätt.
Ett fartyg ska enligt lag vara sjövärdigt när det hålls i drift. En definition av sjövärdighetsbegreppet saknas i svensk rätt, men utredningen visar att begreppet är relativt och att dess innebörd har ändrats flera gånger för att bättre anpassas till den tekniska utvecklingen. I kravet på ett fartygs sjövärdighet ligger bland annat en skyldighet att se till att fartyget är betryggande bemannat. Befälhavaren och redarens ansvar är tätt sammankopplat med ett fartygs sjövärdighet.
Forskningsprojekt visar att autonoma fartyg på flera områden kommer att vara säkrare än de fartyg som är i trafik idag. När de autonoma fartygen ställs i relation till sjövärdighetsbegreppet tyder mycket därför på att de autonoma fartygen kommer att anses vara mer betryggande bemannade än de fartyg som är i drift idag. Det finns bestämmelser vars ordalydelse ett autonomt fartyg inte kan efterleva, dessa bestämmelser måste dock tolkas mot bakgrund av konventionernas övergripande syfte, att trygga säkerheten till sjöss. Slutsatsen som dras är därför att de autonoma fartygen som övervakas av ett kontrollcenter i land, förutsatt att övriga säkerhetskrav är uppfyllda, kommer att kunna anses vara sjövärdiga. Många faktorer tyder på att det kommer att vara operatören i kontrollcentret som tillsammans med redaren ansvarar för att se till att de autonoma fartygen är sjövärdiga. (Less) - Abstract
- Today, carriage by sea is the dominant means of transportation in international trade, and in recent years a strong commercial interest in autonomous vessels has emerged. The safety issue is the cornerstone of maritime law, and the technical development makes it necessary to interpret old legal terms in the light of the ongoing digitalization. The purpose of this thesis is, based on the concept of seaworthiness, to identify and analyse the legal problems that have to be solved in order to pave the way for autonomous vessels. Because of the international character of maritime law and the special features of the field, the maritime safety regulations must be interpreted in the light of the international law in accordance with what has long... (More)
- Today, carriage by sea is the dominant means of transportation in international trade, and in recent years a strong commercial interest in autonomous vessels has emerged. The safety issue is the cornerstone of maritime law, and the technical development makes it necessary to interpret old legal terms in the light of the ongoing digitalization. The purpose of this thesis is, based on the concept of seaworthiness, to identify and analyse the legal problems that have to be solved in order to pave the way for autonomous vessels. Because of the international character of maritime law and the special features of the field, the maritime safety regulations must be interpreted in the light of the international law in accordance with what has long been a tradition.
A vessel must be seaworthy in order to comply with the existing regulation. There is no definition of the seaworthiness term in Swedish law, but this thesis shows that the term is relative and that the meaning of it has changed several times in order to keep pace with the technological development. The seaworthiness concept embraces, among other things, an obligation to ensure that the ship is efficiently and sufficiently manned. Furthermore, the master's and the shipowner's liability is closely linked to a vessel's seaworthiness.
Research show that autonomous vessels in several ways will be considerably safer than the vessels that operate today. When the autonomous vessels are examined in relation to the seaworthiness concept it can therefore be concluded that they seem to comply with the manning requirements even better than what vessels operating today does. The wording in some of the conventions constitutes an obstacle to autonomous vessels, but the regulations must be interpreted in the light of the overall purpose of the conventions, which is to ensure safety at sea. Therefore, the conclusion is that autonomous vessels that are being supervised by a shore based control centre can be considered seaworthy given that the other safety requirements are met. Furthermore, many factors indicate that it will be the operator in the control centre who, together with the shipowner, will be responsible for ensuring the seaworthiness of autonomous vessels. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/8965805
- author
- Hildingsson, Anna LU
- supervisor
-
- Karol Nowak LU
- organization
- alternative title
- Autonomous Vessels in Deep Water? - An examination of the seaworthiness of unmanned vessels
- course
- JURM02 20182
- year
- 2018
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- folkrätt, sjörätt, autonom, sjövärdighet
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 8965805
- date added to LUP
- 2019-01-28 11:33:04
- date last changed
- 2019-01-28 11:33:04
@misc{8965805,
abstract = {{Today, carriage by sea is the dominant means of transportation in international trade, and in recent years a strong commercial interest in autonomous vessels has emerged. The safety issue is the cornerstone of maritime law, and the technical development makes it necessary to interpret old legal terms in the light of the ongoing digitalization. The purpose of this thesis is, based on the concept of seaworthiness, to identify and analyse the legal problems that have to be solved in order to pave the way for autonomous vessels. Because of the international character of maritime law and the special features of the field, the maritime safety regulations must be interpreted in the light of the international law in accordance with what has long been a tradition.
A vessel must be seaworthy in order to comply with the existing regulation. There is no definition of the seaworthiness term in Swedish law, but this thesis shows that the term is relative and that the meaning of it has changed several times in order to keep pace with the technological development. The seaworthiness concept embraces, among other things, an obligation to ensure that the ship is efficiently and sufficiently manned. Furthermore, the master's and the shipowner's liability is closely linked to a vessel's seaworthiness.
Research show that autonomous vessels in several ways will be considerably safer than the vessels that operate today. When the autonomous vessels are examined in relation to the seaworthiness concept it can therefore be concluded that they seem to comply with the manning requirements even better than what vessels operating today does. The wording in some of the conventions constitutes an obstacle to autonomous vessels, but the regulations must be interpreted in the light of the overall purpose of the conventions, which is to ensure safety at sea. Therefore, the conclusion is that autonomous vessels that are being supervised by a shore based control centre can be considered seaworthy given that the other safety requirements are met. Furthermore, many factors indicate that it will be the operator in the control centre who, together with the shipowner, will be responsible for ensuring the seaworthiness of autonomous vessels.}},
author = {{Hildingsson, Anna}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Autonoma fartyg ute på djupt vatten? - En utredning av obemannade fartygs sjövärdighet}},
year = {{2018}},
}