Om IS och internationell straffrätt
(2019) LAGF03 20191Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract
- ISIS has committed horrible crimes to people in their “caliphate”, especially towards ethnic minorities and women. Their actions are according to the UN Independent Commission of Inquiry considered to constitute crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide. This essay analyses the possibilities for the international criminal system to investigate and prosecute members of ISIS who have committed the above-mentioned crimes. According to the theory about retributive justice it is vital to punish these individuals because their morally despicable actions deserve it. The punishment also works as a deterrence. Both ways of justifying punishment are represented in international criminal law, the idea is to create retributive justice and... (More)
- ISIS has committed horrible crimes to people in their “caliphate”, especially towards ethnic minorities and women. Their actions are according to the UN Independent Commission of Inquiry considered to constitute crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide. This essay analyses the possibilities for the international criminal system to investigate and prosecute members of ISIS who have committed the above-mentioned crimes. According to the theory about retributive justice it is vital to punish these individuals because their morally despicable actions deserve it. The punishment also works as a deterrence. Both ways of justifying punishment are represented in international criminal law, the idea is to create retributive justice and deterrence irresectable citizenship, territorial boundaries and political motives.
The ICC has jurisdiction to investigate the type of crimes committed by ISIS. However, since Syria is not a part of the Rome statute the court will most likely lack jurisdiction without a referral from the UN security council. The security council has previously stopped a resolution giving the ICC right to investigate the crimes carried out by ISIS in Syria. The possibility to create an ad hoc-tribunal exists based on the UN charter. Creating and ad hoc-tribunal is within the authority of the security council, but they will most likely be prevented to act due to the lack of political unity. National courts can use their jurisdiction according to the active personality principle and universal principle to put ISIS members to justice. The practice of universal jurisdiction is in most cases up to the states themselves to decide. Prosecuting crimes committed in another country is difficult when it comes to providing evidence and especially difficult in this case since Syria is still at war.
When ISIS-members who have committed horrendous crimes might go unpunished, retributive justice and deterrence will not be achieved. The mission to create a safer world by providing justice is therefore not accomplished. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- IS har under många års tid begått fruktansvärda brott i deras ”kalifat”, framförallt mot etniska minoriteter och kvinnor. Deras agerande har av FN:s utredningskommission ansetts uppnå kriterierna för folkmord, krigsbrott och brott mot mänskligheten. Den här uppsatsen analyserar möjligheterna för det internationella straffrättssystemet att utreda och döma IS-medlemmar för de här brotten. Enligt teorin om retributiv rättvisa är det viktigt att ställa förövare inför rätta eftersom deras moraliskt förkastliga handling förtjänar ett straff. Vidare kan ett straff också rättfärdigas ur ett avskräckande syfte. Båda synsätten på straff finns representerade i den internationella straffrätten, vars idé är att uppnå retributiv rättvisa och... (More)
- IS har under många års tid begått fruktansvärda brott i deras ”kalifat”, framförallt mot etniska minoriteter och kvinnor. Deras agerande har av FN:s utredningskommission ansetts uppnå kriterierna för folkmord, krigsbrott och brott mot mänskligheten. Den här uppsatsen analyserar möjligheterna för det internationella straffrättssystemet att utreda och döma IS-medlemmar för de här brotten. Enligt teorin om retributiv rättvisa är det viktigt att ställa förövare inför rätta eftersom deras moraliskt förkastliga handling förtjänar ett straff. Vidare kan ett straff också rättfärdigas ur ett avskräckande syfte. Båda synsätten på straff finns representerade i den internationella straffrätten, vars idé är att uppnå retributiv rättvisa och avskräckning oberoende medborgarskap, territoriella gränser och politiska motiv.
ICC har jurisdiktion att döma den typ av brott som IS-medlemmar anklagas för. Däremot saknas med största sannolikhet förutsättningar för att utöva jurisdiktion då Syrien inte är part till Romstadgan. Att ICC genom ett hänskjutande från FN:s säkerhetsråd skulle få jurisdiktion verkar inte troligt då ett sådant förslag tidigare har stoppats. Upprättandet av en ad hoc-tribunal grundar sig på FN-stadgan. Den potentiella möjligheten för att upprätta en sådan domstol finns, men det är inte troligt att säkerhetsrådet skulle rösta igenom ett sådant förslag. Nationell domstol kan genom att utnyttja sin jurisdiktion enligt den aktiva personalitetsprincipen och universalitetsprincipen ställa IS-medlemmar inför rätta. Deras utövande av jurisdiktion är dock till stor del beroende av staternas egna vilja att starta utredningar. Situationen försvåras av att det är problematiskt att bevisa folkrättsbrott som begåtts i en annan stat, särskilt i Syrien där inbördeskriget är pågående.
Dagens system gör att IS-medlemmar som gjort sig skyldiga till den här typen av brott riskerar att gå utan straff. Därmed uppnås varken retributiv rättvisa eller den avskräckande funktionen av straff. Det leder i sin tur till en osäkrare värld. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/8977107
- author
- Linder, Emma LU
- supervisor
-
- Karol Nowak LU
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20191
- year
- 2019
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Folkrätt, straffrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 8977107
- date added to LUP
- 2019-09-16 10:30:45
- date last changed
- 2019-09-16 10:30:45
@misc{8977107,
abstract = {{ISIS has committed horrible crimes to people in their “caliphate”, especially towards ethnic minorities and women. Their actions are according to the UN Independent Commission of Inquiry considered to constitute crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide. This essay analyses the possibilities for the international criminal system to investigate and prosecute members of ISIS who have committed the above-mentioned crimes. According to the theory about retributive justice it is vital to punish these individuals because their morally despicable actions deserve it. The punishment also works as a deterrence. Both ways of justifying punishment are represented in international criminal law, the idea is to create retributive justice and deterrence irresectable citizenship, territorial boundaries and political motives.
The ICC has jurisdiction to investigate the type of crimes committed by ISIS. However, since Syria is not a part of the Rome statute the court will most likely lack jurisdiction without a referral from the UN security council. The security council has previously stopped a resolution giving the ICC right to investigate the crimes carried out by ISIS in Syria. The possibility to create an ad hoc-tribunal exists based on the UN charter. Creating and ad hoc-tribunal is within the authority of the security council, but they will most likely be prevented to act due to the lack of political unity. National courts can use their jurisdiction according to the active personality principle and universal principle to put ISIS members to justice. The practice of universal jurisdiction is in most cases up to the states themselves to decide. Prosecuting crimes committed in another country is difficult when it comes to providing evidence and especially difficult in this case since Syria is still at war.
When ISIS-members who have committed horrendous crimes might go unpunished, retributive justice and deterrence will not be achieved. The mission to create a safer world by providing justice is therefore not accomplished.}},
author = {{Linder, Emma}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Om IS och internationell straffrätt}},
year = {{2019}},
}