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Bristande tillgänglighet på universitetet ur ett internationellt perspektiv - Samspelet mellan diskrimineringslagen och FN:s konvention om rättigheter för personer

Svahn, Josefine LU (2019) LAGF03 20191
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
Author: Josefine Svahn
Title: Lack of Accessibility in the University from an International Perspective
Supervisor: Niklas Selberg

Introduction
On the 14th of January 2009 Sweden committed to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, a convention that seek to protect the rights of persons with disabilities. Article 24 of the CRPD, which concerns the right to inclusive education, states that all students with disabilities should be able to participate in the general education system without being discriminated. The second paragraph of the article clarifies the State Parties obligations in order to realize the right, while the third point stipulates that the State Parties shall ensure that reasonable accommodation of... (More)
Author: Josefine Svahn
Title: Lack of Accessibility in the University from an International Perspective
Supervisor: Niklas Selberg

Introduction
On the 14th of January 2009 Sweden committed to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, a convention that seek to protect the rights of persons with disabilities. Article 24 of the CRPD, which concerns the right to inclusive education, states that all students with disabilities should be able to participate in the general education system without being discriminated. The second paragraph of the article clarifies the State Parties obligations in order to realize the right, while the third point stipulates that the State Parties shall ensure that reasonable accommodation of the individual’s requirements is provided.

Since the Swedish legal system builds on dualism, international law must be translated into national law to become legally binding in Sweden. Regarding the right to inclusive education in article 24 of the CRPD, the corresponding right can be found in the 2nd chapter 5th paragraph of the Swedish Discrimination Law which concerns the ban against discrimination in the education system. The ban states that no one that can be classified as an educational organiser is allowed to discriminate any child, pupil, student or undergraduate that participates in or seeks to participate in the education. The ban applies to all forms and all grounds of discrimination. The focus for this Bachelor Thesis is discrimination on the ground of disability in the form of lack of accessibility in the education system. Lack of accessibility means that reasonable accommodation has not been provided for the individual student with a disability to enable them to access education on an equal basis with others.

Problem Statement
This Bachelor Thesis will discuss the discrimination ban in the field of education in the 2nd chapter 5th paragraph of the Swedish Discrimination Law in relation to Sweden’s obligations according to the right to inclusive education in article 24 of the CRPD.

Results
Concerning the relation between the Swedish native prohibition against discrimination in the field of education and Sweden’s obligations according to CRPD, the thesis has come to the conclusion that an assessment of equity is unproblematic since the regulation in CRPD itself consists of an assessment of equity. However, in the next step the thesis examined how the assessment of equity is made. The results show that the assessment of equity in the native Swedish regulation (2nd chapter 5th paragraph Discrimination Law) emphasizes the costs as an important element in the assessment of equity, while CRPD states that economic consequences is recognized in the assessment. In the assessment made according to the convention, the focus should instead be on the well-being and success of all students with disabilities.

Therefore, the conclusion drawn is that the assessment of equity itself in the Discrimination Law is unproblematic viewed from a perspective of the rights in CRPD. However, the course of action with the assessment of equity concerning reasonable accommodation should be made different since Sweden signed up to the convention. The right to education must be emphasised instead of economic consequences if Sweden shall be deemed to live up to its international obligations. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Författare: Josefine Svahn
Titel: Bristande tillgänglighet på universitetet ur ett internationellt perspektiv
Handledare: Niklas Selberg

Introduktion
Den 14 januari 2009 åtog sig Sverige att bli juridiskt bundna av FN:s konvention om rättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning, en konvention som syftar till att värna om rättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning. Artikel 24 CRPD, som rör rätten till inkluderande utbildning, stadgar att alla studenter med funktionsnedsättning ska ha möjlighet att delta i det allmänna utbildningssystemet utan att bli diskriminerade. Artikelns andra stycke klargör konventionsstaternas skyldigheter för att rättigheten ska kunna realiseras, där den tredje punkten anger att... (More)
Författare: Josefine Svahn
Titel: Bristande tillgänglighet på universitetet ur ett internationellt perspektiv
Handledare: Niklas Selberg

Introduktion
Den 14 januari 2009 åtog sig Sverige att bli juridiskt bundna av FN:s konvention om rättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning, en konvention som syftar till att värna om rättigheter för personer med funktionsnedsättning. Artikel 24 CRPD, som rör rätten till inkluderande utbildning, stadgar att alla studenter med funktionsnedsättning ska ha möjlighet att delta i det allmänna utbildningssystemet utan att bli diskriminerade. Artikelns andra stycke klargör konventionsstaternas skyldigheter för att rättigheten ska kunna realiseras, där den tredje punkten anger att konventionsstaterna ska säkerställa att skälig anpassning efter individens krav erbjuds.
Eftersom det svenska rättssystemet bygger på dualism måste internationell rätt inkorporeras i det nationella rättssystemet för att den ska bli juridiskt bindande i Sverige. Angående rätten till inkluderande utbildning i artikel 24 CRPD finns den korresponderande rättigheten i 2 kap. 5 § diskrimineringslag (2008:567) i form av ett förbud mot diskriminering på utbildningsområdet. Förbudet stadgar att ingen som kan klassas som en utbildningsanordnare får diskriminera något barn eller någon elev, student eller studerande som deltar i eller söker sig till verksamheten. Förbudet är tillämpligt på alla former av diskriminering och alla diskrimineringsgrunder. I kandidatuppsatsens fokus står diskriminering på grunden funktionsnedsättning i form av bristande tillgänglighet i utbildningssystemet. Bristande tillgänglighet innebär att skälig anpassning inte erbjudits studenten med funktionsnedsättning för att möjliggöra att studenten får tillgång till utbildning på lika villkor som andra.

Frågeställning
Kandidatuppsatsens frågeställning är att diskutera förbudet mot diskriminering på utbildningsområdet som återfinns i 2 kap. 5 § DL i relation till Sveriges åtaganden angående rätten till inkluderande utbildning i artikel 24 CRPD. Uppsatsen kommer vidare att belysa vilka likheter och skillnader finns mellan skälighetsbedömningarna i DL och CRPD.

Resultat
Angående relationen mellan det svenska nationella förbudet mot diskriminering på utbildningsområdet och Sveriges åtaganden enligt CRPD är slutsatsen som dras i uppsatsen att skälighetsbedömningen enligt DL i sig är oproblematisk eftersom regleringen i CRPD också innehåller en skälighetsbedömning. I nästa steg undersöker uppsatsen dock hur skälighetsbedömningen ska göras i praktiken. Resultaten visar att skälighetsbedömningen i den svenska, nationella, regleringen (2 kap. 5 § DL) lyfter fram kostnaden för tillgänglighetsåtgärden som en viktig faktor i skälighetsbedömningen, medan CRPD anger att kostnaden ska beaktas i bedömningen. I bedömningen som görs enligt konventionen ska fokus istället vara på välmående och framgång för alla studenter med funktionsnedsättning.
Mot den bakgrunden dras slutsatsen att skälighetsbedömningen enligt DL är oproblematisk i sig sedd från ett perspektiv som tar sin utgångspunkt i rättigheterna i CRPD. Däremot ska tillvägagångssättet vid skälighetsbedömningen angående skälig anpassning göras annorlunda sedan Sverige bundit sig till konventionen. Rätten till utbildning måste betonas istället för ekonomiska konsekvenser om Sverige ska anses leva upp till sina internationella åtaganden. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Svahn, Josefine LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Lack of Accessibility in the University from an International Perspective
course
LAGF03 20191
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Funktionsrättskonventionen, diskriminering, diskrimineringslagen, rätt till utbildning, CRPD, bristande tillgänglighet.
language
Swedish
id
8977118
date added to LUP
2019-09-16 10:29:52
date last changed
2019-09-16 10:29:52
@misc{8977118,
  abstract     = {{Author: Josefine Svahn
Title: Lack of Accessibility in the University from an International Perspective
Supervisor: Niklas Selberg

Introduction
On the 14th of January 2009 Sweden committed to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, a convention that seek to protect the rights of persons with disabilities. Article 24 of the CRPD, which concerns the right to inclusive education, states that all students with disabilities should be able to participate in the general education system without being discriminated. The second paragraph of the article clarifies the State Parties obligations in order to realize the right, while the third point stipulates that the State Parties shall ensure that reasonable accommodation of the individual’s requirements is provided. 

Since the Swedish legal system builds on dualism, international law must be translated into national law to become legally binding in Sweden. Regarding the right to inclusive education in article 24 of the CRPD, the corresponding right can be found in the 2nd chapter 5th paragraph of the Swedish Discrimination Law which concerns the ban against discrimination in the education system. The ban states that no one that can be classified as an educational organiser is allowed to discriminate any child, pupil, student or undergraduate that participates in or seeks to participate in the education. The ban applies to all forms and all grounds of discrimination. The focus for this Bachelor Thesis is discrimination on the ground of disability in the form of lack of accessibility in the education system. Lack of accessibility means that reasonable accommodation has not been provided for the individual student with a disability to enable them to access education on an equal basis with others.

Problem Statement 
This Bachelor Thesis will discuss the discrimination ban in the field of education in the 2nd chapter 5th paragraph of the Swedish Discrimination Law in relation to Sweden’s obligations according to the right to inclusive education in article 24 of the CRPD.

Results
Concerning the relation between the Swedish native prohibition against discrimination in the field of education and Sweden’s obligations according to CRPD, the thesis has come to the conclusion that an assessment of equity is unproblematic since the regulation in CRPD itself consists of an assessment of equity. However, in the next step the thesis examined how the assessment of equity is made. The results show that the assessment of equity in the native Swedish regulation (2nd chapter 5th paragraph Discrimination Law) emphasizes the costs as an important element in the assessment of equity, while CRPD states that economic consequences is recognized in the assessment. In the assessment made according to the convention, the focus should instead be on the well-being and success of all students with disabilities.

Therefore, the conclusion drawn is that the assessment of equity itself in the Discrimination Law is unproblematic viewed from a perspective of the rights in CRPD. However, the course of action with the assessment of equity concerning reasonable accommodation should be made different since Sweden signed up to the convention. The right to education must be emphasised instead of economic consequences if Sweden shall be deemed to live up to its international obligations.}},
  author       = {{Svahn, Josefine}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Bristande tillgänglighet på universitetet ur ett internationellt perspektiv - Samspelet mellan diskrimineringslagen och FN:s konvention om rättigheter för personer}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}