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Lojalitet kontra vigilans - En jämförelse av reglerna för utförandet av konsumententreprenader med dess motsvarigheter vid kommersiella entreprenader

Siegel, Jennie LU (2019) JURM02 20191
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Entreprenadavtal är beteckningen för de avtal då en uppdragstagare åtar sig uppdraget att utföra ett visst arbete åt en uppdragsgivare. När en näringsidkare ingår ett sådant avtal med en konsument reglerar 4–8 §§ konsumenttjänstlagen hur uppdraget ska utföras. När två kommersiella aktörer ingår ett sådant avtal saknas dock en direkt tillämplig lagstiftning. Istället finns väletablerade standardavtal.

Syftet med uppsatsen var jämföra innebörden av och de bakomliggande skälen till 4–8 §§ konsumenttjänstlagen med dess motsvarighet vid entreprenadavtal där parterna är kommersiella och har införlivat Allmänna bestämmelser för byggnads-, anläggnings- och installationsentreprenader, (AB 04), till deras avtal. För att uppnå detta syfte utgick... (More)
Entreprenadavtal är beteckningen för de avtal då en uppdragstagare åtar sig uppdraget att utföra ett visst arbete åt en uppdragsgivare. När en näringsidkare ingår ett sådant avtal med en konsument reglerar 4–8 §§ konsumenttjänstlagen hur uppdraget ska utföras. När två kommersiella aktörer ingår ett sådant avtal saknas dock en direkt tillämplig lagstiftning. Istället finns väletablerade standardavtal.

Syftet med uppsatsen var jämföra innebörden av och de bakomliggande skälen till 4–8 §§ konsumenttjänstlagen med dess motsvarighet vid entreprenadavtal där parterna är kommersiella och har införlivat Allmänna bestämmelser för byggnads-, anläggnings- och installationsentreprenader, (AB 04), till deras avtal. För att uppnå detta syfte utgick uppsatsen från huvudsakligen två frågeställningar. Den första frågan var: Vad är innebörden av 4–8 §§ konsumenttjänstlagen och vilka är de bakomliggande skälen till dessa regler? Uppsatsens andra frågeställning var: Vilka motsvarigheter till 4–8 §§ konsumenttjänstlagen finns för kommersiella entreprenadavtal enligt AB 04? Den andra frågan innefattade också att redogöra för innebörden av och de bakomliggande skälen till dessa motsvarigheter. För att besvara dessa frågor användes den rättsdogmatiska metoden med vissa filosofiska inslag.

Undersökningen visade att vid entreprenadavtal mellan en konsument och en näringsidkare åläggs näringsidkaren huvudansvaret för att utforma och utföra uppdraget så att resultatet motsvarar konsumentens förväntningar. Detta ansvar manifesteras i 4 § konsumenttjänstlagen som stadgar att näringsidkaren ska utföra tjänsten fackmässigt och med tillbörlig omsorg tillvarata konsumenten intressen. I 5–8 §§ konkretiseras sedan detta ansvar. Ansvarsfördelningen beror på att konsumenten presumeras vara ojämbördig i förhållande till näringsidkaren. Vid entreprenadavtal mellan två kommersiella aktörer som tillämpar AB 04 saknas en sådan presumtion. Istället förväntas uppdragsgivaren utforma uppdraget så att det uppnår dennes önskade resultat och uppdragstagaren förväntas utföra uppdraget enligt uppdragstagarens anvisningar. Brister någon av parterna i sina förpliktelser får denne betala för konsekvenserna. Det finns dock uttryckliga förpliktelser i AB 04 som kan påverka detta, till exempel parternas plikt att underrätta motparten om att det vore olämpligt att utföra uppdraget enligt dennes anvisningar. Domstolen är inte heller bunden av de skrivna avtalsvillkoren när det kommer till tolkningen av kontraktet. I till exempel ett rättsfall bedömde Högsta domstolen huruvida uppdragstagaren, med hänsyn till dennes fackkunskaper, skulle ha en mer långtgående skyldighet än den uttryckliga underrättelseplikten. Det finns också exempel på där både doktrinen och Högsta domstolen intar en ståndpunkt som direkt strider mot kommentarstexten till AB 04. Vilka rättigheter och skyldigheter parterna har behöver således inte uttryckligen framgå av det skriftliga kontraktet. (Less)
Abstract
Construction contracts is the term of the contracts where a contractor undertakes the task of performing a certain assignment for an employer. When a business proprietor concludes such an agreements with a consumer, Sections 4–8 of the Consumer Service Act, (konsumenttjänstlagen), regulate how the assignment is to be performed. However, when two commercial actors concludes such an agreement, there are no directly applicable legislation. Instead, these agreements are largely regulated by standard agreements.

The purpose of the thesis was to compare the meaning of and the underlying reasons for Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen with its equivalent in agreements where commercial parties have applied the General Provisions for Building,... (More)
Construction contracts is the term of the contracts where a contractor undertakes the task of performing a certain assignment for an employer. When a business proprietor concludes such an agreements with a consumer, Sections 4–8 of the Consumer Service Act, (konsumenttjänstlagen), regulate how the assignment is to be performed. However, when two commercial actors concludes such an agreement, there are no directly applicable legislation. Instead, these agreements are largely regulated by standard agreements.

The purpose of the thesis was to compare the meaning of and the underlying reasons for Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen with its equivalent in agreements where commercial parties have applied the General Provisions for Building, Construction and Installation Contracts, (AB 04), to their contract. In order to achieve this purpose, the essay was based on mainly two issues. The first question was: What is the meaning of Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen and what are the underlying reasons for these rules? The second issue was: Which counterparts to Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen exist for commercial contracting agreements according to AB 04? The second issue also involved explaining the meaning and the underlying reasons for those counterparts. To answer these questions, the legal-doctrinal method was used with certain philosophical elements.

The survey showed that in the case of contractual agreements between a consumer and a business proprietor, the business proprietor is imposed the main responsibility for designing and perform the assignment so that the result corresponds to the consumer's expectations. This responsibility is manifested in Section 4 of konsumenttjänstlagen, which means that the business proprietor should perform the assignment professionally and with due care of the consumer's interests. Sections 5–8 then specify this responsibility. The division of responsibility is due to the fact that the consumer is presumed to be unequal in relation to the business proprietor. When two commercial parties have applied AB 04 to their construction contract such a presumption is lacking. Instead, the employer is expected to design an assignment that achieves its desired results and the contractor is expected to perform the assignment according to the employers instructions. If one of the parties fails to fulfill its obligations, the party will have to pay for the consequences. However, there are explicit obligations in AB 04 that may affect this, for example the parties´obligation to inform the opposite party that it would be inappropriate to perform the assignment according to his or hers instructions. The court is also not bound by the written contract terms when it comes to interpretation of the contract. For example, in one case the Supreme Court considered whether the constructor, with regard to his expertise, would have a greater obligation than the explicit duty to inform. There are also examples of where both the Supreme Court and the legal doctrine have adopted a position that is directly contrary to the commentary text to AB 04. Thus, the rights and obligations of the parties are sometimes not explicitly stated in the written contract. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Siegel, Jennie LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Loyalty versus vigilance
course
JURM02 20191
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
avtalsrätt, förmögenhetsrätt, entreprenadrätt, entreprenadavtal, konsumenttjänstlagen, AB 04
language
Swedish
id
8977640
date added to LUP
2019-06-24 11:09:51
date last changed
2019-06-24 11:09:51
@misc{8977640,
  abstract     = {{Construction contracts is the term of the contracts where a contractor undertakes the task of performing a certain assignment for an employer. When a business proprietor concludes such an agreements with a consumer, Sections 4–8 of the Consumer Service Act, (konsumenttjänstlagen), regulate how the assignment is to be performed. However, when two commercial actors concludes such an agreement, there are no directly applicable legislation. Instead, these agreements are largely regulated by standard agreements.

The purpose of the thesis was to compare the meaning of and the underlying reasons for Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen with its equivalent in agreements where commercial parties have applied the General Provisions for Building, Construction and Installation Contracts, (AB 04), to their contract. In order to achieve this purpose, the essay was based on mainly two issues. The first question was: What is the meaning of Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen and what are the underlying reasons for these rules? The second issue was: Which counterparts to Sections 4-8 of konsumenttjänstlagen exist for commercial contracting agreements according to AB 04? The second issue also involved explaining the meaning and the underlying reasons for those counterparts. To answer these questions, the legal-doctrinal method was used with certain philosophical elements.

The survey showed that in the case of contractual agreements between a consumer and a business proprietor, the business proprietor is imposed the main responsibility for designing and perform the assignment so that the result corresponds to the consumer's expectations. This responsibility is manifested in Section 4 of konsumenttjänstlagen, which means that the business proprietor should perform the assignment professionally and with due care of the consumer's interests. Sections 5–8 then specify this responsibility. The division of responsibility is due to the fact that the consumer is presumed to be unequal in relation to the business proprietor. When two commercial parties have applied AB 04 to their construction contract such a presumption is lacking. Instead, the employer is expected to design an assignment that achieves its desired results and the contractor is expected to perform the assignment according to the employers instructions. If one of the parties fails to fulfill its obligations, the party will have to pay for the consequences. However, there are explicit obligations in AB 04 that may affect this, for example the parties´obligation to inform the opposite party that it would be inappropriate to perform the assignment according to his or hers instructions. The court is also not bound by the written contract terms when it comes to interpretation of the contract. For example, in one case the Supreme Court considered whether the constructor, with regard to his expertise, would have a greater obligation than the explicit duty to inform. There are also examples of where both the Supreme Court and the legal doctrine have adopted a position that is directly contrary to the commentary text to AB 04. Thus, the rights and obligations of the parties are sometimes not explicitly stated in the written contract.}},
  author       = {{Siegel, Jennie}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Lojalitet kontra vigilans - En jämförelse av reglerna för utförandet av konsumententreprenader med dess motsvarigheter vid kommersiella entreprenader}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}