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Klimatpåverkansbedömning av energieffektiva lösningar för byggnader - Jämförelse av klimatpåverkan från olika isoleringsmaterial och energisystem

Görman, Frida LU and Tham Johansson, Madeleine (2019) FMIM01 20191
Environmental and Energy Systems Studies
Abstract (Swedish)
Dagens samhälle står inför en stor klimatutmaning vilket ställer höga krav på alla branscher, inte minst
bygg- och fastighetsbranschen. Byggnader och lokaler står idag för en tredjedel av Sveriges
energianvändningen där 60 % går till uppvärmning. För att minska utsläppen från bostäder och lokaler har
stort fokus lagts på byggnaders energianvändning under dess driftsfas. I takt med att byggnader blir mer
energieffektiva flyttas klimatpåverkan från driftsfasen till det inbyggda materialet i byggnaden.
Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka den klimatpåverkan energisystemet bidrar till vid en förändrad
isoleringstjocklek där klimatpåverkan från isoleringsmaterialet beaktas. För att uppfylla syftet genomförs i
denna rapport en... (More)
Dagens samhälle står inför en stor klimatutmaning vilket ställer höga krav på alla branscher, inte minst
bygg- och fastighetsbranschen. Byggnader och lokaler står idag för en tredjedel av Sveriges
energianvändningen där 60 % går till uppvärmning. För att minska utsläppen från bostäder och lokaler har
stort fokus lagts på byggnaders energianvändning under dess driftsfas. I takt med att byggnader blir mer
energieffektiva flyttas klimatpåverkan från driftsfasen till det inbyggda materialet i byggnaden.
Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka den klimatpåverkan energisystemet bidrar till vid en förändrad
isoleringstjocklek där klimatpåverkan från isoleringsmaterialet beaktas. För att uppfylla syftet genomförs i
denna rapport en livscykelanalys på två kontorsbyggnader i Göteborg, projekterade av NCC.
Livscykelanalysen har baserats på tidsupplösta energiberäkningar som inkluderar både ett
nulägesperspektiv och ett förändringsperspektiv. Den miljöpåverkanskategori som studeras är global
uppvärmningspotential (GWP) och uttrycks i CO2-ekvivalenter vilken relateras till den funktionella
enheten, m2 och år. Som underlag för beräkningarna används miljövarudeklarationer samt tidsupplösta
klimatdata framtagna av IVL svenska miljöinstitutet.

Resultaten visar att det cellulosabaserade isoleringsmaterialet, applicerat på en byggnad, kombinerat med
ett biobaserat fjärrvärmesystem och nordisk elproduktionsmix utifrån ett nulägesperspektiv, ger den
lägsta klimatpåverkan. Vilket perspektiv som bör användas beror däremot på syftet med livscykelanalysen.
Resultatet går inte att applicera på alla geografiska platser i Sverige, då alla fjärrvärmesystem idag inte är
biobaserade.

Hur långt det är värt att isolera en byggnad, utifrån ett klimatpåverkansperspektiv, beror på använt
energisystem för värme och kyla, byggnadens konstruktion samt vilket perspektiv som appliceras. Det går
även att konstatera att klimatpåverkan från isoleringen kommer att öka i betydelse då
energianvändningen från byggnader fortsätter att minska. (Less)
Abstract
The society is today facing a major climate challenge, which places high demands on all industries, not
least the construction and real estate industry. Buildings are today accounting for one third of Sweden's
energy use, of which 60 % is used for heating. In order to reduce emissions from buildings, great focus has
been placed on the energy use of buildings during its operating phase. As buildings become more energyefficient,
climate impacts are shifted from the operational phase to the built-in material.

The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate the climate impact from the energy system when
changing the insulation thickness and compare it to the climate impact from the insulation material. In
order to fulfill the... (More)
The society is today facing a major climate challenge, which places high demands on all industries, not
least the construction and real estate industry. Buildings are today accounting for one third of Sweden's
energy use, of which 60 % is used for heating. In order to reduce emissions from buildings, great focus has
been placed on the energy use of buildings during its operating phase. As buildings become more energyefficient,
climate impacts are shifted from the operational phase to the built-in material.

The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate the climate impact from the energy system when
changing the insulation thickness and compare it to the climate impact from the insulation material. In
order to fulfill the purpose, a life cycle assessment on two office buildings in Gothenburg, designed by
NCC, has been performed. The life cycle assessment is based on time-resolved energy calculations that
include both a current situation perspective and a futuristic change-oriented perspective. The life cycle
assessment includes extraction of raw materials and manufacturing of insulation materials as well as the
energy consumption during the buildings operational phase. The environmental impact category studied is
global warming potential (GWP) and is expressed in CO2-equivalents, which is related to the functional
unit m2 and year. Environmental product declarations and time-resolved climate data has been prepared
by IVL Swedish Environmental Institute and are used as a basis for the life cycle assessment.

The results show that the cellulose-based insulation material, applied to a building, combined with a biobased
district heating system and Nordic electricity production mix from a current perspective, gives the
lowest climate impact. However, the perspective that should be used depends on the purpose of the life
cycle assessment. The result cannot be applied to all geographical locations in Sweden, since today not all
district heating systems are bio-based.

To what extent it is worth to isolate a building, regarding a climate impact perspective, depends on the
energy system used for heating and cooling, the construction of the building and which perspective that is
applied. It is also important to accentuate that the climate impact from the insulation will increase in
importance as energy use from buildings continues to decrease. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Görman, Frida LU and Tham Johansson, Madeleine
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Climate impact assessment of energy efficient solutions in buildings - Comparison of climate impact from different insulation materials and energy systems.
course
FMIM01 20191
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Bokförings-LCA, konsekvens-LCA, energisystemanalys, marginaldata, klimatpåverkan från isolering, Tidstegsmetoden
report number
ISRN LUTFD2/TFEM--19/5148--SE + (1-92)
ISSN
1102-3651
language
Swedish
id
8991683
date added to LUP
2019-08-14 09:02:45
date last changed
2019-08-14 09:02:45
@misc{8991683,
  abstract     = {{The society is today facing a major climate challenge, which places high demands on all industries, not
least the construction and real estate industry. Buildings are today accounting for one third of Sweden's
energy use, of which 60 % is used for heating. In order to reduce emissions from buildings, great focus has
been placed on the energy use of buildings during its operating phase. As buildings become more energyefficient,
climate impacts are shifted from the operational phase to the built-in material.

The purpose of this master thesis is to investigate the climate impact from the energy system when
changing the insulation thickness and compare it to the climate impact from the insulation material. In
order to fulfill the purpose, a life cycle assessment on two office buildings in Gothenburg, designed by
NCC, has been performed. The life cycle assessment is based on time-resolved energy calculations that
include both a current situation perspective and a futuristic change-oriented perspective. The life cycle
assessment includes extraction of raw materials and manufacturing of insulation materials as well as the
energy consumption during the buildings operational phase. The environmental impact category studied is
global warming potential (GWP) and is expressed in CO2-equivalents, which is related to the functional
unit m2 and year. Environmental product declarations and time-resolved climate data has been prepared
by IVL Swedish Environmental Institute and are used as a basis for the life cycle assessment.

The results show that the cellulose-based insulation material, applied to a building, combined with a biobased
district heating system and Nordic electricity production mix from a current perspective, gives the
lowest climate impact. However, the perspective that should be used depends on the purpose of the life
cycle assessment. The result cannot be applied to all geographical locations in Sweden, since today not all
district heating systems are bio-based.

To what extent it is worth to isolate a building, regarding a climate impact perspective, depends on the
energy system used for heating and cooling, the construction of the building and which perspective that is
applied. It is also important to accentuate that the climate impact from the insulation will increase in
importance as energy use from buildings continues to decrease.}},
  author       = {{Görman, Frida and Tham Johansson, Madeleine}},
  issn         = {{1102-3651}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Klimatpåverkansbedömning av energieffektiva lösningar för byggnader - Jämförelse av klimatpåverkan från olika isoleringsmaterial och energisystem}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}