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När musiken tystnar – en analys av bestämmelserna om de kollektiva förvaltningsorganisationernas avdrag från rättighetsintäkter för sociala-, kulturella- och utbildningsändamål

Abrasevic, Ivan LU (2019) JURM02 20192
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
With the introduction of the Collective Rights Management Directive (2014/26/EU), the EU's efforts to harmonize the area of collective rights management succeeded. The new digital environment had created a greater need for the EU to regulate the area and to contribute to all Member States based on the same rules. In the past, the management of the organizations had looked different because there was no harmonized regulation. The purpose of the directive is to protect European authors effectively and give users access to copyrighted content throughout Europe - copyright should be adapted for the digital environment. When law (2016: 977) on collective management of copyright (KFUL) was introduced in Sweden, a regulation was added that had... (More)
With the introduction of the Collective Rights Management Directive (2014/26/EU), the EU's efforts to harmonize the area of collective rights management succeeded. The new digital environment had created a greater need for the EU to regulate the area and to contribute to all Member States based on the same rules. In the past, the management of the organizations had looked different because there was no harmonized regulation. The purpose of the directive is to protect European authors effectively and give users access to copyrighted content throughout Europe - copyright should be adapted for the digital environment. When law (2016: 977) on collective management of copyright (KFUL) was introduced in Sweden, a regulation was added that had not previously existed. The Swedish administrative organizations had previously applied law (1960: 729) on copyright to literary and artistic works and association law to regulate their functioning. The new law created new opportunities but also new challenges when it came to application. All organizations now had to adapt to the new regulations.

This essay addresses both the Collective Rights Management Directive and KFUL, and gives the reader an insight into what it is that is regulated by the two regulations. The main focus is on the rules that govern the deductions that a collective management organization is allowed to make on its right holders, but also those that they may have the opportunity to make on foreign right holders when there are representation agreements. These provisions have proved to be problematic in that some national rules in Member States have forced national organizations to apply deductions, which may conflict with the requirement for explicit consent, which is otherwise required when a representation agreement exists.

The dissertation goes through copyright law and then gives an overview of some of the Swedish collective management organizations. Then both the Collective Rights Management Directive and the KFUL are presented in two separate sections that de-scribe what their aims were at the introduction and what they regulate. The dissertation also contains a section that deals with the provisions for deductions in both regulations. This is also where the problems surrounding these regulations are ad-dressed.

Finally, the essay contains an analysis where the questions are raised and answered. The conclusion is that today there are shortcomings with how Member States have incorporated the Collective Rights Management Directive. France, Portugal and Denmark are three examples of countries that are raised in this essay and where in some form there are provisions that force their organizations to deduct for social, cultural or educational purposes. Since the directive contains a requirement for explicit consent when there is a representation agreement, the requirement of consent ends up in conflict with the provisions that force organizations to make deductions. This therefore means that there is a potential conflict where the three countries that have been raised in this essay, can choose to disregard the consent and apply the deduction anyway. Furthermore, there are deficiencies in the practical application of the deduction provisions which lead to them being applied in a discriminatory man-ner. It has been found that access to the services financed by the deductions does not always benefit foreign rights holders. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
I och med införandet av Sällskapsdirektivet (2014/26/EU) lyckades EU:s arbete med att harmonisera området för kollektiv rättighetsförvaltning. Den nya digitala miljön hade skapat ett större behov för EU att reglera området och bidra till att alla medlemsstater utgår från samma regler. Tidigare hade organisationernas förvaltning sett annorlunda ut eftersom det saknades en harmoniserad reglering. Direktivets syfte är att skydda europeiska upphovsmän på ett effektivt sätt och ge användare tillgång till upphovsrättsskyddat innehåll i hela Europa – upphovsrätten skulle an-passas för den digitala miljön. När lag (2016:977) om kollektiv förvaltning av upphovsrätt (KFUL) infördes i Sverige, tillkom en reglering som tidigare inte funnits. De... (More)
I och med införandet av Sällskapsdirektivet (2014/26/EU) lyckades EU:s arbete med att harmonisera området för kollektiv rättighetsförvaltning. Den nya digitala miljön hade skapat ett större behov för EU att reglera området och bidra till att alla medlemsstater utgår från samma regler. Tidigare hade organisationernas förvaltning sett annorlunda ut eftersom det saknades en harmoniserad reglering. Direktivets syfte är att skydda europeiska upphovsmän på ett effektivt sätt och ge användare tillgång till upphovsrättsskyddat innehåll i hela Europa – upphovsrätten skulle an-passas för den digitala miljön. När lag (2016:977) om kollektiv förvaltning av upphovsrätt (KFUL) infördes i Sverige, tillkom en reglering som tidigare inte funnits. De svenska förvaltningsorganisationerna hade tidigare tillämpat lag (1960:729) om upphovsrätt till litterära och konstnärliga verk och associationsrätten för att reglera sin verksamhet. Den nya lagen skapade nya möjligheter men också nya utmaningar när det gällde tillämpningen. Alla organisationer var nu tvungna att anpassa sig till det nya regelverket.

Den här uppsatsen behandlar både Sällskapsdirektivet och KFUL, och ger läsaren en inblick i vad det är som regleras med de två regelverken. Huvudfokus ligger på bestämmelserna som reglerar de avdrag som en kollektiv förvaltningsorganisation får lov att göra på sina rättighetshavare men också de som de kan ha möjlighet att göra på utländska rättighetshavare när det finns representationsavtal. Dessa bestämmelser har visat sig vara problematiska i och med att vissa nationella bestämmelser i medlemsstater tvingat de nationella organisationerna att tillämpa avdrag, vilket kan hamna i konflikt med kravet på ett uttryckligt medgivande som annars krävs när det finns ett representationsavtal.

Avhandlingen går översiktligt igenom upphovsrätt för att sedan ge en överblick över några av de svenska kollektiva förvaltningsorganisationerna. Sedan presenteras både Sällskapsdirektivet och KFUL i två enskilda avsnitt som redogör för vad deras syften var vid införandet och vad de reglerar. Avhandlingen innehåller även ett av-snitt som behandlar bestämmelserna om avdrag i de både regelverken. Det är även här som problematiken kring dessa bestämmelser tas upp.

Avslutningsvis innehåller uppsatsen en analys där frågeställningarna lyfts upp och besvaras. Slutsatsen är att det i dag finns brister med hur medlemsstater inkorporerat Sällskapsdirektivet. Frankrike, Portugal och Danmark är tre exempel på länder som tas upp och där det i någon form finns bestämmelser som påtvingar deras organisationer att göra avdrag för sociala, kulturella eller utbildningsändamål. Då direktivet innehåller ett krav på ett uttryckligt medgivande när det finns representationsavtal, hamnar det kravet på samtycke i konflikt med bestämmelserna som påtvingar organisationerna att göra avdrag. Det här innebär således att det finns en potentiell konflikt där de tre länderna som redogjorts för kan välja att bortse från samtycket och tillämpa avdrag ändå. Vidare finns det brister i den praktiska tillämpningen av avdragsbestämmelserna som leder till att de tillämpas på ett diskriminerande sätt. Det har konstaterats att tillgången till de tjänster som finansierats genom avdragen inte alltid gynnar utländska rättighetshavare. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Abrasevic, Ivan LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
When the music goes quiet - an analysis of the rules governing the deduction of collective management organizations from right revenue
course
JURM02 20192
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
immaterialrätt, upphovsrätt, musik, kollektiv förvaltning, avdrag
language
Swedish
id
9000277
date added to LUP
2020-01-28 09:33:32
date last changed
2020-01-28 09:33:32
@misc{9000277,
  abstract     = {{With the introduction of the Collective Rights Management Directive (2014/26/EU), the EU's efforts to harmonize the area of collective rights management succeeded. The new digital environment had created a greater need for the EU to regulate the area and to contribute to all Member States based on the same rules. In the past, the management of the organizations had looked different because there was no harmonized regulation. The purpose of the directive is to protect European authors effectively and give users access to copyrighted content throughout Europe - copyright should be adapted for the digital environment. When law (2016: 977) on collective management of copyright (KFUL) was introduced in Sweden, a regulation was added that had not previously existed. The Swedish administrative organizations had previously applied law (1960: 729) on copyright to literary and artistic works and association law to regulate their functioning. The new law created new opportunities but also new challenges when it came to application. All organizations now had to adapt to the new regulations.

This essay addresses both the Collective Rights Management Directive and KFUL, and gives the reader an insight into what it is that is regulated by the two regulations. The main focus is on the rules that govern the deductions that a collective management organization is allowed to make on its right holders, but also those that they may have the opportunity to make on foreign right holders when there are representation agreements. These provisions have proved to be problematic in that some national rules in Member States have forced national organizations to apply deductions, which may conflict with the requirement for explicit consent, which is otherwise required when a representation agreement exists.

The dissertation goes through copyright law and then gives an overview of some of the Swedish collective management organizations. Then both the Collective Rights Management Directive and the KFUL are presented in two separate sections that de-scribe what their aims were at the introduction and what they regulate. The dissertation also contains a section that deals with the provisions for deductions in both regulations. This is also where the problems surrounding these regulations are ad-dressed.
 
Finally, the essay contains an analysis where the questions are raised and answered. The conclusion is that today there are shortcomings with how Member States have incorporated the Collective Rights Management Directive. France, Portugal and Denmark are three examples of countries that are raised in this essay and where in some form there are provisions that force their organizations to deduct for social, cultural or educational purposes. Since the directive contains a requirement for explicit consent when there is a representation agreement, the requirement of consent ends up in conflict with the provisions that force organizations to make deductions. This therefore means that there is a potential conflict where the three countries that have been raised in this essay, can choose to disregard the consent and apply the deduction anyway. Furthermore, there are deficiencies in the practical application of the deduction provisions which lead to them being applied in a discriminatory man-ner. It has been found that access to the services financed by the deductions does not always benefit foreign rights holders.}},
  author       = {{Abrasevic, Ivan}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{När musiken tystnar – en analys av bestämmelserna om de kollektiva förvaltningsorganisationernas avdrag från rättighetsintäkter för sociala-, kulturella- och utbildningsändamål}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}