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Outsourcing Asylum: The EU Disembarkation Centers Proposal

Jönsson, Karolin LU (2019) JURM02 20192
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Denna uppsats har undersökt den externa utvecklingen av EUs asylpolicy.
Uppsatsen har beskrivit att EUs Asylsystem, the Common European Asylum
System (CEAS), har allt sedan sitt upprättande varit baserad på idén om att en förstärkning av EUs yttre gränser är en förutsättning för upprätthållandet av ett inre gemensamt område utan interna gränser. Efter den så kallade “migrationskrisen” år 2015, har EU uppvisat ett ökat intresse av att flytta gränskontroller för migranter och flyktingar utanför EU, i andra staters territorier. I den här kontexten, presenterade det Europeiska rådet, den 28 juni 2018, ett förslag för så kallade ”Disembarkation Centers”, där migranter skulle kunna tas emot och bli screenade för att kunna ta reda på om de var... (More)
Denna uppsats har undersökt den externa utvecklingen av EUs asylpolicy.
Uppsatsen har beskrivit att EUs Asylsystem, the Common European Asylum
System (CEAS), har allt sedan sitt upprättande varit baserad på idén om att en förstärkning av EUs yttre gränser är en förutsättning för upprätthållandet av ett inre gemensamt område utan interna gränser. Efter den så kallade “migrationskrisen” år 2015, har EU uppvisat ett ökat intresse av att flytta gränskontroller för migranter och flyktingar utanför EU, i andra staters territorier. I den här kontexten, presenterade det Europeiska rådet, den 28 juni 2018, ett förslag för så kallade ”Disembarkation Centers”, där migranter skulle kunna tas emot och bli screenade för att kunna ta reda på om de var i behov av internationellt skydd innan de nådde EUs territorium. Uppsatsen har mot denna bakgrund, identifierat att en utav paradoxerna I EUs externa asyl policy, är att trots att EU har etablerat regler och förfaranden för att varna mänskliga rättigheter, så har EU samtidigt satt upp barriärer som hindrar asylsökande från att dra nytta av dem. För att kunna undersöka till vilken grad ”outsourcandet” av asyl, till exempel genom förslaget om Disembarkation Centers, är kompatibelt med CEAS, och i synnerhet med principen om non-refoulement, har uppsatsen undersökt de två koncepten jurisdiktion och statsansvar. Trots att denna undersökning visserligen har visat på anpassningsbarheten hos internationell rätt, särskilt internationell människorättslagstiftning, och statsansvarsrätt i förhållande till EU’s åtgärder för att flytta ut gränskontroller, verkar EU’s uppfinningsrikedom överträffa EU-rättens och den internationella rättens anpassningsbarhet. Det verkar därför som att ”Disembarkation Centers” hade kunnat inrättas lagligen utanför EU’s territorium, med syftet att ta emot migranter som blivit stoppade utanför EU’s territorium, under förutsättning att vissa specifika villkor är uppfyllda, särskilt att principen om non-refoulement i Flyktingkonventionen och den Europeiska Konventionen om de Mänskliga Rättigheterna ska respekteras. (Less)
Abstract
This thesis has examined the external developments of the EU’s asylum policy. It has described, that since its creation, the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), has been based on the notion that a strengthening of the EU’s external borders is a pre-requisite in order to ensure the sustainability of a common area without internal borders. Since the so-called migration crisis in 2015, the EU has demonstrated an increased interest in moving border controls for refugees and migrants outside the EU, to the territory of other states. In this context, on 28 June 2018, the EU Council presented the Disembarkation Centers Proposal, where migrants would be hosted and screened in order to determine if they qualified for international protection,... (More)
This thesis has examined the external developments of the EU’s asylum policy. It has described, that since its creation, the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), has been based on the notion that a strengthening of the EU’s external borders is a pre-requisite in order to ensure the sustainability of a common area without internal borders. Since the so-called migration crisis in 2015, the EU has demonstrated an increased interest in moving border controls for refugees and migrants outside the EU, to the territory of other states. In this context, on 28 June 2018, the EU Council presented the Disembarkation Centers Proposal, where migrants would be hosted and screened in order to determine if they qualified for international protection, before reaching the EU territory. In view of this, the thesis has identified that one of the paradoxes in the development of the EU’s external asylum policy is that although the EU has established rights-sensitive standards and procedures for assessing protection claims of asylum seekers within its jurisdiction, it has simultaneously established barriers that prevent asylum seekers to benefit from the same.
In order to examine to what extent, the “outsourcing” of asylum, for instance through the Disembarkation Centers Proposal are compatible with the CEAS, and in particular with the principle of non-refoulement, the thesis has examined the concepts of jurisdiction and state responsibility in relation to the principle of non-refoulement. While the assessment of jurisdiction has illustrated the adaptability of international law, especially human rights law, and the law of state responsibility to the measures taken by the EU in external migration controls, the inventiveness of the EU and its Member States seems to surpass the adaptability of EU and international law. Consequently, it seems that disembarkation centers could lawfully be established outside of the EU territory, in order to receive migrants intercepted outside the territory of the EU, provided that specific conditions are met; in particular, that the principle of non-refoulement in the Refugee Convention and in the European Convention on Human Rights is respected. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Jönsson, Karolin LU
supervisor
organization
course
JURM02 20192
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
EU law, International law, Asylum, Non-refoulement, Integrated Border Management, Jurisdiction
language
English
id
9000533
date added to LUP
2020-02-03 10:27:14
date last changed
2020-02-03 10:27:14
@misc{9000533,
  abstract     = {{This thesis has examined the external developments of the EU’s asylum policy. It has described, that since its creation, the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), has been based on the notion that a strengthening of the EU’s external borders is a pre-requisite in order to ensure the sustainability of a common area without internal borders. Since the so-called migration crisis in 2015, the EU has demonstrated an increased interest in moving border controls for refugees and migrants outside the EU, to the territory of other states. In this context, on 28 June 2018, the EU Council presented the Disembarkation Centers Proposal, where migrants would be hosted and screened in order to determine if they qualified for international protection, before reaching the EU territory. In view of this, the thesis has identified that one of the paradoxes in the development of the EU’s external asylum policy is that although the EU has established rights-sensitive standards and procedures for assessing protection claims of asylum seekers within its jurisdiction, it has simultaneously established barriers that prevent asylum seekers to benefit from the same. 
In order to examine to what extent, the “outsourcing” of asylum, for instance through the Disembarkation Centers Proposal are compatible with the CEAS, and in particular with the principle of non-refoulement, the thesis has examined the concepts of jurisdiction and state responsibility in relation to the principle of non-refoulement. While the assessment of jurisdiction has illustrated the adaptability of international law, especially human rights law, and the law of state responsibility to the measures taken by the EU in external migration controls, the inventiveness of the EU and its Member States seems to surpass the adaptability of EU and international law. Consequently, it seems that disembarkation centers could lawfully be established outside of the EU territory, in order to receive migrants intercepted outside the territory of the EU, provided that specific conditions are met; in particular, that the principle of non-refoulement in the Refugee Convention and in the European Convention on Human Rights is respected.}},
  author       = {{Jönsson, Karolin}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Outsourcing Asylum: The EU Disembarkation Centers Proposal}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}