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En intelligentare upphandling? – En utredning om möjligheten att använda artificiell intelligens som hjälpmedel vid upphandling

Wibring, Carolina LU (2019) JURM02 20192
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Samhället präglas av digital utveckling som anses medföra stora fördelar. Inom det juridiska området tar primärt EU digitaliseringen i anspråk vid sin verksamhet. Sverige har högt uppsatta digitaliseringsmål men är inte lika lyckade som EU på att lagtekniskt följa med i denna utveckling. Med utgångspunkt i digitaliseringen av samhället utreds i den här uppsatsen huruvida det är möjligt att, utifrån leverantörens perspektiv, använda system understödda med artificiell intelligens (AI) vid upphandling. Direktivstyrd upphandling är till stor del digitaliserad och utgör inte ett hinder för ytterligare digitalisering av upphandlingsprocessen, genom användning av AI. Med användning av AI-teknik benämnd maskininlärning och natural language... (More)
Samhället präglas av digital utveckling som anses medföra stora fördelar. Inom det juridiska området tar primärt EU digitaliseringen i anspråk vid sin verksamhet. Sverige har högt uppsatta digitaliseringsmål men är inte lika lyckade som EU på att lagtekniskt följa med i denna utveckling. Med utgångspunkt i digitaliseringen av samhället utreds i den här uppsatsen huruvida det är möjligt att, utifrån leverantörens perspektiv, använda system understödda med artificiell intelligens (AI) vid upphandling. Direktivstyrd upphandling är till stor del digitaliserad och utgör inte ett hinder för ytterligare digitalisering av upphandlingsprocessen, genom användning av AI. Med användning av AI-teknik benämnd maskininlärning och natural language processing är det möjligt att förenkla och effektivisera leverantörens arbete med upphandling. För att AI-understödda system ska vara funktionella krävs en stor mängd data. Resultatet av användningen av AI-system baseras också på kvaliteten av data som är tillgänglig för AI-systemet. Bland annat offentlighetsprincipen gör det möjligt att samla in relevanta data, som i detta hänseende utgörs av exempelvis aktuella upphandlingsdokument och anbud till tidigare upphandlingar. Allmänna handlingars tillgänglighet hindras emellertid av sekretessbestämmelser, reglering kring vilket format handlingen bör lämnas ut i samt avgiftsbestämmelser. Genom min utredning kommer jag fram till att det finns fördelar med att handlingar om upphandling utgör fritt tillgängliga data. Mitt förslag att göra handlingar om upphandlingar ännu mer lättillgängliga för allmänheten grundar sig i principerna som genomsyrar upphandling, det globala initiativet öppna data samt den nya PSI- direktivet som ska vara implementerad i nationell rätt senast juli 2021. Införandet av en ny huvudregel att dokument tillhörande upphandling ska lämnas ut digitalt anser jag emellertid som ett än mer välgrundat förslag. Detta utifrån skydd för upphandlingsaktörernas intressen samt underlättande av digital utveckling och möjligheten till en intelligentare upphandling. (Less)
Abstract
Society is characterized by digital development, which is considered to bring great benefits. In the legal field it is primarily the EU that uses means towards digitalization in its operations. Sweden’s goals for digitalization are high but the country has not been as successful as the EU in staying current with the development judicially. With the digitization of society as its basis, this paper examines whether it is possible from the supplier’s perspective to use systems supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the procurement process. Directive-driven procurement is largely digitized, and it is not an obstacle for further digitization of the procurement process through the use of AI. Using AI technology called Machine Learning and... (More)
Society is characterized by digital development, which is considered to bring great benefits. In the legal field it is primarily the EU that uses means towards digitalization in its operations. Sweden’s goals for digitalization are high but the country has not been as successful as the EU in staying current with the development judicially. With the digitization of society as its basis, this paper examines whether it is possible from the supplier’s perspective to use systems supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the procurement process. Directive-driven procurement is largely digitized, and it is not an obstacle for further digitization of the procurement process through the use of AI. Using AI technology called Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing, it is possible to simplify and streamline the procurement process for the supplier. In order for AI-supported systems to be functional, a large amount of data is required. The results achieved through the use of AI systems are also dependent on the quality of data available to the AI system. Among other things, the principle of public access to official documents makes it possible to collect relevant data, which in this instance is, for example, current procurement documents and tenders for previous contracts. However, accessibility to public documents is hampered by confidentiality regulations, regulations on which format the document should be disclosed in, and fee regulations. Through my inquiry, I find that there are advantages to procurement documents being freely available data. My proposal to make procurement documents even more accessible to the public is based on the principles that permeate the procurement process, the global open data initiative and the new PSI directive, which is to be implemented in national law by July 2021. However, I deem the imposition of a new main principal where documents related to procurement are released digitally is an even more well-grounded proposition. I base this on the continued protection of the procurement actors’ interests as well as the facilitation of digital development and the possibility of a more intelligent procurement process. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Wibring, Carolina LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
A More Intelligent Procurement Process? – An inquiry into the possibility of using artificial intelligence as a tool in the procurement process
course
JURM02 20192
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
EU-rätt, EU law, IT-rätt, rättsvetenskap, law, förvaltningsrätt, administrative law
language
Swedish
id
9000582
date added to LUP
2020-02-01 15:28:45
date last changed
2020-02-01 15:28:45
@misc{9000582,
  abstract     = {{Society is characterized by digital development, which is considered to bring great benefits. In the legal field it is primarily the EU that uses means towards digitalization in its operations. Sweden’s goals for digitalization are high but the country has not been as successful as the EU in staying current with the development judicially. With the digitization of society as its basis, this paper examines whether it is possible from the supplier’s perspective to use systems supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the procurement process. Directive-driven procurement is largely digitized, and it is not an obstacle for further digitization of the procurement process through the use of AI. Using AI technology called Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing, it is possible to simplify and streamline the procurement process for the supplier. In order for AI-supported systems to be functional, a large amount of data is required. The results achieved through the use of AI systems are also dependent on the quality of data available to the AI system. Among other things, the principle of public access to official documents makes it possible to collect relevant data, which in this instance is, for example, current procurement documents and tenders for previous contracts. However, accessibility to public documents is hampered by confidentiality regulations, regulations on which format the document should be disclosed in, and fee regulations. Through my inquiry, I find that there are advantages to procurement documents being freely available data. My proposal to make procurement documents even more accessible to the public is based on the principles that permeate the procurement process, the global open data initiative and the new PSI directive, which is to be implemented in national law by July 2021. However, I deem the imposition of a new main principal where documents related to procurement are released digitally is an even more well-grounded proposition. I base this on the continued protection of the procurement actors’ interests as well as the facilitation of digital development and the possibility of a more intelligent procurement process.}},
  author       = {{Wibring, Carolina}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{En intelligentare upphandling? – En utredning om möjligheten att använda artificiell intelligens som hjälpmedel vid upphandling}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}