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En förmånlig avveckling av boet, för vem? – En analys av konkursboets ansvar för miljöfordringar

Österberg, Sofie LU (2020) JURM02 20201
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Uppsatsen behandlar konkursboets ansvar för miljöfordringar. Uppsatsen belyser såväl konkursboets ansvar för miljöfordringar som den gränsdragningsproblematiken detta medför gällande boets ansvar för gäldenärens görande. Det finns typfall för vilka konkursboet anses bära ansvar. Dessa benämns förvarings- och verksamhetsfallen och redogör för de situationer som konkursboet får stå kostnaderna för miljöfordringar. Till detta hör även abandoneringens rättsverkan. Mark- och miljööverdomstolen (MÖD) utpekade i MÖD 2015:19 konkursboet som ansvarig för tillsynsavgifterna trots att egendomen var en direkt följd av gäldenärens verksamhet och att egendomen abandonerats. Frågan om abandoneringens rättsverkan har varit central i förhållande till... (More)
Uppsatsen behandlar konkursboets ansvar för miljöfordringar. Uppsatsen belyser såväl konkursboets ansvar för miljöfordringar som den gränsdragningsproblematiken detta medför gällande boets ansvar för gäldenärens görande. Det finns typfall för vilka konkursboet anses bära ansvar. Dessa benämns förvarings- och verksamhetsfallen och redogör för de situationer som konkursboet får stå kostnaderna för miljöfordringar. Till detta hör även abandoneringens rättsverkan. Mark- och miljööverdomstolen (MÖD) utpekade i MÖD 2015:19 konkursboet som ansvarig för tillsynsavgifterna trots att egendomen var en direkt följd av gäldenärens verksamhet och att egendomen abandonerats. Frågan om abandoneringens rättsverkan har varit central i förhållande till konkursboets möjlighet att avsäga sig ansvar för sådan egendom som kan aktualisera miljöansvar. Diskussionen av detta har belysts i såväl praxis som doktrin vilket redogörs för i uppsatsen. MÖD tycks vara av uppfattningen att abandoneringen inte har rättsverkan mot offentligrättsligt grundade fordringar. I uppsatsen nås emellertid slutsatsen, med stöd i doktrin och praxis, att abandonering som utgångspunkt är giltig.

I uppsatsen behandlas även frågan om klassificeringen av vissa fordringar som massafordran, utan konkursboets aktiva inträdande i ett rättsförhållande, är ett avsteg från likabehandlingsprincipen. Diskussionen landar i att utpekandet av ansvarspart skiljer sig åt beroende på rättsområde. Det finns likabehandling inom respektive rättsområde men då miljörätten tillämpas blir utfallet annorlunda för dessa fordringar varför likabehandling inom konkursrättens ramar, i det avseendet, inte sker. Anledningen till detta är att miljörätten har att beakta miljöns värde primärt och inte konkursrättens ramar. Tillämpningen av begreppet verksamhetsutövare möjliggör detta. Tillvägagångssätten som konkursrätten respektive miljörätten använder sig av vid fastställandet av ansvar skiljer sig åt. Detta möjliggör klassificeringen av miljöfordran som massafordran.

I uppsatsen diskuteras genomgående de olika skyddsvärdenas relation till varandra och de möjliga aspekter som bör behandlas de lege ferenda. I botten vilar frågan på övervägande om i vilken omfattning staten respektive borgenärskollektivet bör bära kostnaderna för konkursboets hantering av miljöfordringar. (Less)
Abstract
This paper addresses the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims. It highlights both the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims and the problem this entails regarding the estate's responsibility for the debtor's actions. There are typical cases for which the bankruptcy estate is considered to bear responsibility. These are referred to as storage- and operations cases and describe the various situations that the bankruptcy estate may face the costs of environmental claims. This also includes the legal effect of abandonment. The Environmental Court (MÖD), has ruled in the case of MÖD 2015:19 the bankruptcy estate was responsible for the supervision fees, despite the fact that the claim was a direct... (More)
This paper addresses the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims. It highlights both the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims and the problem this entails regarding the estate's responsibility for the debtor's actions. There are typical cases for which the bankruptcy estate is considered to bear responsibility. These are referred to as storage- and operations cases and describe the various situations that the bankruptcy estate may face the costs of environmental claims. This also includes the legal effect of abandonment. The Environmental Court (MÖD), has ruled in the case of MÖD 2015:19 the bankruptcy estate was responsible for the supervision fees, despite the fact that the claim was a direct consequence of the debtor's activities and that the property was abandoned. The issue of the legal effect of the abandonment has been central to the bankruptcy estate's ability to relinquish liability for property that can actualize environmental liability. The discussion of this has been highlighted in both established practice and doctrine, which is explained in the essay. MÖD appear to be of the opinion that abandonment does not have legal effect against claims based on public law. In the essay, however, it is concluded, supported by doctrine and established practice, that abandonment as a starting point is valid.

The thesis also addresses the issue of classifying certain claims as claims against the estate, without the bankruptcy estate's active entry into a legal relationship, a withdrawal from the principle of equal treatment. The discussion lands in that the designation of the responsible party differs depending on the legal area. There is equal treatment in each area of law, but when environmental law is applied, the outcome will be different for these claims, which is why equal treatment within the framework of bankruptcy law, in this respect, does not take place. The reason for this is that environmental law has to consider the value of the environment primarily and not the bankruptcy law's framework. The application of the term “operator” enables this. The methods used by the bankruptcy law and the environmental law when determining liability differ. This enables the classification of environmental claims as mass claims.

The thesis discusses the relationship between the various protection values and the possible aspects that should be dealt with by the legislator. The question rests on the extent to which the state and the creditors' collective should bear the costs of the bankruptcy estate's handling of environmental claims. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Österberg, Sofie LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
A favorable settlement of the bankruptcy estate, for whom? – An analysis of the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims
course
JURM02 20201
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Civilrätt, Förmögenhetsrätt
language
Swedish
id
9010899
date added to LUP
2020-06-18 21:01:14
date last changed
2020-06-18 21:01:14
@misc{9010899,
  abstract     = {{This paper addresses the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims. It highlights both the bankruptcy estate's responsibility for environmental claims and the problem this entails regarding the estate's responsibility for the debtor's actions. There are typical cases for which the bankruptcy estate is considered to bear responsibility. These are referred to as storage- and operations cases and describe the various situations that the bankruptcy estate may face the costs of environmental claims. This also includes the legal effect of abandonment. The Environmental Court (MÖD), has ruled in the case of MÖD 2015:19 the bankruptcy estate was responsible for the supervision fees, despite the fact that the claim was a direct consequence of the debtor's activities and that the property was abandoned. The issue of the legal effect of the abandonment has been central to the bankruptcy estate's ability to relinquish liability for property that can actualize environmental liability. The discussion of this has been highlighted in both established practice and doctrine, which is explained in the essay. MÖD appear to be of the opinion that abandonment does not have legal effect against claims based on public law. In the essay, however, it is concluded, supported by doctrine and established practice, that abandonment as a starting point is valid.

The thesis also addresses the issue of classifying certain claims as claims against the estate, without the bankruptcy estate's active entry into a legal relationship, a withdrawal from the principle of equal treatment. The discussion lands in that the designation of the responsible party differs depending on the legal area. There is equal treatment in each area of law, but when environmental law is applied, the outcome will be different for these claims, which is why equal treatment within the framework of bankruptcy law, in this respect, does not take place. The reason for this is that environmental law has to consider the value of the environment primarily and not the bankruptcy law's framework. The application of the term “operator” enables this. The methods used by the bankruptcy law and the environmental law when determining liability differ. This enables the classification of environmental claims as mass claims.

The thesis discusses the relationship between the various protection values and the possible aspects that should be dealt with by the legislator. The question rests on the extent to which the state and the creditors' collective should bear the costs of the bankruptcy estate's handling of environmental claims.}},
  author       = {{Österberg, Sofie}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{En förmånlig avveckling av boet, för vem? – En analys av konkursboets ansvar för miljöfordringar}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}