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Bevisrättens tvetydiga roll vid internprissättningsmål – En granskning av beslutsinstansernas bedömning i Datawatch-fallet

Brandt, Anna LU (2020) JURM02 20202
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den här uppsatsen undersöker hur beslutsinstanserna: Skatteverket, förvaltningsrätten och kammarrätten tillämpar bevisrättsliga regler i Datawatch-fallet som avgjordes 2020. Avgörandet omfattar en internprissättningssituation som aktualiserar korrigeringsregeln i 14 kap.19 § Inkomstskattelagen (1999:1229) eftersom det rör en gränsöverskridande transaktion mellan företag i en ekonomisk intressegemenskap. Skatteverket bedömer att det svenska företaget Datawatch AB, till följd av ett företagsförvärv har överfört sina immateriella tillgångar på grund av att kontroll över risk och formell beslutanderätt bedöms ha övergått till det förvärvande bolaget. Skatteverket bedömer också att kriterierna för oriktig uppgift är uppfyllda och påför... (More)
Den här uppsatsen undersöker hur beslutsinstanserna: Skatteverket, förvaltningsrätten och kammarrätten tillämpar bevisrättsliga regler i Datawatch-fallet som avgjordes 2020. Avgörandet omfattar en internprissättningssituation som aktualiserar korrigeringsregeln i 14 kap.19 § Inkomstskattelagen (1999:1229) eftersom det rör en gränsöverskridande transaktion mellan företag i en ekonomisk intressegemenskap. Skatteverket bedömer att det svenska företaget Datawatch AB, till följd av ett företagsförvärv har överfört sina immateriella tillgångar på grund av att kontroll över risk och formell beslutanderätt bedöms ha övergått till det förvärvande bolaget. Skatteverket bedömer också att kriterierna för oriktig uppgift är uppfyllda och påför Datawatch skattetillägg och beslutar om efterbeskattning.
Med stöd av den rättsdogmatiska metoden presenterar uppsatsen materiella regler kring korrigeringsregeln, det skatterättsliga förfarande och bevisrättens viktiga beståndsdelar såsom bevisbörda och beviskrav. En viktig reglering som också behandlas är möjligheten att omkvalificera ett avtal eller avtalsvillkor till rättshandlingarnas verkliga innebörd, något som också blir aktuellt i Datawatch-fallet.
Uppsatsen finner att det behövs en mer konsekvent och tydlig hantering av bevisrätten i det skatterättsliga förfarandet. Det riktas kritik mot den skatterättsliga processen eftersom beslutsinstanserna inte är tydliga med hur bevisvärderingen har gått till och understryker att domskrivningarna många gånger är bristfälliga. Den skatteskyldige kan inte utläsa på vilka grunder och bevis som domstolen fattat sitt beslut utifrån.
Skatteverket och domstolarna tillämpar inte bevisrätten konsekvent i Datawatch-fallet. Det fanns en tydlig önskan, främst hos praktiker att Högsta förvaltningsdomstolen skulle meddela prövningstillstånd i frågan eftersom de konsekvenser som Datawatch-fallet medför blir svåröverblickbara och kan resultera i att ett bolags tillgångar kan ses ha överförts utan företagets vetskap. Underlaget för en sådan bedömning bottnar i en egen tolkning att kontroll över risk och den formella äganderätten medför att tillgångar och rätten till avkastning anses ha överförts.
Beslutet att inte bevilja prövningstillstånd har bidragit till stor diskussion på området. Det råder en fortsatt osäkerhet om beslutet i Datawatch-fallet är förenligt med svensk intern rätt och en farhåga har uppkommit att beslutet riskerar att stjälpa rättssäkerheten inom det skatterättsliga området. (Less)
Abstract
This dissertation examines how decision-making bodies: the Swedish Tax Agency, the Administrative Court and the Administrative Court of Appeal apply rules of evidence law in the Datawatch case that was decided in 2020. The decision includes a transfer pricing situation that actualizes Korrigeringsregeln, based on the Arm’s length principle in Chapter 14, Section 19 of the Income Tax Act (1999: 1229) as it concerns a cross-border transaction within a multinational enterprise that shares a common economic interest. The Swedish Tax Agency deems that the Swedish company Datawatch AB, as a result of a company acquisition, has transferred its intangible assets, in terms of control over risk and formal decision-making power to the acquiring... (More)
This dissertation examines how decision-making bodies: the Swedish Tax Agency, the Administrative Court and the Administrative Court of Appeal apply rules of evidence law in the Datawatch case that was decided in 2020. The decision includes a transfer pricing situation that actualizes Korrigeringsregeln, based on the Arm’s length principle in Chapter 14, Section 19 of the Income Tax Act (1999: 1229) as it concerns a cross-border transaction within a multinational enterprise that shares a common economic interest. The Swedish Tax Agency deems that the Swedish company Datawatch AB, as a result of a company acquisition, has transferred its intangible assets, in terms of control over risk and formal decision-making power to the acquiring company. The Swedish Tax Agency also considers that the criteria for incorrect information are met and imposes a tax surcharge on Datawatch and decides on post-taxation.
Drawing on the legal dogmatic method, the thesis presents material rules regarding the correction rule, the tax law procedure and the important components of the law of evidence, such as the burden of proof and evidentiary requirements. An important regulation that is also addressed in the thesis is the possibility of re-qualifying an agreement or contract terms to the true meaning which becomes relevant in the Datawatch case.
The thesis finds that a more consistent and clear handling of the right of evidence is needed in the tax law procedure. Criticism is directed at the tax law process as the decision-making bodies are not clear about how the evaluation of evidence has taken place and judgments are often deficient. The taxpayer can often not deduce on what grounds and evidence the court’s or the Swedish Tax Agency decision was based on.
The Swedish Tax Agency and the courts do not apply the right to evidence consistently in the Datawatch case. There was a clear desire, mainly among practitioners, that the Supreme Administrative Court should grant leave to appeal in the matter as the consequences of the Datawatch case become difficult to foresee and may result in a company's assets being transferred without the company's knowledge. The ground for such an assessment is based on the court’s interpretation that control over risk and the formal right of ownership equals that assets and the right to return are considered to have been transferred.
The decision not to grant leave to appeal has contributed to much discussion in the domain of tax law. There is continued uncertainty as to whether the decision in the Datawatch case is compatible with Swedish domestic law and a concern has arisen that the decision risks overturning legal certainty in the area of tax law. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Brandt, Anna LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
The role of rules of evidence in Transfer Pricing – An examination of the decision-making bodies' assessment in the Datawatch case
course
JURM02 20202
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Skatterätt, internprissättning, Datawatch, Bevisrätt, Transfer Pricing
language
Swedish
id
9034332
date added to LUP
2021-01-26 09:01:45
date last changed
2021-01-26 09:01:45
@misc{9034332,
  abstract     = {{This dissertation examines how decision-making bodies: the Swedish Tax Agency, the Administrative Court and the Administrative Court of Appeal apply rules of evidence law in the Datawatch case that was decided in 2020. The decision includes a transfer pricing situation that actualizes Korrigeringsregeln, based on the Arm’s length principle in Chapter 14, Section 19 of the Income Tax Act (1999: 1229) as it concerns a cross-border transaction within a multinational enterprise that shares a common economic interest. The Swedish Tax Agency deems that the Swedish company Datawatch AB, as a result of a company acquisition, has transferred its intangible assets, in terms of control over risk and formal decision-making power to the acquiring company. The Swedish Tax Agency also considers that the criteria for incorrect information are met and imposes a tax surcharge on Datawatch and decides on post-taxation. 
	Drawing on the legal dogmatic method, the thesis presents material rules regarding the correction rule, the tax law procedure and the important components of the law of evidence, such as the burden of proof and evidentiary requirements. An important regulation that is also addressed in the thesis is the possibility of re-qualifying an agreement or contract terms to the true meaning which becomes relevant in the Datawatch case.
	The thesis finds that a more consistent and clear handling of the right of evidence is needed in the tax law procedure. Criticism is directed at the tax law process as the decision-making bodies are not clear about how the evaluation of evidence has taken place and judgments are often deficient. The taxpayer can often not deduce on what grounds and evidence the court’s or the Swedish Tax Agency decision was based on. 
	The Swedish Tax Agency and the courts do not apply the right to evidence consistently in the Datawatch case. There was a clear desire, mainly among practitioners, that the Supreme Administrative Court should grant leave to appeal in the matter as the consequences of the Datawatch case become difficult to foresee and may result in a company's assets being transferred without the company's knowledge. The ground for such an assessment is based on the court’s interpretation that control over risk and the formal right of ownership equals that assets and the right to return are considered to have been transferred. 
	The decision not to grant leave to appeal has contributed to much discussion in the domain of tax law. There is continued uncertainty as to whether the decision in the Datawatch case is compatible with Swedish domestic law and a concern has arisen that the decision risks overturning legal certainty in the area of tax law.}},
  author       = {{Brandt, Anna}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Bevisrättens tvetydiga roll vid internprissättningsmål – En granskning av beslutsinstansernas bedömning i Datawatch-fallet}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}