Nöjd eller oengagerad? Den bristande kundrörligheten på bolånemarknaden ur ett konkurrensrättsligt perspektiv
(2020) LAGF03 20202Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract
- The purpose of this paper has been to examine the competition in the Swedish mortgage
market, and how costumer mobility affects that market.
The theories of legal economics and competition law, especially the theories of the Chicago
school, the theory of free competition, monopoly and oligopoly are the basis in competition
law analysis. The Swedish and EU competition law is harmonized. The legislation consists of
three fundamental elements, the ban on anti-competitive collaborations between companies,
the ban of abuse of market dominance and control of large company acquisitions. In order to
determine if companies are abusing their market dominance, it is important to establish the
companies’ shares in the relevant market, as... (More) - The purpose of this paper has been to examine the competition in the Swedish mortgage
market, and how costumer mobility affects that market.
The theories of legal economics and competition law, especially the theories of the Chicago
school, the theory of free competition, monopoly and oligopoly are the basis in competition
law analysis. The Swedish and EU competition law is harmonized. The legislation consists of
three fundamental elements, the ban on anti-competitive collaborations between companies,
the ban of abuse of market dominance and control of large company acquisitions. In order to
determine if companies are abusing their market dominance, it is important to establish the
companies’ shares in the relevant market, as well as the relevant market itself. For a more
general analysis of competition, market concentration is an important aspect.
The mortgage market has a central role in the economic system. The banks are intermediaries
between investors and borrowers. The mortgage market, with a turnover of SEK 3,132 billion
(October 2020), is an important sub-market in the financial system and as most people help
finance their homes with mortgages the consumers play a big part as well. The mortgage
market is high in concentration. Competition is a mean of controlling both prices and product
development and is also important for maintaining an efficient market. At the same time,
stability must not be jeopardized, as it is crucial for the economic system as a whole.
Although the surveys show that competition in the mortgage market is lacking, it is possible
to see an improvement over time, which also goes for customer mobility. The mortgage
market's customers have stated that the fear of a bank becoming financially unstable is the
main reason for not changing banks, while the main aspect of low customer mobility within
the financial system in general is a lack of interest. The aspects of customer mobility that this
paper has touched upon and identified as anti-competitive, are to be considered difficult to
resolve by legal measures. The increased competition is positive for the market, but at the
same time the development must proceed with regards to the financial systems protection of
its main interest – stability in the market. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka konkurrensen på den svenska
bolånemarknaden samt hur den påverkas av kundrörligheten.
De olika rättsekonomiska och konkurrensrättsliga teorierna Chicagoskolan, teorin om den fria konkurrensen, monopol och oligopol är grundläggande utgångspunkter vid en
konkurrensrättslig bedömning. Den svenska och EU-rättsliga konkurrenslagstiftningen är harmoniserad och baserad på förbudsprincipen. Lagstiftningen består av tre grundläggande delar, förbudet mot konkurrensbegränsande samarbeten mellan företag, möjligheten att
ingripa mot missbruk av marknadsdominans och kontroll av stora företagsförvärv. För att avgöra om företag missbrukar sin dominerande ställning är det viktigt att fastställa dess... (More) - Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka konkurrensen på den svenska
bolånemarknaden samt hur den påverkas av kundrörligheten.
De olika rättsekonomiska och konkurrensrättsliga teorierna Chicagoskolan, teorin om den fria konkurrensen, monopol och oligopol är grundläggande utgångspunkter vid en
konkurrensrättslig bedömning. Den svenska och EU-rättsliga konkurrenslagstiftningen är harmoniserad och baserad på förbudsprincipen. Lagstiftningen består av tre grundläggande delar, förbudet mot konkurrensbegränsande samarbeten mellan företag, möjligheten att
ingripa mot missbruk av marknadsdominans och kontroll av stora företagsförvärv. För att avgöra om företag missbrukar sin dominerande ställning är det viktigt att fastställa dess marknadsandelar på den relevanta marknaden. Vid en mer allmän analys av konkurrens är marknadskoncentrationen en viktig aspekt.
Bolånemarknaden har ett flertal intressenter. Bankerna spelar en central roll som
intermediärer i det finansiella systemet. Bolånemarknaden, med en omsättning på 3 132 miljarder kronor (oktober 2020), är också en viktig delmarknad i systemet. De flesta privatpersoner finansierar sitt bostadsförvärv med hjälp av bolån. Bolånemarknaden har hög koncentration av aktörer och flera olika indikatorer pekar på låg konkurrens på marknaden, en av dessa faktorer är kundrörligheten. Konkurrensen främjar både priser och produktutveckling är viktig för att bibehålla en effektiv marknad. Samtidigt får inte stabiliteten försättas i fara, eftersom den är avgörande för det ekonomiska systemet i stort.
Trots att undersökningen visar att konkurrensen på bolånemarknaden brister, går det att se en positiv trend. Även kundrörligheten har förbättrats över tid. Bolånemarknadens kunder har uppgett att rädslan för att en bank ska bli finansiellt instabil är den främsta anledningen för att
inte byta bank, medan den främsta aspekten av låg kundrörlighet inom det finansiella
systemet i stort istället är bristande engagemang. De aspekter av kundrörligheten som berörts och identifierats som konkurrenshämmande är svåra att lösa rättsligt. Den ökade konkurrensen är positiv för marknaden, men samtidigt måste utvecklingen ske med hänsyn till det finansiella områdets främsta skyddsintresse – stabiliteten. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9034437
- author
- Wahlman, Karin LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20202
- year
- 2020
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- konkurrensrätt, bankrätt, rättsekonomi, oligopol, marknadsdominans, priskoncentration, bolånemarknaden
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9034437
- date added to LUP
- 2021-02-09 10:56:54
- date last changed
- 2021-02-09 10:56:54
@misc{9034437,
abstract = {{The purpose of this paper has been to examine the competition in the Swedish mortgage
market, and how costumer mobility affects that market.
The theories of legal economics and competition law, especially the theories of the Chicago
school, the theory of free competition, monopoly and oligopoly are the basis in competition
law analysis. The Swedish and EU competition law is harmonized. The legislation consists of
three fundamental elements, the ban on anti-competitive collaborations between companies,
the ban of abuse of market dominance and control of large company acquisitions. In order to
determine if companies are abusing their market dominance, it is important to establish the
companies’ shares in the relevant market, as well as the relevant market itself. For a more
general analysis of competition, market concentration is an important aspect.
The mortgage market has a central role in the economic system. The banks are intermediaries
between investors and borrowers. The mortgage market, with a turnover of SEK 3,132 billion
(October 2020), is an important sub-market in the financial system and as most people help
finance their homes with mortgages the consumers play a big part as well. The mortgage
market is high in concentration. Competition is a mean of controlling both prices and product
development and is also important for maintaining an efficient market. At the same time,
stability must not be jeopardized, as it is crucial for the economic system as a whole.
Although the surveys show that competition in the mortgage market is lacking, it is possible
to see an improvement over time, which also goes for customer mobility. The mortgage
market's customers have stated that the fear of a bank becoming financially unstable is the
main reason for not changing banks, while the main aspect of low customer mobility within
the financial system in general is a lack of interest. The aspects of customer mobility that this
paper has touched upon and identified as anti-competitive, are to be considered difficult to
resolve by legal measures. The increased competition is positive for the market, but at the
same time the development must proceed with regards to the financial systems protection of
its main interest – stability in the market.}},
author = {{Wahlman, Karin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Nöjd eller oengagerad? Den bristande kundrörligheten på bolånemarknaden ur ett konkurrensrättsligt perspektiv}},
year = {{2020}},
}