Kan artificiell intelligens fatta patentbeslut? En analys av möjligheten att automatisera patentbeslut
(2020) LAGF03 20202Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Digitaliseringen i samhället breder ut sig i allt större omfattning. Utvecklingen öppnar upp för en mängd möjligheter men kommer även med en hel del utmaningar. Processer som tidigare varit beroende av manuella förfarande kan nu hanteras helt automatiskt. Detta gäller exempelvis möjligheten att fatta automatiserade beslut inom den offentliga förvaltningen. AI möjliggör för mer komplicerade uppgifter att hanteras automatiskt men används inte vid automatiserat beslutsfattande idag. AI har också väckt diskussioner på immaterialrättens område vilket lett till spekulationer gällande utvecklingsmöjligheterna för Patent- och registreringsverkets verksamhet. Denna uppsats analyserar ur ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv hur gällande rätt möjliggör... (More)
- Digitaliseringen i samhället breder ut sig i allt större omfattning. Utvecklingen öppnar upp för en mängd möjligheter men kommer även med en hel del utmaningar. Processer som tidigare varit beroende av manuella förfarande kan nu hanteras helt automatiskt. Detta gäller exempelvis möjligheten att fatta automatiserade beslut inom den offentliga förvaltningen. AI möjliggör för mer komplicerade uppgifter att hanteras automatiskt men används inte vid automatiserat beslutsfattande idag. AI har också väckt diskussioner på immaterialrättens område vilket lett till spekulationer gällande utvecklingsmöjligheterna för Patent- och registreringsverkets verksamhet. Denna uppsats analyserar ur ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv hur gällande rätt möjliggör respektive begränsar inkorporeringen av AI och automatiserade beslut i PRV:s patentärenden.
Rättssäkerhet är en viktig del av den offentliga förvaltningens verksamhet. Grundläggande principer för upprätthållandet av rättssäkerheten är exempelvis legalitetsprincipen och objektivitetsprincipen. Det är även viktigt att förvaltningen hålls öppen och effektiv. Automatiserade beslut kan ha både en positiv och negativ inverkan på rättssäkerheten. Gällande rätt möjliggör användningen av automatiserade beslut samtidigt som regelverket inte framstår som anpassat till de utmaningar som digitaliseringen för med sig. Detta kan i sin tur hindra att rättssäkerheten upprätthålls vid automatiserade beslut. Användning av AI förväntas öka effektiviteten ytterligare samtidigt som dess komplexitet kan försvåra allmänhetens möjlighet till insyn.
Patentärenden består av en formell prövning och en teknisk prövning. Den formella prövningen framstår som enklast att automatisera av de två med beaktande av hur automatiserade beslut används idag. Den tekniska prövningen karaktäriseras av komplicerade bedömningar vars komplexitet gör dem svåra att hantera helt automatiskt utan AI. För dessa bedömningar krävs språkfärdigheter och analytisk förmåga, vilka starkt förknippas med AI.
Avgörande för om en full automatisering av patentbeslut är juridiskt möjligt är därmed om användningen av AI kan genomföras på ett rättssäkert sätt. Utmaningen ligger främst i hur insyn och öppenhet i förfarandet ska garanteras samt hur objektivitetsprincipen ska upprätthållas. (Less) - Abstract
- Digitalization in our society is rapidly extending into new areas. The development opens up for many possibilities but also brings a number of challenges. Processes that were earlier dependent on manual procedures can now be managed automatically. This can for example be carried out through automated decision-making within the public administration. For more complicated tasks AI can extend the possibilities but it has not yet been used within the Swedish public administration. AI has also led to discussions within the legal area of intellectual property, resulting in speculations regarding the possible development for the Swedish Intellectual Property Office. This thesis aims to analyze how the law enables and limits the incorporation of... (More)
- Digitalization in our society is rapidly extending into new areas. The development opens up for many possibilities but also brings a number of challenges. Processes that were earlier dependent on manual procedures can now be managed automatically. This can for example be carried out through automated decision-making within the public administration. For more complicated tasks AI can extend the possibilities but it has not yet been used within the Swedish public administration. AI has also led to discussions within the legal area of intellectual property, resulting in speculations regarding the possible development for the Swedish Intellectual Property Office. This thesis aims to analyze how the law enables and limits the incorporation of AI and automated decision-making in the patent cases managed by the Swedish Intellectual Property Office. The analysis is based on the rule of law.
The rule of law is an important part of the public administration. Fundamental principles necessary to maintain the rule of law is for example the principles of legality and objectivity. It is also important that the administration remains transparent and effective. Automated decisions can affect the rule of law in both a negative and positive way. The applicable law enables the use of automatic decisions. However, the regulation does not seem to be appropriately adjusted to encounter the challenges brought by digitalization. This might limit the compliance with the rule of law. By incorporating AI in the decision making one could expect increased effectivity but also further difficulties with maintaining the transparency.
The assessment in patent cases involves a formal examination as well as a technical examination. Based on the decisions that are already subject to automated processes the formal examination appears to be the easier one of the two to carry out through an automated procedure. The technical examination is characterized by complicated assessments whose complexity
makes it difficult to completely manage automatically. These assessments require language skills and an analytic capability that is highly associated with AI.
To determine if it’s legally possible to introduce automated decision-making in patent cases it is therefore crucial to consider if the use of AI can be implemented without violating the rule of law. The main challenges are how to ensure that transparency is guaranteed as well as that the objectivity is maintained throughout the process. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9034709
- author
- Persson, Emmy LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20202
- year
- 2020
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- immaterialrätt, förvaltningsrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9034709
- date added to LUP
- 2021-02-09 11:42:13
- date last changed
- 2021-02-09 11:42:13
@misc{9034709,
abstract = {{Digitalization in our society is rapidly extending into new areas. The development opens up for many possibilities but also brings a number of challenges. Processes that were earlier dependent on manual procedures can now be managed automatically. This can for example be carried out through automated decision-making within the public administration. For more complicated tasks AI can extend the possibilities but it has not yet been used within the Swedish public administration. AI has also led to discussions within the legal area of intellectual property, resulting in speculations regarding the possible development for the Swedish Intellectual Property Office. This thesis aims to analyze how the law enables and limits the incorporation of AI and automated decision-making in the patent cases managed by the Swedish Intellectual Property Office. The analysis is based on the rule of law.
The rule of law is an important part of the public administration. Fundamental principles necessary to maintain the rule of law is for example the principles of legality and objectivity. It is also important that the administration remains transparent and effective. Automated decisions can affect the rule of law in both a negative and positive way. The applicable law enables the use of automatic decisions. However, the regulation does not seem to be appropriately adjusted to encounter the challenges brought by digitalization. This might limit the compliance with the rule of law. By incorporating AI in the decision making one could expect increased effectivity but also further difficulties with maintaining the transparency.
The assessment in patent cases involves a formal examination as well as a technical examination. Based on the decisions that are already subject to automated processes the formal examination appears to be the easier one of the two to carry out through an automated procedure. The technical examination is characterized by complicated assessments whose complexity
makes it difficult to completely manage automatically. These assessments require language skills and an analytic capability that is highly associated with AI.
To determine if it’s legally possible to introduce automated decision-making in patent cases it is therefore crucial to consider if the use of AI can be implemented without violating the rule of law. The main challenges are how to ensure that transparency is guaranteed as well as that the objectivity is maintained throughout the process.}},
author = {{Persson, Emmy}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Kan artificiell intelligens fatta patentbeslut? En analys av möjligheten att automatisera patentbeslut}},
year = {{2020}},
}