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Confidence accuracy vid vittnesmål: Effekten av lukt som minnesledtråd för händelse- och detaljinformation

Persson, Klara LU and Olsson, Mattias LU (2021) PSYK11 20202
Department of Psychology
Abstract (Swedish)
Det finns ett brett forskningsunderlag som talar för lukt som en effektiv minnesledtråd för att bättre återkalla tidigare inkodad information och minnen. Lukt kan även fungera som en minnesledtråd för att återskapa samma kontextuella förutsättningar som vid inkodningstillfället. Mycket forskning tyder även på att människor kommer ihåg händelserelaterad information lättare än detaljinformation. Studien undersökte huruvida fysisk lukt närvarande vid inkodningen ökade deltagarnas förmåga att senare återkalla information från en tidigare händelse (händelse- och detaljinformation). Studien undersökte även, med hjälp av en konfidensskala (konfidens-riktighet), om fysisk lukt ökar deltagarnas konfidens vid ett vittnesmål. Föreliggande studie... (More)
Det finns ett brett forskningsunderlag som talar för lukt som en effektiv minnesledtråd för att bättre återkalla tidigare inkodad information och minnen. Lukt kan även fungera som en minnesledtråd för att återskapa samma kontextuella förutsättningar som vid inkodningstillfället. Mycket forskning tyder även på att människor kommer ihåg händelserelaterad information lättare än detaljinformation. Studien undersökte huruvida fysisk lukt närvarande vid inkodningen ökade deltagarnas förmåga att senare återkalla information från en tidigare händelse (händelse- och detaljinformation). Studien undersökte även, med hjälp av en konfidensskala (konfidens-riktighet), om fysisk lukt ökar deltagarnas konfidens vid ett vittnesmål. Föreliggande studie använde en 2x2 mixed design med två variabler, den första variabeln (mellan-grupp-variabel) var lukt med två nivåer (lukt och ingen lukt) och den andra variabeln (inom-grupp-variabel) var typer av information med två nivåer (händelseinformation och detaljinformation). Deltagarna (N =41) såg ett filmklipp och blev exponerade för vanillinlukt. Deltagarna svarade därefter på ett vittnestest med 25 öppna frågor angående filmklippet, där hälften av deltagarna blev exponerade för samma vanillinlukt som vid inkodning. Frågorna bestod av både händelse- och detaljinformation. Deltagarna gjorde en konfidensskattning till varje svar på respektive fråga. En stark korrelation mellan korrekta och felaktiga svar hittades i gruppen där lukten var närvarande under återkallelsen, vilket är i enlighet med tidigare etablerad forskning. Studien påvisade inga signifikanta resultat. (Less)
Abstract
There is a broad research base that speaks for odor as an effective memory cue to better recall of previously encoded information and memories. Furthermore, odor can act as a memory cue to recreate the same contextual conditions as at the time of encoding. Research also suggests that people remember action-related information more easily than detailed information. The study examined whether physical odor present at the time of encoding increased the participants’ ability to later recall information from a previous event (action and detailed information). The study also examined, using a confidence scale (confidence-accuracy), whether physical odor increases the participants’ confidence in the witness testimony. The present study used a 2x2... (More)
There is a broad research base that speaks for odor as an effective memory cue to better recall of previously encoded information and memories. Furthermore, odor can act as a memory cue to recreate the same contextual conditions as at the time of encoding. Research also suggests that people remember action-related information more easily than detailed information. The study examined whether physical odor present at the time of encoding increased the participants’ ability to later recall information from a previous event (action and detailed information). The study also examined, using a confidence scale (confidence-accuracy), whether physical odor increases the participants’ confidence in the witness testimony. The present study used a 2x2 mixed design with two variables, the first variable (between group variable) was odor with two levels (odor and no odor), and the second variable (within group variable) was types of information with two levels (action information and detailed information). The participants (N=41) watched a film clip and were exposed to vanilla odor. The participants then answered a witness test with 25 open-ended questions regarding the film clip, where half of the participants were exposed to the same vanillin odor as during encoding. The questions consisted of both action and detailed information. The participants made a confidence estimate for each answer to each question. A strong correlation between correct and incorrect answers was found in the group where the odor was present during recall, which is in line with previously established research. The study showed no significant results. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Persson, Klara LU and Olsson, Mattias LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Confidence accuracy of witness testimony: The effect of odor as a memory cue to action and detailed information
course
PSYK11 20202
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
kontextberoende minne, confidence accuracy, vittnesmål, minnesledtråd, action- och detailed information
language
Swedish
id
9040391
date added to LUP
2021-02-16 08:11:32
date last changed
2021-02-16 08:11:32
@misc{9040391,
  abstract     = {{There is a broad research base that speaks for odor as an effective memory cue to better recall of previously encoded information and memories. Furthermore, odor can act as a memory cue to recreate the same contextual conditions as at the time of encoding. Research also suggests that people remember action-related information more easily than detailed information. The study examined whether physical odor present at the time of encoding increased the participants’ ability to later recall information from a previous event (action and detailed information). The study also examined, using a confidence scale (confidence-accuracy), whether physical odor increases the participants’ confidence in the witness testimony. The present study used a 2x2 mixed design with two variables, the first variable (between group variable) was odor with two levels (odor and no odor), and the second variable (within group variable) was types of information with two levels (action information and detailed information). The participants (N=41) watched a film clip and were exposed to vanilla odor. The participants then answered a witness test with 25 open-ended questions regarding the film clip, where half of the participants were exposed to the same vanillin odor as during encoding. The questions consisted of both action and detailed information. The participants made a confidence estimate for each answer to each question. A strong correlation between correct and incorrect answers was found in the group where the odor was present during recall, which is in line with previously established research. The study showed no significant results.}},
  author       = {{Persson, Klara and Olsson, Mattias}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Confidence accuracy vid vittnesmål: Effekten av lukt som minnesledtråd för händelse- och detaljinformation}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}