Utgör sexköp våldtäkt? En uppsats om hur köp av sexuella tjänster förhåller sig till ett våldtäktsbrott baserat på bristande frivillighet
(2021) LAGF03 20211Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract
- Purchase of sexual services has been illegal in Sweden since 1999. Prior to the criminalization, it was suggested that both purchase and sale of sexual services should be criminalized, but after extensive criticism, only purchase was ultimately made illegal. The criticism was largely based on the fact that the seller often was exploited by the buyer and in a vulnerable position during purchase of sex. Since 2018, the crime of rape is based on insufficient voluntariness, and the previous requirement of violence or threat is removed. With the reform, discussions arose regarding the fact that more cases of purchasing sexual services could be classified as rape since many believed that selling sexual services rarely or never could be... (More)
- Purchase of sexual services has been illegal in Sweden since 1999. Prior to the criminalization, it was suggested that both purchase and sale of sexual services should be criminalized, but after extensive criticism, only purchase was ultimately made illegal. The criticism was largely based on the fact that the seller often was exploited by the buyer and in a vulnerable position during purchase of sex. Since 2018, the crime of rape is based on insufficient voluntariness, and the previous requirement of violence or threat is removed. With the reform, discussions arose regarding the fact that more cases of purchasing sexual services could be classified as rape since many believed that selling sexual services rarely or never could be voluntary.
The purpose of this essay is therefore to investigate in which situations purchase of sexual services also can be classified as rape. The purpose is achieved through the use of preparatory work, doctrine and practice to interpret what the crime of rape means, and how a case of buying sexual services also could meet the legal requirements for rape. The essay investigates current law for both crimes, with a particular focus on the meaning of voluntariness in the crime of rape.
The essay´s analysis concludes that cases of purchase of sexual services can be classified as rape, but that such an assessment cannot be made regularly but must be based on the circumstances in each individual case. Admittedly, sale of sexual services can be carried out in certain situations without it being voluntary according to the meaning of the crime of rape. However, in each individual case, the perpetrator must act with intent or negligence in relation to the seller not acting voluntarily. In addition, the two crimes differ as to which sexual acts are covered. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Köp av sexuella tjänster har sedan 1999 varit förbjudet i Sverige. I samband med att förbudet skulle införas föreslogs att både köp och försäljning av sexuella tjänster skulle förbjudas, men efter omfattande kritik var det enbart köp som slutligen kriminaliserades. Kritiken grundades till stor del på att säljaren ofta utnyttjades av köparen och befann sig i en utsatt position vid sexköp.
År 2018 togs det tidigare kravet på våld eller hot bort från våldtäktsbrottet som därefter i stället baserades på bristande frivillighet. Reformen medförde diskussioner om att fler fall av köp av sexuell tjänst kunde rubriceras som våldtäkt eftersom vissa personer ansåg att försäljning av sexuella tjänster var en handling som sällan eller aldrig kunde... (More) - Köp av sexuella tjänster har sedan 1999 varit förbjudet i Sverige. I samband med att förbudet skulle införas föreslogs att både köp och försäljning av sexuella tjänster skulle förbjudas, men efter omfattande kritik var det enbart köp som slutligen kriminaliserades. Kritiken grundades till stor del på att säljaren ofta utnyttjades av köparen och befann sig i en utsatt position vid sexköp.
År 2018 togs det tidigare kravet på våld eller hot bort från våldtäktsbrottet som därefter i stället baserades på bristande frivillighet. Reformen medförde diskussioner om att fler fall av köp av sexuell tjänst kunde rubriceras som våldtäkt eftersom vissa personer ansåg att försäljning av sexuella tjänster var en handling som sällan eller aldrig kunde vara frivilligt. Uppsatsens syfte är således att undersöka i vilka situationer ett köp av sexuell tjänst även kan rubriceras som våldtäkt. Syftet uppnås genom användande av förarbeten, doktrin och rättspraxis för att tolka vad våldtäktsbrottet innebär samt hur ett köp av sexuell tjänst även kan uppfylla rekvisiten för våldtäkt. Uppsatsen utreder gällande rätt för båda brotten, med särskilt fokus på innebörden av frivillighet i våldtäktsbrottet.
Uppsatsens analys utrönas i slutsatsen att fall av köp av sexuell tjänst kan rubriceras som våldtäkt, men att en sådan bedömning inte kan göras regelmässigt, utan måste baseras på omständigheterna i varje enskilt fall. Förvisso kan försäljning av sexuella tjänster i vissa situationer genomföras utan att det är frivilligt enligt innebörden i våldtäktsparagrafen. Emellertid måste gärningspersonen i varje enskilt fall även agera med uppsåt eller oaktsamhet i förhållande till att säljaren inte agerar frivilligt. Dessutom skiljer sig de båda brotten åt beträffande vilka sexuella gärningar som omfattas. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9045252
- author
- Dahl, Mikaela LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- straffrätt, sexköp, våldtäkt, frivillighet
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9045252
- date added to LUP
- 2021-06-29 16:48:27
- date last changed
- 2021-06-29 16:48:27
@misc{9045252,
abstract = {{Purchase of sexual services has been illegal in Sweden since 1999. Prior to the criminalization, it was suggested that both purchase and sale of sexual services should be criminalized, but after extensive criticism, only purchase was ultimately made illegal. The criticism was largely based on the fact that the seller often was exploited by the buyer and in a vulnerable position during purchase of sex. Since 2018, the crime of rape is based on insufficient voluntariness, and the previous requirement of violence or threat is removed. With the reform, discussions arose regarding the fact that more cases of purchasing sexual services could be classified as rape since many believed that selling sexual services rarely or never could be voluntary.
The purpose of this essay is therefore to investigate in which situations purchase of sexual services also can be classified as rape. The purpose is achieved through the use of preparatory work, doctrine and practice to interpret what the crime of rape means, and how a case of buying sexual services also could meet the legal requirements for rape. The essay investigates current law for both crimes, with a particular focus on the meaning of voluntariness in the crime of rape.
The essay´s analysis concludes that cases of purchase of sexual services can be classified as rape, but that such an assessment cannot be made regularly but must be based on the circumstances in each individual case. Admittedly, sale of sexual services can be carried out in certain situations without it being voluntary according to the meaning of the crime of rape. However, in each individual case, the perpetrator must act with intent or negligence in relation to the seller not acting voluntarily. In addition, the two crimes differ as to which sexual acts are covered.}},
author = {{Dahl, Mikaela}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Utgör sexköp våldtäkt? En uppsats om hur köp av sexuella tjänster förhåller sig till ett våldtäktsbrott baserat på bristande frivillighet}},
year = {{2021}},
}