Barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister- är det så bra som det låter? En kritisk granskning av om barns rätt till delaktighet i vårdnadstvister utifrån ett barnperspektiv är motiverad och om denna rätt behöver stärkas
(2021) LAGF03 20211Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Att värna om barn och barns rättigheter är frågor som ständigt är aktuella, och inom politiken framförs ständigt nya lagförslag på hur barnrättsperspektivet kan stärkas.
I denna uppsats kommer därmed redogöras för om barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister i den utsträckning som gällande rätt öppnar upp för är motiverad, samt om det är berättigat att stärka denna rätt. Uppsatsens syfte kommer uppnås genom att belysa dels vilka överväganden som från lagstiftarens sida motiverat en mer långtgående reglering kring barns rätt till delaktighet, dels vilka argument som talar för respektive mot barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister.
Metoden som kommer användas är för uppsatsen genomgående den rättsdogmatiska, innebärande att lagtext,... (More) - Att värna om barn och barns rättigheter är frågor som ständigt är aktuella, och inom politiken framförs ständigt nya lagförslag på hur barnrättsperspektivet kan stärkas.
I denna uppsats kommer därmed redogöras för om barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister i den utsträckning som gällande rätt öppnar upp för är motiverad, samt om det är berättigat att stärka denna rätt. Uppsatsens syfte kommer uppnås genom att belysa dels vilka överväganden som från lagstiftarens sida motiverat en mer långtgående reglering kring barns rätt till delaktighet, dels vilka argument som talar för respektive mot barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister.
Metoden som kommer användas är för uppsatsen genomgående den rättsdogmatiska, innebärande att lagtext, lagförarbeten och doktrin kommer att användas. Då uppsatsens syfte är att göra en kritisk granskning av rättsutvecklingen och det rådande rättsläget på området, har användningen av en kritisk rättsdogmatisk analys, vilken öppnar upp för möjligheten att kritisera gällande rätt, medfört att uppsatsen syfte kunnat besvaras på ett nyanserat sätt.
Det man kan se angående de argument och tankegångar som enligt lagstiftaren motiverat en mer långtgående reglering kring barns rätt till delaktighet, är att de till stor del grundat sig på överväganden om att barn i högre grad ska respekteras som självständiga individer med egna behov och intressen. Även Sveriges anslutning till barnkonventionen 1990, i synnerhet konventionens artikel 12, har från lagstiftarens sida under åren motiverat en mer långtgående reglering kring denna rätt.
I doktrinen ser man att det råder relativt stor enighet om att en syn på barn som självständiga rättsliga subjekt är något positivt, då ett sådant synsätt ger barn möjlighet att se till att dess intresse tillvaratas genom hela vårdnadsprocessen. Barn har också gett uttryck för att de vill kunna påverka sin situation och att de känner sig lättade över att få komma till tals inom ramen för vårdnadstvister. De argument som inom doktrinen framförts mot barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister, grundar sig i tanken om att barn behöver skyddas från ansvar, och att barn varken kan eller ska fatta beslut. Vissa barn tycker också det är jobbigt att bli indragna i föräldrarnas konflikter och att ha känslan av att de tvingas välja en av föräldrarnas sida.
Ser man till omständigheter som att barn påverkas av sina föräldrar, känner sig pressade och upplever svåra lojalitetskänslor är det tveksamt om lagstiftningen ur ett barnperspektiv är motiverad, samtidigt är det viktigt att ta i beaktning att många barn mår bra av att vara delaktiga. Att stärka barns rätt till delaktiga genom att i lagtext förtydliga barns rätt till information i vårdnadstvister anser jag ur ett barnperspektiv är en bra väg att gå. Däremot, innan lagstiftaren stärker yngre barns rätt att vara delaktiga är det nödvändigt att från lagstiftarens sida fundera på om det inte är dags att ta problem med föräldraalienation, d.v.s. att barn påverkas av sina föräldrar, på riktigt. (Less) - Abstract
- Protecting children and children's rights are issues that are constantly relevant, and in politics, new legislative proposals are constantly being put forward on how the child rights perspective can be strengthened.
In this essay, it will be explained whether children's right to participation in custody disputes to the extent that applicable law opens up for today is motivated, and whether it is motivated to strengthen this right. The purpose of this essay will be achieved by illuminate the considerations justified by the legislator in order to strenghten the child’s right to participation. Furthermore, the purpose of this essay will be achieved by presenting which arguments speak for and against children being involved in custody... (More) - Protecting children and children's rights are issues that are constantly relevant, and in politics, new legislative proposals are constantly being put forward on how the child rights perspective can be strengthened.
In this essay, it will be explained whether children's right to participation in custody disputes to the extent that applicable law opens up for today is motivated, and whether it is motivated to strengthen this right. The purpose of this essay will be achieved by illuminate the considerations justified by the legislator in order to strenghten the child’s right to participation. Furthermore, the purpose of this essay will be achieved by presenting which arguments speak for and against children being involved in custody disputes.
The method that will be used for the essay is consistently the legal dogmatic one, meaning that text of a law, legislative history and doctrine will be used. Since the purpose of the essay is to conduct a critical examination of the legal development and the current legal situation in the area, the use of a critical legal dogmatic analysis, which opens up the possibility of criticizing current law, has meant that the purpose of the essay has been answered in a nuanced way.
What can be seen regarding the arguments that, according to the legislator has justified that childrens’s right to participation has been strenghtened, is that the arguments are largely based on considerations that children should be respected to a greater extent as independent individuals with own needs and interests. Moreover Sweden's accession to the Convention on the rights of the Child, in particular article 12 of the Convention, has justified that childrens’s rights to participation has been strenghtened.
In the doctrine it is seen that there is a relatively large consensus that a view of children as independent legal entities is something positive, as such an approach gives children the opportunity to ensure that their interests are safeguarded throughout the custody process. Children have also expressed that they want to be able to influence their situation and that they feel relieved to be allowed to speak within the framework of custody disputes. The arguments put forward in the doctrine against children's participation in custody disputes are based on the idea that children need to be protected from responsibility, and that children neither can, nor should make decisions of their own. Some children also find it difficult to get involved in their parents 'conflict and to have the feeling that they are forced to choose one of the parents' side. The phenomenon of parental alienation can also be problematic in relation to the child's participation in custody disputes.
If you look at circumstances such as children being influenced by their parents, feeling pressured and experiencing difficult feelings of loyalty, it is doubtful whether the legislation is justified from a child perspective. At the same time it is important to take into account that many children feel good about being involved. Strengthening children's right to participate in text of law by clarifying children's right to information in custody disputes, is from a child perspective a good way to go. However, before the legislator strengthens the right of younger children to participate, I believe it is necessary for the legislator to consider whether it is time to take problems with parental alienation, i.e. that children are influenced by their parents, into consideration. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9045511
- author
- Johansson, Elin LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Familjerätt, Vårdnad, vårdnadstvist, delaktighet
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9045511
- date added to LUP
- 2021-06-29 16:43:45
- date last changed
- 2021-06-29 16:43:45
@misc{9045511,
abstract = {{Protecting children and children's rights are issues that are constantly relevant, and in politics, new legislative proposals are constantly being put forward on how the child rights perspective can be strengthened.
In this essay, it will be explained whether children's right to participation in custody disputes to the extent that applicable law opens up for today is motivated, and whether it is motivated to strengthen this right. The purpose of this essay will be achieved by illuminate the considerations justified by the legislator in order to strenghten the child’s right to participation. Furthermore, the purpose of this essay will be achieved by presenting which arguments speak for and against children being involved in custody disputes.
The method that will be used for the essay is consistently the legal dogmatic one, meaning that text of a law, legislative history and doctrine will be used. Since the purpose of the essay is to conduct a critical examination of the legal development and the current legal situation in the area, the use of a critical legal dogmatic analysis, which opens up the possibility of criticizing current law, has meant that the purpose of the essay has been answered in a nuanced way.
What can be seen regarding the arguments that, according to the legislator has justified that childrens’s right to participation has been strenghtened, is that the arguments are largely based on considerations that children should be respected to a greater extent as independent individuals with own needs and interests. Moreover Sweden's accession to the Convention on the rights of the Child, in particular article 12 of the Convention, has justified that childrens’s rights to participation has been strenghtened.
In the doctrine it is seen that there is a relatively large consensus that a view of children as independent legal entities is something positive, as such an approach gives children the opportunity to ensure that their interests are safeguarded throughout the custody process. Children have also expressed that they want to be able to influence their situation and that they feel relieved to be allowed to speak within the framework of custody disputes. The arguments put forward in the doctrine against children's participation in custody disputes are based on the idea that children need to be protected from responsibility, and that children neither can, nor should make decisions of their own. Some children also find it difficult to get involved in their parents 'conflict and to have the feeling that they are forced to choose one of the parents' side. The phenomenon of parental alienation can also be problematic in relation to the child's participation in custody disputes.
If you look at circumstances such as children being influenced by their parents, feeling pressured and experiencing difficult feelings of loyalty, it is doubtful whether the legislation is justified from a child perspective. At the same time it is important to take into account that many children feel good about being involved. Strengthening children's right to participate in text of law by clarifying children's right to information in custody disputes, is from a child perspective a good way to go. However, before the legislator strengthens the right of younger children to participate, I believe it is necessary for the legislator to consider whether it is time to take problems with parental alienation, i.e. that children are influenced by their parents, into consideration.}},
author = {{Johansson, Elin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Barns delaktighet i vårdnadstvister- är det så bra som det låter? En kritisk granskning av om barns rätt till delaktighet i vårdnadstvister utifrån ett barnperspektiv är motiverad och om denna rätt behöver stärkas}},
year = {{2021}},
}